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    Retrospective evaluation of cases admitted to the Internal Medicine Clinic of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aksaray University

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    Bu çalışmada yeni kurulan fakültemiz hastanesine getirilen hastaların demografik analizleri amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla 23.06.2015-30.06.2021 tarihleri arasında Aksaray Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi İç Hastalıkları Kliniği’ne tanı ve tedavi amacıyla getirilen hastalar çalışmaya dahil edildi. Toplam 657 hastanın retrospektif değerlendirilmesi yapıldı. Hastaların yıl, ay ve türlere göre dağılımları ile hastalıkların yerleştiği sistemlere göre sınıflandırılması yapıldı. Söz konusu yıllar arasında en fazla karnivor, en az kanatlı hastanın getirildiği belirlenmiştir. Hasta yoğunluğunun en fazla olduğu yıl 2021 ve en az ise 2015 yılı olarak kaydedilmiştir. Hayvan sayısının kış mevsiminde, özellikle Şubat ayında en yüksek orana ulaştığı, yaz mevsiminde ise Temmuz ayında en az olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sistem hastalıkları yönünden değerlendirildiğinde, tüm türlerde en çok sindirim sistemi ikinci sırada ise solunum sisteminin etkilendiği vakalar tespit edilmiştir.In this study, demographic analysis of cases admitted to our newly established faculty hospital was aimed. For this purpose, casese reffered between 23.06.2015-30.06.2021 to the clinic of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aksaray University, for diagnosis and treatment were included in the study. A total of 657 patients were evaluated retrospectively. The distribution of the cases according to year, month and species, and classification by the body systems involved were made. The highest number of cases referred was carnivores and the least was poultry between the evaluated years. The highest number of cases were recorded recorded in 2021 and the lowest in 2015. The number of cases peaked in the winter season, especially in February, and was the lowest in the summer season, particularly in July. In the majority of cases admitted, the digestive system was affected and the second most affected system was respiratory

    In vitro biological activities of potassium metaborate; antioxidative, antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties

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    Antioxidant, antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of potassium metaborate (KBO2) was investigated within the present study. Antioxidant capacity of potassium metaborate was determined by β-carotene bleaching (BCB) assay and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. Potassium metaborate was evaluated for its antimicrobial effects against selected Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and a yeast via broth dilution method. The inhibition capability of potassium metaborate on the microbial biofilm formation of tested microorganisms was measured by microplate biofilm method using MTT (3- [4, 5- dimethyl-2-thiazolyl]-2, 5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium-bromide). Biofilm inhibition capacity of potassium metaborate was also observed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Potassium metaborate was found to have the ability to scavenge hydroxyl radicals with an inhibition rate of 71.13% at 100 mM concentration. Antioxidant activity of potassium metaborate as determined by BCB assay gave higher result with an inhibition rate of 86.96% at the same concentration. According to the MIC (minimum inhibition concentration) values, the potassium metaborate inhibited the growth of C. albicans, S. aureus and E. coli at 62.5 mM concentrations while it was 31.25 mM for B. subtilis and 125 mM for P. aeruginosa. The highest antibiofilm activity was determined at the MIC of potassium metaborate with the reduction rate of 90.18% against C. albicans. It was concluded that, potassium metaborate have strong biological activities and can be effectively used for biomedical and environmental solutions

    Nursing students' spiritual caregiving status: Comparison of western and central anatolia regions of Turkey

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    *Sayın Kasar, Kadriye ( Aksaray, Yazar )Purpose The aim of this study was to determine the status of spiritual caregiving education in nursing students belonging to two different state universities in Turkey. Design and Methods The descriptive, cross-sectional study was completed with 326 students. Findings Turkey's western regions in mean scale scores of students (147.27 +/- 19.40) in central Anatolia (140.83 +/- 18.82) was higher than the students and the difference was statistically significant. A statistically significant difference was found between the total score averages of the Spiritual Caregiving Scale and their year of study, self-perception of spirituality, and relating their profession to spirituality (p < 0.05). Practice Implications It is recommended to include spiritual care issues and principles in the nursing education curriculum

