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A Critique of the Article “Abu al-Hasan Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Tabari Toranji; the Famous Iranian Physician”
Full text linkAbu al-Hasan Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Tabari Toranji, the author of the book "al-mu'alaja al-buqratiya", is one of the greatest physicians of Tabaristan and Iran in the fourth century AH. For this purpose, in the tenth issue (Volume 20, October 2018) of the Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences, an article entitled "Abu al-Hasan Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Tabari Toranji; the famous Iranian physician" has been published on pages 72-75 about the biography of this valuable scientist, which seems to have some problems and shortcomings in terms of historical geography. Therefore, the purpose of publishing this article is to critique the published article and draw appropriate conclusions in scientific studies
Effect of Cassia fistula L. aqueous extract in maternal reproductive outcome, some serum indices and fetal anomaly frequency in rat
Full text linkBackground: Cassia fistula was used traditionally as laxative in pregnant women. Nevertheless, its fetal and maternal effects in pregnancy have not been studied yet. Methods: Oral (Lethal Dose, 50) LD50 was determined in mice. In addition, a control group, pregnant rats in other 5 experimental groups (n=12) received orally C. fistula aqueous extract (500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg), tween80 (10) and distilled water during pregnancy up to the delivery (21-23 days). Some serum indices were evaluated in maternal blood samples after delivery. Histopathologic and histomorphometric evaluations were performed on the selected slices of newborn rats. Results: Anthraquinone‎ content of the aqueous extract was 0.34 w/w. Oral LD50 was obtained more than 5000mg/kg. No abortions and newborn anomalies were observed in groups. The height and weight of the offspring were significantly reduced by the administration of 500, and 2000 mg/kg of extract compared to control. There was no significant change in maternal blood urea and creatinine. Higher concentration (2000mg/kg) led to ALT elevation. ALS levels decreased dose-dependency in treatment groups comparing to control. Histopathological findings showed significant lung vascular congestion, and hypertrophy of heart in group tween80, and significant hepatic parenchymal inflammation in tween80 and 2000mg/kg and 1000mg/kg groups. In all tissues of all groups, malpighian body area and bowman’s capsule space significantly increased compared to the control group. Conclusion: It seems C. fistula extract is safe in pregnancy. Because of confounding role of tween80 in histopathological finding, more research is necessary
Echocardiographic and electrocardiographic assessment in patients with psoriasis
Full text linkBackground: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting many organs. Recent studies have demonstrated that psoriasis is associated with cardiovascular disorders. We investigated the echocardiographic and conduction system changes in psoriasis patients. Methods: In this case-control study, 36 psoriatic patients and 36 healthy controls were enrolled. Demographic and clinical data, echocardiographic and P wave dispersion (PWD) in 12-lead electrocardiogram were evaluated in both groups. We recruited patients with confirmed diagnosis via biopsy and have not been under recent systemic treatment. Patients with underlying cardiovascular disease were excluded from the study. Results: Mean age was 41.56±16.20 and 39.67±13.85 year in case and control groups, respectively. There was no significant difference in the baseline characteristics of the two groups. PWD was significantly higher in the case group (p<0.05). High pulmonary artery pressure was observed in 14 psoriatic patients and 1 individual in the control group (p<0.001). Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction was significantly higher among individuals who were above 60 years of age (p<0.01) but not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: Psoriatic patients are more susceptible to future development of atrial fibrillation because of higher PWD. There is no significant difference between the diastolic function in these patients
Prevalence and Viral Load Determination of BK Polyomavirus among Iranian Patients with Brain Tumors
Full text linkBackground: Due to persistent infections of human central nervous system (CNS), polyomaviruses have been identified as one of the risk factors for brain tumor development. Human BK virus is of significant interest due to its experimental neuro-oncogenic potential and the possible association with CNS neoplasms. However, the results of different studies are discrepant. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of BK virus genome and quantify BK viral load in Iranian patients with primary and metastatic brain malignancies. Methods: To assess the prevalence of BK virus sequences, a total of 58 fresh brain tumors were examined by quantitative real-time PCR. The BK viral load was determined as viral copy number per cell. Results: Of the 58 brain tumor samples BK tumor antigen (TAg) sequences were detected in 26 (44.8) of cases. In primary brain tumors, BK virus sequences were recognized more frequently in schwannomas (15.5) and meningiomas (12.1). The mean BK virus TAg copy number in positive cases was 0.20×10-3±0.27×10-3 (range 0.01×10-3- 0.8×10-3) copies per cell. Conclusion: Taken together, in the present study low copy numbers of BK virus TAg gene was detected in brain tumor cells, which can indicate that BK virus may contribute to tumor induction by indirect mechanisms or neuro-persistence of this virus without any pathological consequences
The Relationship between Maternal and Neonatal Diseases and Retinopathy of Prematurity and Its Progression
Full text linkBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is a vasoproliferative retinal disease in preterm infants that can lead to disorders and blindness throughout life if not diagnosed and treated at an early age. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate the relationship between retinopathy of prematurity and various maternal and neonatal diseases.
