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Role and Function of KPC and MBL Enzymes in Increasing the Pathogenicity of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolated from Burn Wounds
Get PDFBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the main causes of hospital infections. Pathogenic factors in this bacterium may play a role in the resistance to carbapenem and beta-lactam. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role and function of KPC and MBL enzymes in increasing the pathogenicity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn wounds.
METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 63 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from burn wounds of different patients were isolated using biochemical tests such as fermentation of sugars in the OF medium, oxidase test, and so on. Determination of resistance pattern and strains with metallobetalactamase and carbapenema was done by disc diffusion method. The oprD gene was used for molecular confirmation of isolates. PCR method was used to detect pathogenicity genes.
FINDINGS: Out of 63 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn patients, 10 isolates (15.83%) had KPC enzyme and 13 isolates (20.63%) had MBL enzymes. Doripenem, Ertapenem and meropenem were the most frequent. Also, the lasB gene was observed in 43 isolates (68.25%), plcN gene in 41 isolates (65.07%), lasA gene in 20 isolates (31.74%), apr in 60 isolates (95.23%), phzI gene in 53 isolates (84.12%), the phzII gene in 38 isolates (60.31%), phzH gene in 30 isolates (47.61%) and plcH gene in 56 isolates (88.88%).
CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed that the production of Carbapnemase and MBL enzymes increased the pathogenicity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn wounds
Pyogenic Granuloma in Pregnancy: A Case Report
Get PDFBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Pyogenic granuloma is a lesion that affects pregnant women between the third and ninth month of pregnancy. It is a benign vascular proliferative disease that often appears on the gingiva, but may also appear on the lips, skin and extramucosal tissues. The purpose of the report is to introduce a pregnant woman with pyogenic granuloma with a lesion on her face.
CASE REPORT: The patient is a pregnant woman at 39 weeks of gestation without a history of a specific illness who referred to Shahid Akbarabadi Hospital in Tehran due to labor pain. A vascular nodule was visible on her face, which appeared from the first half of pregnancy and was reported to be normal in terms of paraclinical experiments. This vascular nodule improved after delivery but did not completely disappear. The patient underwent aesthetic surgery for the vascular nodule three months after delivery. The results of the pathology confirmed pyogenic granuloma.
CONCLUSION: According to the results of this report, if unusual lesions are observed on the face during pregnancy, oral and dental problems should be considered and patients should be examined by the dentist
The effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of Kelussia odoratissma Mozaffarian (KOM) seed on histopathology & joints diameter in experimental model of Incomplete Freund,s adjuvant induced arthritis in rat
Get PDFBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Arthritis is one of the inflammatory diseases that can cause debilitating problems. Existing drugs have numerous side effects that limit their use. KOM has anti-inflammatory properties due to its flavonoid compounds. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of hydroalcoholic extract of KOM in an experimental model of arthritis. METHODS: In this experimental study, 46 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 7 groups: healthy and patient control groups, normal saline recipient , hydrocortisone recipient and 3 groups treated with hydroalcoholic extract at doses of 300, 500 and 700 mg/kg. First, KOM was extracted then arthritis induced by injection of 0.1 cc of Incomplete Freund's adjuvant, and from 15th day KOM extract was injected intraperitoneally. On the last day (31st), their ankle joint was prepared for histological examination and the groups were compared. FINDINGS: The results showed that doses of 300, 500 and 700 mg/kg of hydroalcoholic extract did not significantly reduce joint diameter. Histologic studies of positive control group showed subcutaneous inflammation, destruction and fibrosis of cartilage and panus formation which subcutaneous inflammation was reduced in the low and high doses of the extract (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed that hydroalcoholic extract of KOM reduced subcutaneous inflammation but had no significant effect on joint diameter and other histopathologic and immunological changes in IFA induced arthritis
Presenting a Model of Impact of Research Ethics on the Quality of Research of Faculty Members
Get PDFBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: With the increasing growth of research in society and the importance and necessity of research in development and progress, adherence to ethics in research seems to be one of the most important pillars for the development of science. Therefore, the present study was conducted to present a model of the impact of research ethics on the quality of research of faculty members. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed on 320 faculty members of Medical Sciences Universities of a large area of the country (Babol, Semnan, Shahrood, Golestan, Gilan and Mazandaran) selected by stratified random sampling. In order to investigate the impact of research ethics on research quality, researcher-made questionnaires of research ethics consisted of 65 questions and two dimensions of "individual and social” and nine components (trustworthiness, responsibility, professional commitment, knowledge and perseverance and patience, respect for the rights of the subjects, teamwork morale, responsibility for disseminating results, and attending to community needs) were used. In addition, the research quality questionnaire including 31 questions and four dimensions of "budget and equipment, information resource development, human resource development and organization structure" was applied. In both questionnaires according to the number of questions for each component, grading was based on Likert scale from 1 to 5, and then the impact of each component on research ethics on the quality of research was assessed. FINDINGS: From 320 samples, 223 (69.7) were male and 97 (30.3) were female. The mean score of trustworthiness was 24.5±20.69 in males and 25.5±72.81 in females (p<0.05). Research ethics with standard coefficient (0.814) had an impact on research quality. The results also indicated that among the dimensions of research ethics, trustworthiness, responsibility, subject rights and teamwork spirit had a positive and significant effect on research quality (p <0.05). CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrated that research ethics has an impact on the quality of research of faculty members of Medical Sciences Universities in a large area of the country
Neural Differentiation of Whartonś Jelly Stem Cells in Three-Dimensional Chitosan Based Culture Environment
Get PDFBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Wharton Jelly Stem Cells (WJSCs) can be a good option for differentiating and regeneration of nervous system damage. Three dimensional (3D) cell cultures by providing a body-like environment have more advantages than the two dimensional (2D) cell cultures. The aim of this study was to investigate the neural differentiation of these cells in a 3D chitosan based culture environment.
