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Determination of nutrient content of Gagea bohemica (Liliaceae) in Turkey
No full textMineral nutrients are essential for the growth and survival of a plant. In particular, bulbous plants such as Gagea bohemica (Zauschn.) Schultes & Schultes f. store nutrients and use them in metabolic activities during dormancy. The main aim of the present research is to reveal the micro- and macronutrient contents of G. bohemica. The soil and plant (bulbs, stem, and leaf parts) samples were taken from the southeast of Aksaray in Turkey at an altitude of 1320 m above sea level in April 2021. The amount of nutrients (Zn, S, P, Ni, Mn, Mg, K, Fe, Cu, Ca, Ba, and Al) in these samples were determined by ICPMS. Afterwards, these data were analyzed statistically. Zn, Fe, K, and Ca values in soil were within reference values, whereas Al (65,000 ± 1000–75,000 ± 3000 mg/kg), Cu (20 ± 2–46 ± 0.1 mg/kg), Mg (15,000 ± 1000–21,000 ± 1000 mg/kg), Mn (606 ± 2–751 ± 24 mg/kg), and Ni (75 ± 7–100 ± 10 mg/kg) values were above. Our results indicate an accumulation of nutrients in the soil where G. bohemica grows. Similarly, the concentrations of Zn, K, Cu, and Ca in the bulbs of the plant were among the reference values, while Al (14,900 ± 500 mg/kg), Fe (15,700 ± 200 mg/kg), Mg (7600 ± 300 mg/kg), Mn (321 ± 15 mg/kg), and Ni (81 ± 1 mg/kg) ratios were higher than optimal. Additionally, we found that G. bohemica effectively accumulates Al, Fe, Mg, and Ni in its shoot tissues. Monitoring this plant in terms of macro and micronutrients will provide more detailed information about its ecological features and habitat properties. In this way, it will be possible to carry out the cultivation of the species in suitable conditions and effective species protection and ensure sustainability
Effect of PVD-TiN and CVD-Al2O3 coatings on cutting force, surface roughness, cutting power, and temperature in hard turning of AISI H13 steel
No full textThe present work focusses on the hard turning of AISI H13 tool steel with PVD-TiN- and CVD-Al2O3-coated ceramic cutting tools. In this context, hard turning tests have been performed under dry cutting conditions at five different cutting speeds (120, 165, 210, 255, and 300 m/min), three different feeds (0.12, 0.18, and 0.24 mm/rev), and a constant depth of cut of 0.6 mm. The main cutting force (Fc), surface roughness (Ra), cutting power (Pc), and temperature (T), as well tool wear mechanisms, have been investigated under these subjected conditions. The outcomes of this study show that while feed plays an important role in the main cutting force and surface roughness, cutting speed also plays an important role in cutting power and temperature. The average main cutting force, surface roughness, cutting power, and temperature are 13, 15, 14, and 11% better when AISI H13 alloy is machined with the PVD-TiN-coated inserts than those in the CVD-Al2O3-coated inserts, respectively. SEM examination also revealed that the abrasion and adhesion mechanism is more effective when AISI H13 alloy is machined with the CVD-Al2O3-coated inserts compared to those in the PVD-TiN-coated inserts
The role of learning climate on self-efficacy beliefs and self- perceived communication competences of EFL learners in higher education
Get PDFThis study aims to explore the role of learning climate on self-efficacy beliefs and self-perceived communication competences of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners in higher education. The study used a cross-sectional survey design. The data were collected with a questionnaire and two scales involving Likert-type items from 137 higher education students. Several statistical techniques were employed to analyze the quantitative data. Results showed that EFL students' learning climate perceptions, self-efficacy beliefs, and self-perceived communication competence levels were moderate. There was no significant difference among students' learning climate, self-efficacy, and self-perceived communication points in terms of their sex. There was a difference between 1st year and 2nd year students for learning climate, and there was no significant difference among students' self-efficacy and self-perceived communication points in terms of their year. A positive significant relationship among students' learning climate and self-efficacy and self-perceived communication competence was found. Self-efficacy and self-perceived communication competence were found to be stronger predictors of each other
The Relationship Between Geopolitical Risk and Credit Default Swap Premium: Evidence from Turkey