METHODS: This case-control study was performed on 828 premature infants (303 infants with ROP and 525 infants without ROP as controls) born in Ayatollah Rouhani Hospital, Babol, Iran, in 2009-2019. All medical information about maternal and neonatal diseases was collected from patient files. Preliminary eye examinations and follow-up were performed based on the local ROP treatment and follow-up guide to diagnose the stage and zone of ROP. Then, neonates were compared based on retinopathy and lack of infection in both groups in terms of maternal and neonatal diseases including congenital heart defect, premature rupture of membranes, anemia, urinary tract infection, hypertension, sepsis, transient tachypnea of the newborn, respiratory distress syndrome, gestational diabetes and preeclampsia.
FINDINGS: Out of 828 evaluated neonates, 303 had ROP, including infants with preeclampsia (odds ratio of 2.54, p<0.001), infants with respiratory distress syndrome (odds ratio of 2.2, p<0.001) and infants with congenital heart defects (odds ratio of 1.53, p=0.047) had a higher chance of developing ROP. Moreover, infants with transient tachypnea of the newborn (odds ratio of 0.7, p<0.001) and infants with anemia (odds ratio of 0.373, p<0.001) had a lower chance of developing ROP.
CONCLUSION: The results of the study showed that maternal preeclampsia, respiratory distress syndrome and congenital heart defects are among the diseases affecting the incidence of ROP
A Review of Prevention and Adjuvant Therapy in Acute Respiratory Syndrome Caused by COVID-19 from the Perspective of Persian Medicine
Full text linkBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: COVID-19 started in December 2019 in Wuhan, China and quickly became a global pandemic. According to studies, traditional medicine interventions along with conventional medicine protocols have been reported to be effective in prevention and treatment. The aim of this study was to summarize the recommendations of Persian medicine based on evidence in the prevention and treatment of symptoms of acute respiratory syndrome.
METHODS: In this review article, keywords related to the symptoms of COVID-19 in Persian medicine sources, review and items related to the prevention and treatment of acute respiratory syndrome were extracted. Individual items with the keywords "Influenza" or "SARS" or "MERS" or "COVID-19" or "Coronavirus" or "Antiviral" or "Anti-inflammatory" or "Immune system" or "Antioxidant" were searched in the databases SID, Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of science, Science direct, and Google scholar, and finally those with scientific evidence were presented in the form of auxiliary instructions for prevention and treatment.
FINDINGS: A significant part of the recommendations of Persian medicine to prevent or control the symptoms of acute respiratory syndrome has practical clinical evidence. These include social distance, avoiding heavy meals, and using herbal remedies according to the specific conditions of the patients.
CONCLUSION: According to the results of this study, the use of simple strategies of Persian medicine in preventing and improving the symptoms of acute respiratory syndrome caused by COVID-19 along with common medicine protocols, can help control the epidemic conditions. Also, many of these recommendations can be evaluated as useful research ideas in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19
3-Dimensional Evaluation of Impacted Mandibular Second Premolars in Association with Surrounding Structures
Full text linkBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Mandibular second premolars are the third most frequent impacted. By evaluating the three-dimensional position of the impacted tooth and timely treatment, possible problems and damage to adjacent structures can be prevented. This study was designed to assess the position of Impacted Mandibular Second Premolar (MnP2) as well as the effect on adjacent structures using CBCT imaging due to the lack of adequate studies in this field.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed on 25 impacted mandibular second premolars. Two radiologists assessed and compared CBCT images to determine the following variables: unilateral/bilateral, position of the crown, root resorption of the adjacent permanent teeth, root dilaceration, depth of impaction, type of impaction, pathology incidence, residual primary tooth, position and distance to inferior alveolar nerve canal and the mental foramen.
FINDINGS: In most cases, unilateral impaction was seen (19(76%), p=0.063). Crown position of most of MnP2 was displaced lingually (17(68%), p=0.324). Vertical and distoangular position of tooth were more common (12(48%) and 5(20%), p=0.922). Root resorption of the adjacent permanent teeth and dental pathologies did not occur in any of cases. Most of Mnp2 were categorized under the classification as mild (14(56%), p=0.270).