METHODS: This experimental study was performed in 4 groups of 2&3D with and without differentiation media on WJSCs. First, to construct the hydrogel, hydroxyl ethyl cellulose was added to chitosan-beta-glycerophosphate solution (8.4: 0.8) (HEC: CH-β-GF). Human WJSCs after isolation by enzymatic method from wartons' jelly of born infant in Imam Khomeini hospital in Tehran and characterization with flow cytometry, were cultured 510 5 cell in each well of 24-well plate in a 2D and 3D environment using the hydrogel in neural differentiation media for 4 days. Then, the neural differentiation of WJSCs was evaluated by quantitative analysis of β-Tubulin III, Nestin and β-actin (internal control) genes expression by Real Time PCR (RT-PCR).
FINDINGS: The results of RT-PCR showed that expression of β-Tubulin III and Nestin genes in WJSCs was significantly increased by the influence of the neural differentiation media in both 2D (more than 4 folds)and 3D (more than 2 folds) culture conditions (p <0.005). But the expression of β-Tubulin III and Nestin in 3D cell culture condition (more than 1.5 folds) was greater than that in the 2D cell culture condition under the influence of the neural differentiation media (p <0.01).
CONCLUSION: The results showed that neural differentiation of WJSCs in a chitosan based 3D environment is higher than 2D
Comparative evaluation of self-adhering flowable and conventional flowable composites using different adhesive systems
Get PDFIntroduction: The ability to seal margins is considered as one of the best predictors for the long-term success of bonded restorations. The aim of this study was to compare microleakage in occlusal and gingival margins between cavities filled with self-adhesive flowable and conventional flowable composites using dye penetration. Composite restorations were bonded with self-etch, total etch and universal adhesives.
Materials & Methods: In this in vitro study, 32 extracted human premolars for orthodontic purpose were included. Class V cavities(3x3x1.5mm)were prepared on the facial and lingual surfaces of each tooth. The teeth were randomly divided into four equal groups based on the type of material: Single Bond 2 (3M ESPE), Clearfil SE Bond (Kuraray, Tokyo, Japan), Universal Scotch Bond (3M ESPE), and Vertise Flow (Kerr Corp). Bonding agents were applied according to the manufacturer instructions. Then, the cavities of the first three groups were restored with Filtek Flow (3M ESPE, USA). In addition, the teeth were thermocycled for 30 seconds and 1000 cycles at 5°-55°C. Microleakage was evaluated using a stereomicroscope(x40) .Specimens were subjected to a dye leakage test. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests.
Results: Significant difference was observed in microleakage among four groups in both occlusal and gingival levels (p≤0.05). No significant difference was found regarding microleakage between Vertise Flow, and Etch - and - rinse and Universal groups.
Conclusion: Vertise Flow is a useful material with adequate marginal seal
Effect of sandblasting on the tensile bond strength of two permanent silicone soft liners to the denture base
Get PDFIntroduction: Soft liners are materials used in removable dental prostheses to maintain the health of inflamed mucous membranes. The materials bond strength to acrylic bases can be modified by several methods; One of which includes sandblasting. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of sandblasting on the tensile bond strength(TBS) of two permanent silicone soft liners.
Material & Methods: 36 dumbbell-shaped heat-cured polymethylmethacrylate acrylic specimens were fabricated in denture flasks with a length of 75 mm, width of 12 mm and a thickness of 7 mm in the thinnest section. 3 mm of the material of all specimens was cut using a low-speed diamond saw with water cooling. Then according to the surface treatment and sofliners, the specimens were divided into four groups: no surface treatment with mollosil softliner, no surface treatment with GC softliner, sandblasting with 50 μm Al2O3 particles and then using mollosil soft liner and sandblasting with 50 μm Al2O3 particles and then using GC soft liner. After polymerization of all specimens, TBS was evaluated with universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 5 mm/min until failure. Finally, two-way ANOVA and independent T-test were used to analyzing the data.