Get PDFThis study investigates the relationship between the geopolitical risk in Turkey arising out of the war and terror incidents happened in the region during the period 2003:01-2020:06 with the CDS premium. A two-step approach is undertaken for this assessment, in which an ARDL limit test and then a time-varying symmetric and asymmetric causality test are applied to study the possible causality vis-a-vis the subperiods. The ARDL limit test does not reject the hypothesis that there is a co-integrated relationship between CDS premium and geopolitical risk index. In addition, the time-varying symmetric and asymmetric test also identifies causality between CDS premium and geopolitical risk, and establishes periods where the latter influences the former variable both in a positive and negative way. In summary, both the ARDL limit test and the time-varying symmetric and asymmetric test deduce a causal relationship between the studied variables
The Effectiveness of Policy Interest Rate: Observations on Turkey
Get PDFEkonomik istikrarın önemli göstergelerinden biri durumunda olan faiz oranı makroekonomik büyüklüklerle de yoğun etkileşim içinde olan temel değişkenlerden biridir. Bilindiği üzere faiz oranını etkileyen çok sayıda faktör bulunmaktadır. Merkez bankasının para politikası uygulamaları da bu faktörler içerisinde yer almaktadır. Türkiye’de 2021 yılı Eylül ayından itibaren Merkez Bankası politika faizinde indirim sürecine başlamış ve dört ay içerisinde toplamda 500 baz puan indirim yaparak faiz oranını %14 düzeyine getirmiştir. Geçen zaman içerisinde beklentilerin aksine piyasa faiz oranları ile politika faiz oranının aynı yönlü davranış sergilemediği görülmüştür. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de 2010:05–2022:05 dönemi için aylık verilerden yararlanılarak politika faizi ile piyasa faizleri arasındaki ayrışmayı meydana getiren faktörler zamanla değişen nedensellik testi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Kredi faizlerinin aşağı yönlü hareket etmesini frenleyen faktörler içerisinde ilk sırada döviz kuru değişkeni, daha sonra ise enflasyon, CDS pirimi ve LİBOR faizi değişkenlerinin yer aldığı bulunmuştur. Gösterge faizine yön veren en önemli faktör yine döviz kuru değişkenidir. CDS primi ve LİBOR faizi etkileyici boyuttaki diğer faktörlerdir. Bu sonuçlar, Türkiye’de döviz kuru ve enflasyon başta olmak üzere diğer iktisadi, siyasi ve hukuki bileşenleri dikkate almadan politika faizinde değişiklik yapmak suretiyle arzu edilen iktisadi hedefleri elde etmenin son derece güç olduğunu göstermektedir.The interest rate is one of the important indicators of economic stability and the main variables in intense interaction with macroeconomic indicators. There are many factors affecting the interest rate. The monetary policy practices of the central bank is also one of these. As of September 2021 in Turkey, the Central Bank has started the process of reducing the policy rate. It reduced it by 500 basis points in total in four months, bringing it to 14%. In the course of time, the market interest rates and policy interest rates were observed to have not behaved in the same direction as expected. In this study, by using monthly data for the period 2010:05-2022:05 in Turkey, the factors causing the divergence between the policy rate and market interest rates were examined with the time-varying causality test method. According to the results, the exchange rate variable ranks first among the factors restraining the downward movement of credit interest rates. This is followed by inflation, CDS premium and LIBOR rate. The most important factor causing the benchmark interest rate is again the exchange rate. The CDS premium and the LIBOR rate are other affecting factors. The results indicate that it is extremely strong to achieve the desired economic targets by changing the policy rate without considering the other economic, political, and legal components, especially the exchange rate and inflation
The importance of Khorasan during The Seljuk State
Get PDFHorasan bölgesi Orta Çağ'da İslâmiyet'in yayıldığı bir coğrafya olarak önem arz etmektedir. Özellikle X. asırdan itibaren Hazar Denizi çevresi ve Mâverâünnehir dolaylarında yaşamakta olan Oğuz/Türkmenlerin İslâmiyet ile tanışmalarının ardından eski Horasan bölgesine doğru yoğun bir göç hareketi başlamıştır. Bu bölgeler o sırada Gazneli Devleti'nin etki sahasında idi. Bir yandan Karahanlılar, Sâmânoğulları (Sâmânîler), diğer yandan Gazneliler ve Selçuklu Devleti'nin kurucusu olan Oğuz Türkmenleri farklı stratejiler izleyerek Horasan bölgesine hâkim olmaya çalışmışlardır. Abbâsîler döneminde İslâm'ın bölgeye gelmesinin ardından Horasan bölgesi içerisinde yer alan Merv, Herat, Nîşâbur gibi şehirler neredeyse Bağdat kadar önemli birer Orta Çağ İslâm kentine dönüşmüşlerdi. Özellikle Büyük Selçuklu Devleti'nin kuruluş sürecinde Horasan bölgesi ekonomik, kültürel ve siyasi açıdan önemli bir ağırlık merkezi hâline geldi. Daha önceden yerleşik hayata geçmiş olan Horasan halkı İslâm'ın gelmesiyle birlikte temelde sosyal bir değişim yaşadı. Horasan bölgesi halkı sosyo-kültürel bakımdan ikinci bir değişim dalgasını Oğuzların (Türkmenlerin) bu bölgeyi ele geçirmesiyle yaşadı. Horasan bölgesinin siyasi açıdan ne