    Findings regarding Turkish education in the journal of Genç Kalemler

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    Genç Kalemler dergisi Türk yazın hayatındaki etkilerinin yanı sıra dil, edebiyat alanındaki görüşleri ve dolayısıyla Türkçe eğitimi alanına etkileri ile önemli konumda yer almaktadır. Ömer Seyfettin, Ali Canip ve Ziya Gökalp’in görüşleri ile ön plana çıktığı Genç Kalemler dergisi, döneminde diğer yazarlar tarafından da desteklenmiştir. Bu araştırmada Genç Kalemler dergisinde yer alan makalelerin Türkçe eğitimi açısından değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda ilgili makalelerde yer alan Türkçe eğitimine yönelik tespitlerin analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırmada doküman incelemesi yönteminden faydalanılmıştır. İncelenen makalelerde sadece dil bilgisi değil aynı doğrultuda dil eğitimi alanına yönelik görüşlerin de olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Genç Kalemler dergisinde genellikle Yeni Lisan başlığı altında yayımlanan makaleler vasıtasıyla hedeflenen temel amacın millî ve tabii bir lisan, millî bir edebiyat oluşturabilmek olduğu görülmektedir. Bu doğrultuda makalelerdeki genel görüşlere göre İstanbul Türkçesinin tabii lisan olarak kabul edilmesinin önerildiği belirtilmektedir. Ayrıca Genç Kalemler dergisinde yer alan makalelerde öğretmenlik mesleğine yönelik çeşitli tespitler ve öneriler de yer almaktadır.Genç Kalemler journal is in an important position with its effects on Turkish literature as well as its views on language and literature and therefore its effects on Turkish education. Genç Kalemler journal, in which Ömer Seyfettin, Ali Canip and Ziya Gökalp came to the fore with their views, was also supported by other authors during its period. In this research, it is aimed to evaluate the articles in Genç Kalemler journal in terms of Turkish education. For this purpose, the determinations regarding Turkish education in the related articles were analyzed. Document analysis method was used in the research. In the articles examined, it was determined that there were not only grammar but also opinions on the dimension of language education in the same direction. It is seen that the main aim of the articles published under the title of Yeni Lisan (New Language) in Genç Kalemler journal is to create a national and natural language, a national literature. In this direction, it is stated that according to the general opinions in the articles, it is recommended to accept Istanbul Turkish as a natural language. In addition, there are various findings and suggestions for the teaching profession in the articles in the journal of Genç Kalemler

    Integration of migrants in Turkey: The role of municipalities and migrant associations

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    Tarihin bilinen en eski dönemlerinden günümüze gelen süreçte insanların devamlı olarak göç ettiklerini görmekteyiz. Özellikle günümüzde dünya genelinde göçmen nüfusu artmaya devam etmektedir. Yoğun göç alan ülkelerden biri olan Türkiye için de göçmen konusu önem teşkil etmektedir. Türkiye, özellikle komşu ülkelerden gelen kitlesel göçler karşısında oluşabilecek problemlerin önüne geçmek için önlemler almış ve politikalar uygulamıştır. Bu politikalardan özellikle uygulamada entegrasyonu ön plana çıkarmıştır. Ancak kanunlarda göçmen entegrasyonu doğrudan bir kurumun görevine verilmemiştir. Buna karşın Türkiye'de yerel yönetimler ve göçmen dernekleri, göçmenlere yönelik faaliyetlerinde entegrasyonu benimsemiştir. İki ana bölümden oluşan çalışmamızda, Türkiye'de belediyelerin ve göçmen derneklerinin göçmenlerin entegrasyonunda nasıl bir rol üstlendiği açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Geniş bir literatür taraması ile örnek kurumlar belirlenmiş ve yaptıkları çalışmalara ulaşılarak araştırma sorusu açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Değerlendirmeler sonucunda bu kurumların Avrupa Birliği ülkelerindeki kurumlarla yapılan iş birlikleri ile AB ilkelerinden etkilendikleri ve entegrasyonu kendilerine görev edindikleri sonucuna varılmıştır.In the process from the earliest known periods of history to the present day, we see that people are constantly migrating. Especially today, the immigrant population continues to increase worldwide. The issue of migration is also important for Turkey, which is one of the countries receiving intensive migration. Turkey has taken measures and implemented policies to prevent problems that may arise especially in the face of mass migrations from neighboring countries. Among these policies, especially in practice, integration has come to the forefront. However, immigration integration is not directly assigned to an institution in the law. On the other hand, local governments and migrant associations in Turkey have adopted integration in their activities for migrants. In our study, which consists of two main parts, the role of municipalities and immigrant associations in the integration of immigrants into Turkey has been tried to be explained. With a wide literature review, sample institutions were identified and the research question was tried to be explained by reaching their work. As a result of the evaluations, it was concluded that these institutions were influenced by the EU principles through their cooperation with the institutions in the European Union countries and that they adopted integration as their duty