Results: The mean of TBS in the groups of sandblasting was significantly higher than other group and the mean of TBS in the group of mollosil was higher than GC group with or without sandblasting. (p=0.001)
Conclusion: Sandblasting increases the TBS of silicone soft liners to the acrylic bases; moreover, Mollosil softliners are more tenacious compared to GC
Can the kidney volume help to differentiate the types of rejection before biopsy?
Get PDFBackground: The aim of this study was to use the volume of the graft as an adjunct tool for better decision making. Methods: Kidney transplanted patients with acute azotemia and documented volume and finally a biopsy were enrolled in this study‌. Graft volumes between rejected patients (antibody-mediated rejection AMR and cell - mediated rejection CMR) and ‌non rejected but azotemic patients were compared. Results: A total of 76 patients were enrolled in this study ‌(45 case and 31 control‌). 53.3 of the case group were‌ (AMR)‌ and 46.7 belonged to ‌(CMR). There was no difference between kidney volume according to age or sex. But the case group had a significantly bigger volume than controls (253.09 cm3 and 186.45 cm3; p< 0.001). In addition, there was a significant difference between the volumes of AMR kidneys with CMR and controls ‌(286.24+66.70‌, 224.08+76.79 and 186.95+39.92; P=0.003 and p<0.001, respectively), but not between CMR and controls ‌(P=0.067). A cutoff point of 200 cm3 was determined as rejection with sensitivity and specificity of 70 and a cutoff point of 250 cm3 could be used as AMR cut off with sensitivity of 76 and specificity of 70. Conclusion: There was a significant difference in volume between rejection and control group and between AMR and CMR. So, kidney volume determination is an easy and valuable tool to help the clinician to have a more rapid and better decision making
Serum YKL-40 levels and disease characteristics in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Get PDFBackground: The present study aimed to evaluate serum YKL-40 levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared to healthy subjects and to search whether there is an association between YKL-40 levels and disease characteristics in RA. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 60 RA patients based on the ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included. In patients, clinical examination was performed and disease activity score 28 (DAS-28) measure of disease activity was assessed. Serum YKL-40 level was measured using ELISA kit. Results: The mean±SD age of patients and controls was 54.86±11.65 and 50.71±3.72 years, respectively). Serum YKL-40 level was significantly higher in RA patients (951.63±639.98 pg/mL) compared to healthy controls (444.92±150.37 pg/mL) (P<0.001). There was no significant difference in serum YKL-40 level according to the activity of disease (p>0.05). There were significant positive correlations between serum YKL-40 level with disease activity (r=0.347, P=0.007) and rheumatoid factor (r=0.396, P=0.002). There were no significant correlations between serum YKL-40 level with demographic characteristics as well as biochemical measurements including serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide. Conclusion: Our study revealed higher serum YKL-40 levels in RA patients compared to healthy controls, which correlated positively with disease activity. Therefore, YKL-40 can be considered as a novel biomarker for disease activity estimation in RA
New formulation of ibuprofen on absorption-rate: A comparative bioavailability study in healthy volunteers
Get PDFBackground: Enteric-coated capsules are solid dosage forms which are designed to bypass the stomach and release the drug in the small intestine. This study was done to compare pharmacokinetics of ibuprofen tablet and ibuprofen as enteric-coated capsule using sodium alginate beads. Methods: A crossover randomized study was performed on 12 healthy volunteers receiving a single dose of regular ibuprofen tablet (200 mg) and enteric-coated capsule (200 mg). The washout time between the periods was one month. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic blood samples were collected for 16 hours following treatment. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method used the following specifications: C18 column with 4.6 mm diameter & 25 mm length, the fluorescent detector of excitation and emission wavelengths were 224 and 290 nm, respectively. Results: After a single oral dose of ibuprofen formulations, the median times to maximum concentration were 60 and 240 minutes in ibuprofen tablet (200 mg) and enteric-coated capsule, respectively. The maximum levels for the participants receiving ibuprofen tablet and enteric-coated capsule were 11.71±1.3 and 10.32±4.19 µg/mL, respectively. The pharmacokinetic (PK) modeling data showed the area under curve (AUC) to be 61.51 hours & 86.62 hours for the group receiving the tablet and the capsule, respectively. Conclusion: According to the results, in is concluded that enteric coating may delay the onset of ibuprofen effect and increases the duration of action. This formulation has advantages over the conventional drug delivery systems as it lengthens the dosing intervals and also increases patient compliance for chronic pain