derece önemli olduğu, bu bölgeye Çağrı Bey, Alparslan ve Sencer gibi önemli hanedan üyelerinin atanmasından anlaşılmaktadır. Coğra olarak bakıldığında Nîşâbur başta olmak üzere Merv, Tûs gibi bilim dünyasının önemli şehirlerini bünyesinde bulunduran Horasan bu bakımdan da ayrı bir öneme sahipti. Ekonomik olarak bakıldığında ise İpek Yolu'nun bir kısmının da bu bölgeden geçmesi Horasan'a yine önemli bir nitelik katmıştır.Khorasan is an important region where Islam spreaded throughout the Middle Ages. A profound movement of migration started to the ancient Khorasan region after Oghuz/Turkmen groups got acquinted with Islam especially starting from the X century. These groups had been living around the Caspian Sea and Transoxiana. These regions were under the the inuence of the Ghaznavids at that time. On one hand, the Qarakhanids, Samanids, on the other hand, Ghaznavids and Oguz Turkmens, the founders of the Seljukian Empire, tried to dominate the Khorasan region by following different strategies. After Islam came to the region during the Abbasid period, cities such as Bukhara and Samarkand, which are located in the Khorasan region, became important medieval Islamic cities almost as important as Baghdad. Especially during the foundation of the Great Seljuk Empire, the Khorasan region became an important economic, cultural and political center. The people of Khorasan, who had previously settled lifestyle, experienced a fundamental social change with the advent of Islam. The people of the Khorasan region experienced a second wave of socio-cultural change when the Oghuzs (Turkmen) conquered this region. The political importance of the Khorasan region is evident with the appointment of important dynasty members such as Chaghri Beg, Alparslan and Sanjar to this region. Geographically, another important aspect of Khorasan is being home to important cities of the scientic world such as Nishabur, Merv and Tus. From an economic point of view, the passage of a part of the Silk Road through this region has again added an important quality to Khorasan
The Evaluation According to Integrated Disaster Management of the Newspaper Headlines After the Düzce Earthquake
Get PDFDoğa kaynaklı afetler toplumların fiziksel, psikolojik, sosyo-ekonomik durumları üzerinde ciddi etkiler meydana getirmektedir. Ülkemiz de jeolojik konumu itibariyle depremler başta olmak üzere pek çok afete maruz kalmaktadır. Depremlerin yıkıcı etkilerinin azaltılması etkili ve bütünleşik bir afet yönetimi ile mümkün olabilmektedir. 1999 Marmara depremi sonrasında, risk azaltma evresinde yapılması gereken, planlama, zarar azaltma ve hazırlık konularında eksiklikler tespit edilmiştir. Kriz yönetimi anlayışıyla yönetilmeye çalışılan depremde pek çok koordinasyon ve iletişim sorunları yaşanmıştır. Bütünleşik afet yönetimi sistemi ile afet öncesi zarar azaltma ve hazırlık çalışmalarına ağırlık vermek elzemdir. Afetler öncesi halkın bilgilendirilmesi ve afetlere hazırlık konusunda bilinçlendirilmesi meydana gelen acil durumların afete dönüşmesini önlemeye yardımcı olacaktır. Medyanın da bilgilendirme ve bilinçlendirme konusunda önemi yadsınamaz. Medya yalnızca afetlerden sonra bilgilendirme olarak değil, afet öncesi bireylerin yapması gerekenleri de kapsayan bilinçlendirme çalışmalarına yer vermelidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı da 23 yıl sonra meydana gelen Düzce depreminin gazete manşetlerinde afet yönetimi süreçlerine göre nasıl ele alındığını ve süreçteki değişimi değerlendirmektir. Çalışmada 30 gazete ve bu gazetelerdeki 210 manşet değerlendirilmiş olup, 98 (%46,6) manşet Düzce depremi ile ilgili olduğu görülmüştür. Afet yönetimi süreçlerine göre 46 (%46,9) manşet risk azaltma evresine yönelik, 35 (%35,7) manşet de kriz yönetimi evresine yönelik olarak bulunmuştur.Natural disasters have critical effects on the physical, psychological and socio-economic conditions of societies. Due to its geological location, our country is exposed to many disasters, especially earthquakes. Reducing the destructive effects of earthquakes is possible with an effective and integrated disaster management. After the 1999 Marmara earthquake, deficiencies in planning, mitigation and preparation were identified, which should be done in the risk reduction phase. Many coordination and communication problems were experienced in the earthquake, which was tried to be managed with the understanding of crisis management. It is essential to focus on pre-disaster mitigation and preparedness studies with an integrated disaster management system. Informing the public before disasters and raising awareness about disaster preparedness will help prevent emergencies from turning into disasters. The importance of the media in informing and raising awareness is undeniable. The media should include awareness raising activities, which include not only information after disasters, but also what individuals should do before disasters. The aim of this study is to evaluate how the Düzce earthquake, which occurred 23 years later, was handled in newspaper headlines according to disaster management processes and the change in the process. In the study, 30 newspapers and 210 headlines in these newspapers were evaluated, and 98 (46.6%) headlines were related to the Düzce earthquake. According to disaster management processes, 46 (46.9%) headlines were found for the risk reduction phase, and 35 (35.7%) headlines were for the crisis management phase