    Investigation of potential use of Ziziphus jujuba Mill. (Hünnap) plant in various area in industry

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    Bu tez çalışmasında, su ve etanol çözücüleri kullanılarak elde edilen, Ziziphus jujuba Mill. (Hünnap) meyve su (MS), yaprak su (YS), meyve etanol (ME) ve yaprak etanol (YE) ekstrelerinin gıda, klinik, balık patojenleri ve anne sütünden elde edilen probiyotik mikroorganizmalar üzerine antimikrobiyal ve antifungal aktivitesi, güneşten koruma faktörü (GKF) ve ticari olarak temin edilen vücut kremlerinin GKF değeri üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Z. jujuba meyve ve yaprak ekstrelerinin, patojen mikroorganizmalar üzerine antimikrobiyal aktiviteye sahip iken, anne sütünden elde edilen probiyotik adayı laktik asit bakterileri üzerine herhangibir inhibitör aktiviteye sahip olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Makro-dilüsyon yöntemi ile Pseudomonas aeruginosa ve Vibrio anguillarum A4 patojenleri üzerine MS ekstresinin antimikrobiyal aktivitesi belirlenmiştir ve 48. saatin sonunda Z. jujuba MS ekstresi içeren bakteri süsponsiyonlarda, her iki patojen mikroorganizmanın canlı hücre sayılarında belirgin bir düşüş olduğu kaydedilmiştir. Z. jujuba MS, YS, ME ve YE ekstrelerinin GKF değeri spektrofometrik olarak belirlenmiştir. Test edilen Z. jujuba ektrelerinde en yüksek GKF değerleri 11.78-22.64 olarak YS ve YE ekstrelerinde belirlenmişir. Z. jujuba ekstrelerinin ticari olarak temin edilen normal ve su bazlı vücut kremlerinin GKF değeri üzerine etkisi in vitro olarak belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen test sonuçlarına göre Z. jujuba meyve ve yaprak ekstrelerinin, iki krem formülasyonunun da GKF değerini arttırdığı kaydedilmiştir. Her iki krem+ekstre karışımında en yüksek GKF değeri 10 ml konsantrasyonda Z. jujuba YE ektresinde 12.95 olarak belirlenmiştir. Tez çalışmasında elde edilen sonuçlara göre Z. jujuba meyve ve yaprak ekstrelerinin gıda, klinik, farmakoloji, ilaç ve kozmetik endüstrilerinde alternatif doğal katkı maddesi olarak kullanım potansiyaline sahip olduğu rapor edilmiştir.In this thesis, Ziziphus jujuba Mill. Antimicrobial and antifungal activity of fruit water (MS), leaf water (YS), fruit ethanol (ME) and leaf ethanol (YE) extracts on food, clinical, fish pathogens and probiotic microorganisms obtained from breast milk, sun protection factor (GKF) and commercially available body creams on GKF value was investigated. It was determined that while Z. jujuba fruit and leaf extracts had antimicrobial activity on pathogenic microorganisms, they did not have any inhibitory activity on lactic acid bacteria, which are candidate probiotics obtained from breast milk. Antimicrobial activity of MS extract was determined on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Vibrio anguillarum A4 pathogens by macro-dilution method, and at the end of 48th hour, a significant decrease in viable cell counts of both pathogenic microorganisms was noted in bacterial suspensions containing Z. jujuba MS extract. GKF values of Z. jujuba MS, YS, ME and YE extracts were determined spectrophotometrically. The highest GKF values in the tested Z. jujuba extracts were determined as 11.78-22.64 in the YS and YE extracts. The effect of Z. jujuba extracts on the GKF value of commercially available normal and water-based body creams was determined in vitro. According to the test results obtained, it was noted that Z. jujuba fruit and leaf extracts increased the GKF value of both cream formulations. The highest GKF value in both cream+extract mixtures was determined as 12.95 in Z. jujuba YE extract at 10 ml concentration. The results obtained in the thesis study, it has been reported that Z. jujuba fruit and leaf extracts have the potential to be used as an alternative natural additive in the food, clinical, pharmacology, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries

    Comparison of ELISA and RIA methods to quantify arginine vasopressin hormone levels in cell culture

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    The radioimmunoassay (RIA) method is widely used to determine the levels of arginine vasopressin (AVP) in studies, especially in cell culture studies. However, there are many difficulties and disadvantages in performing this method. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the comparison between enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and RIA methods by using the Bland–Altman statistical method and to investigate whether the commonly used RIA can be replaced by the ELISA method for measurement of AVP levels in cell culture medium. For this purpose, wild-type (WT) and three different mutant AVP-NPII vectors were transiently transfected to mouse neuroblastoma (Neuro2A) cells and AVP secretion into the cell culture medium by transfected Neuro2A cells was determined by both RIA and ELISA methods. Following the use of the normalization method, Bland–Altman method, currently the most commonly used statistical method assessing comparison between two methods, was performed to assess agreement between two methods. The order of normalized AVP values obtained using the RIA method was as follows: WT (0.921 ± 0.08), 207_209delGGC mutant (0.801 ± 0.09), G45C mutant (0.508 ± 0.10), and G88V mutant (0.497 ± 0.12). The normalized AVP values obtained using the ELISA method were as follows: WT (0.865 ± 0.12), 207_209delGGC mutant (0.704 ± 0.13), G88V mutant (0.255 ± 0.16), and G45C mutant (0.250 ± 0.15). The order of AVP levels measured from each transfected cell using both methods was quite similar. According to the Bland–Altman method, there is an agreement between RIA and ELISA for measuring the AVP levels in cell culture. It can be recommended to apply ELISA instead of the RIA method for determinating AVP levels

    Investigation of a new Jungck-type fixed point iteration method

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    Sabit nokta teoride iyi bilinen teoremlerden biri olan Banach Daralma İlkesi birçok araştırmacı tarafından genelleştirilmiş ve normlu uzaylardan Banach uzaylarına kadar farklı türden yapılar üzerinde sabit nokta teoremleri elde edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada Banach Büzülme İlkesinin dikkate değer genellemelerinden biri olan Jungck Daralma İlkesinden yararlanılmıştır. Bu tez dört bölümden oluşmuştur. Birinci bölümde sabit nokta teorisinin tarihsel gelişimine yer verilmiştir. İkinci bölümde daha sonra kullanılacak olan temel kavramlara yer verilmiştir. Üçüncü bölümde yeni iterasyon yöntemi tanıtılmış ve bu yöntem için belirli bir dönüşüm sınıfı kullanılarak yakınsama, kararlılık, yakınsama hızı ve veri bağlılığı gibi sabit nokta teoremleri elde edilmiştir. Dördüncü bölümde bu tez çalışmasında elde edilen sonuçlar özetlenmiş ve ileride yapılabilecek olası çalışmalara yer verilmiştir.Banach Contraction Principle, one of the well-known theorems in fixed point theory, has been generalized by many researchers and fixed point theorems have been obtained on different types of structures from normed spaces to Banach spaces. In this study, Jungck Contraction Principle, which is one of the remarkable generalizations of Banach Contraction Principle, was used. This thesis consists of four parts. In the first chapter, the historical development of the fixed point theory is given. In the second part, the basic concepts that will be used later are given. In the third chapter, the new iteration method is introduced and fixed point theorems such as convergence, stability, rate of convergence and data dependency are obtained by using a certain mapping class for this method. In the fourth chapter, the results obtained in this thesis study are summarized and possible future studies are given

    Evaluation of scoring systems in terms of early prediction of severe acute pancreatitis and mortality in patients over 65 years of age.