CONCLUSION: According to the results of the present study, it is unlikely that the MnP2 of young patients analyzed in this study would adversely affect adjacent structures
The Relationship between Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Professional Behavior Mediated by Nurses' Physical Health
Full text linkBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Organizational citizenship behavior is a performance beyond job duties that can lead to professional behavior and improve the performance of the organization and the quality of services. Considering that the physical health of nurses is one of the requirements for the quality of their performance, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between organizational citizenship behavior and professional behavior mediated by nurses' physical health.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed in 2019 among 350 nurses working in Amirkola Children's Hospital, and Yahyanejad, Shahid Beheshti and Ayatollah Rouhani Hospitals affiliated to Babol University of Medical Sciences. Using a four-section questionnaire, including Demographic Characteristics Questionnaire, Podsakoff Organizational Citizenship Behavior Scale (24 items with a score range of 24-120), Goz Nursing Professional Behavior Scale (27 items with a score range of 27-135) and Physical Health Questionnaire (14 items with a score range of 14-98), the required data were collected and evaluated.
FINDINGS: There were 245 female nurses (70%) and 105 male nurses (30%). The age of 59.4% of subjects was in the rage of 30-39 years. The mean value of organizational citizenship behavior was 75.77±17.93 and the mean value of professional behavior was 102.30±18.27. The relationship between organizational citizenship behavior and professional behavior was direct and significant (path coefficient=0.481, p<0.001). The mean value of physical health was 47.17±10.80 and physical health played a mediating role in the relationship between organizational citizenship behavior and professional behavior (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION: The results of the study showed that there was a direct relationship between organizational citizenship behavior and professional behavior and the mediating role of nurses' physical health in this regard was confirmed
Accuracy of mammography and ultrasonography and their BI-RADS in detection of the breast malignancies
Full text linkBackground: We aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of mammography and ultrasonography and their breast imaging-reporting and data system (BI-RADS) classification versus breast core needle biopsy (CNB) findings in distinguishing the breast masses. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted during 2016-2018 on female patients who were referred to a radiology center in Babol, northern Iran, for routine screening and/or for CNB. Patients underwent sonography and mammography by a senior radiologist. The breast lesions were also evaluated according to BI-RADS classification. CNB was performed on the breast masses by the same radiologist and pathological procedures were performed by an expert pathologist. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: In total, 213 breast masses were finally assessed, of which 107 (50.2 ) masses were benign and 106 (49.8 ) masses were malignant. The sensitivity for mammography and ultrasound alone was 72.6 and 68.9, respectively. This rate for combined mammography and ultrasound was 84.9. About BI-RADS classification, 28 masses were classified as BI-RADS 3, 99 as BI-RADS 4A, 4 as BI-RADS 4B, 18 as BI-RADS 4C, and 64 as BI-RADS 5. BI-RADS 4A had the highest sensitivity (70.1) among BI-RADS categories. The highest specificity pertained to BI-RADS 3 and 5 (100) among BI-RADS categories. Also, the highest accuracy was related to BI-RADS 5 (80.3). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that combined mammography and ultrasound had a higher rate of accuracy than mammography or ultrasound alone. Furthermore, the imaging methods BI-RADS classification had an acceptable positive predictive value
Multi Media Strategy in Teaching a Comprehensive Nursing Care Unit in CCU Wards:An Effective Solution At the Time of the Outbreak of COVID-19
Full text linkBackground and Objective: With the outbreak of COVID-19 and  teaching a comprehensive nursing care in Navid system of Babol Medical Science University. A survey was conducted to determine the effective strategy in teaching the comprehensive care in intensive care units as an effective solution. Methods: The present study was descriptive and was conducted in the research community of sixth semester nursing students of Ramsar College. samples were 31 student. Three software ( reading ECG, dialysis and multimedia pacemaker), the multimedia films that the teacher produced from his PowerPoint and Also downloaded videos that have been translated into Persian, All were uploaded to the system. WhatsApp program was also used during teaching. Finally, students' satisfaction was assessed with a Likert form. Findings: 31 students participated in this study. Application of multimedia strategy with the learning rate of the samples showed a significant direct relationship( P = 0.78). Satisfaction with the application of this strategy in education was 81. 82.8 of students were dissatisfied with the weakness of the Internet in their homes in receiving messages and content. Sound quality and design of the loading content of over 90 percent were satisfied. Conclusion: E-learning as a flexible method, which provides access to multimedia and attractive educational content for nursing students and nurses at any time and place, is also one of the most effective educational methods in the era of coronavirus