Microanalytic evaluation of students’ self-regulated learning in flipped EFL instruction
No full textThe aim of this study is to examine the development of self-regulated learning (SRL) of university students in an EFL course via Flipped classroom through a novel measurement roadmap. Microanalytic techniques were used throughout the process rather than students’ perceptions at a given moment. SRL skills scores are reported as well as sample testimonies from students as qualitative data used to explain the analytic measures. The study was conducted with 12 students studying at a public university and lasted for 6 weeks. A new system FCMWEB is designed throughout to monitor online SRL development taking Zimmerman (2008) SRL model as a basis. While the forethought phase was monitored in the online sessions and the performance and self-reflection phase were associated with the face-to-face sessions. Records from FCMWEB as microanalytic, worksheet, observation notes and self-reflection form were used as data collection tools. During the study, the sub skills of forethought phase, self-reflection phase and performance phase are analyzed and validated through students’ perspectives. The developments in the skills of the forethought and self-reflection phases were between sufficient and advanced levels. The performance phase was mostly sufficient, but also included poor and advanced levels. The results provide implications for course designers and instructors who desire to provide a better flipped classroom experience in EFL for university students
InvestIgatIon of cyto-toxIcIty of an InnovatIve BIofactor Mta product In dIfferent huMan cells: a pIlot study
Get PDFMineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is one of the most popular and convenient material among current endodontic materials. In addition to MTA advantages, there are also features that need to be improved. Color stability and consistency are notorious concerns in MTA, and materials need improvement regarding theses aspects. There are companies, which work on these contents. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the cyto-toxicity of Biodentine, Angelus MTA, BIOfactor MTA on 3T3L-1 fibroblast, and Saos-2 osteosarcoma cell lines with different dilution of all products. Material and methods: 3T3-1 fibroblast was applied to stimulate pulp cells in cell viability test. In order to generate an osteoblastic cell-like model, only Saos-2 cells were used. MTT test was utilized to measure cell cytotoxicity in different dilution of all MTA products. SPSS package program was applied to perform Kruskal-Wallis, one-way ANOVA and two-way ANOVA tests. Results: According to results, while Biodentine, Angelus MTA and BIOfactor MTA showed cyto-toxic effects in 1: 1 and 1: 2 dilutions, they were not cyto-toxic in 1: 4 and 1: 8 dilutions. Conclusions: MTA products have similar cyto-toxicity. BIOfactor MTA has a cyto-toxic effect as other similar products
Thoracoscopic partial pericardiectomy for the treatment of pericardial effusion in dogs
Get PDFThoracoscopy is a minimally invasive imaging method used in the imaging of the thoracic cavity. In comparison with thoracotomy, thoracoscopy provides better visualization of even the smallest lesions localized in the thoracic cavity. With the use of thoracoscopy, the operation stress in the patient and tissue trauma are reduced, and operating time is shortened. The aim of this study was to evaluate 20 dogs with severe pericardial effusion, which manifested as severe circulation disorder and respiratory distress. The patients determined with pericardial effusion as a result of radiographic and echocardiographic examinations were applied with partial pericardiectomy to achieve permanent health and it was decided to apply this with the minimally invasive thoracoscopic method. The paraxiphoid-transdiaphragmatic approach was applied to the first ten patients and the intercostal approach to the latter. Applicability of thoracoscopic partial pericardiectomy, advantages compared to open surgery, differences between two approach techniques, disadvantages, complications, and success rates were evaluated. It was concluded that this procedure was a successful procedure for dogs and the transdiaphragmatic approach was more useful. In conclusion, thoracoscopic partial pericardiectomy was determined to be easy to apply and more advantageous than open thoracotomy operations