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    Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the power of disease severity scores to predict the development of Severe Acute Pancreatitis (SAP) and mortality in the early period over 65 years old diagnosed with acute pancreatitis in the emergency department. Materials and Methods: We calculated RANSON (on admission) and Computed Tomography Severity Index (CTSI) in addition to Bedside Index for Severity in Acute Pancreatitis (BISAP) score on admission to the emergency department. Results: One hundred and sixty patients (46.9% over 80 years of age) were included in the study. We observed statistically higher length of hospitalization, longer duration of stay in the intensive care unit, SAP and higher mortality in patients over 80 years of age. When we examined the ROC curve, we determined that the AUC values of the BISAP score were highest in both SAP and mortality estimation (AUC: 0.911, 95% CI 0.861-0.962; AUC: 0.918, 95% CI 0.864-0.9722, respectively). Binary logistic analysis indicated a 4.7-fold increased risk for SAP and a 12.3-fold increased mortality for each unit increase in BISAP score value. Conclusion: BISAP may be a good predictor for SAP and mortality estimation on admission to the emergency department in patients over 65 years of age with acute pancreatitis

    Iddah of man in islāmic family law

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    İslâm hukukuna göre boşanmış veya kocası ölmüş bir kadın, ancak belli bir süre geçmesi durumunda başka bir erkekle evlenebilmektedir. Kadının yeniden evlenebilmesi için beklemesi gereken bu süreye iddet denilmektedir. İddetin, kadının rahminin beraatinin bilinmesi, nesebin karışmaması, kadının yeni bir evliliğe psikolojik olarak hazırlanması gibi pek çok hikmeti sayılabilir. Ayrıca kocası ölen kadının, kocasını kaybetmenin hüzün ve kederiyle yas tutması da iddetin hikmetlerinden sadece bir tanesidir. Ancak yukarıda zikredilen gerekçelerin hiçbirisi tek başına gerçek anlamda iddetin illetini oluşturmaz. Bunun için İslâm hukukçularının pek çoğu iddetin ibadet yönüne vurgu yapmak suretiyle iddetin taabbüdîliğini dile getirmişlerdir. İddetin taabbüdî olması, hikmet ve illetinin gerçek anlamda tam olarak belirlenemeyeceğini ifade etmektedir. Bu çalışmada ifade edilen erkeğin iddeti hususu iki kız kardeşin bir nikâh altında bulunmasının haram kılınması meselesi ile yakından ilişkilidir. Bunun haricinde erkek boşamış olduğu kadının kız kardeşi, teyzesi veya halası ile evlenebilmesi için boşamış olduğu kadının iddetinin bitmesini bekleyecektir. Fürû-i fıkıh eserlerinde -tartışmalı olsa da- bu duruma erkeğin iddeti adı verilmektedir. İslâm hukukçuları, kocanın karısının ölümünden sonra karısının kız kardeşi ile herhangi bir süre beklemeksizin evlenebileceği; ricî talâkla karısını boşadıktan sonra ise böyle bir evlilik için boşadığı karısının iddetinin bitmesini bekleyeceği hususunda ittifak etmiştir. Kocanın bâin talâk ile boşamış olduğu karısının kız kardeşi ile evlenmek için iddet bekleyip beklemeyeceği hususunda ise ihtilâf etmişlerdir.A woman who is divorced or whose husband passed away can marry another man only after a certain period of time. In Islāmic law, this period of waiting for a woman to remarry is called iddah. Iddah has many merits such as knowing the acquittal of the womb of the woman, not mixing the lineage, and preparing the woman psychologically for a new marriage. In addition, the mourning of a woman whose husband died with the sadness and grief of losing her husband is another merits of iddah. However, none of these listed reasons really constitute the cause of iddah. For this reason, most of the Islāmic jurists have expressed the iddah by emphasizing the worship aspect of it. The fact of iddah being taabbud/devotional means that its wisdom and cause cannot be determined exactly. The issue of iddah of men expressed in this study is closely related to the issue that Islām forbids the union of two sisters under the same marriage. However, a man has to wait until the iddah of the divorced woman ends so that he can marry the sister or aunt/auntie of the woman he has divorced. In the works of furu fiqh, although they are controversial, this situation is called the iddah of men. While a man can marry the woman’s sister without waiting for iddah in case of the death of the woman, the necessity of waiting for the iddah of the woman in order for the man to marry the woman’s sister in case of divorce by ric’î talāq is based on the consensus of Islāmic jurists. Whether he can marry the sister of his wife, whom he divorced with bâin talāq/permanent divorce, before the end of his wife's iddah is controversial in the doctrine

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