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Osajin from Maclura pomifera alleviates sepsis-induced liver injury in rats: biochemical, histopathological and immunohistochemical estimation
Get PDFThis paper aimed to examine the impact of flavonoid osajin (OSJ) on liver damage induced
by sepsis. A total of 30 male rats were divided into 5 groups (Sham, sepsis, OSJ 150, OSJ 300
and reference). During sepsis, elevated lipid peroxidation (LPO) level and catalase activity (CAT)
and decreased glutathione (GSH) level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were observed
in hepatic tissues of sepsis group in comparison with Sham group. A strong interleukin-33
and caspase-3 expressions were detected in hepatic tissues of sepsis group. On the contrary,
OSJ administration to OSJ 300 group showed a significant decrease (P < 0.001) in LPO level
(176±2.926) and significant increase (P < 0.001) in GSH level (10.586±0.083) and SOD activity
(29.152±0.094) in comparison with sepsis group (185.777±1.735, 8.246±0.124, 24.307±0.379
respectively). In addition, the consumption of OSJ reduced expressions of interleukin-33 and
caspase-3 and improved histopathological integrity. In conclusions, OSJ has hepatoprotective
effect against sepsis-induced liver injury
Effect of Auricular Acupressure in Management of Constipation in Palliative Care Patients
No full textObjectives: This experimental randomized-controlled study was performed to define the efficacy of auricular acupressure (AA) in the management of constipation developing in palliative care patients. Methods: According to the pre-prepared randomization list, 44 patients were included in the experimental group and 46 patients were included in the control group. Routine clinical treatment and care implementation were maintained in the patients in both groups. AA was performed for 4 weeks in patients in the experimental group. During the study, to determine the complaints of the patients regarding constipation, the information in the daily patient chart was examined at least 5 times by interviewing with the patient/patient's relative in the clinic and/or via phone call, and the results were recorded in the patient chart and data collection forms. The independent variable of the study is AA application, and the dependent variables are constipation and quality of life. Results: It was determined that there was no statistically significant difference between the daily defecation frequency of the 2 groups during the first 11 days. However, after the 12th day, the daily stool frequency of the experimental group was higher compared to the control group and this difference obtained between the 2 groups was statistically significantly different. AA was effective in decreasing laxative use. Conclusion: This intervention increased stool frequency, reduced physical and psychosocial symptoms, anxieties, and improved stool satisfaction and it was an effective approach to improving the quality of life. It is recommended that the daily use of AA should be evaluated. The healthcare providers including nurses, patients, and patient relatives should be trained regarding AA
Multi-task learning for arousal and sleep stage detection using fully convolutional networks
No full textObjective: Sleep is a critical physiological process that plays a vital role in maintaining physical and mental health. Accurate detection of arousals and sleep stages is essential for the diagnosis of sleep disorders, as frequent and excessive occurrences of arousals disrupt sleep stage patterns and lead to poor sleep quality, negatively impacting physical and mental health. Polysomnography is a traditional method for arousal and sleep stage detection that is time-consuming and prone to high variability among experts.
Approach: In this paper, we propose a novel multi-task learning approach for arousal and sleep stage detection using fully convolutional neural networks. Our model, FullSleepNet, accepts a full-night single-channel EEG signal as input and produces segmentation masks for arousal and sleep stage labels. FullSleepNet comprises four modules: a convolutional module to extract local features, a recurrent module to capture long-range dependencies, an attention mechanism to focus on relevant parts of the input, and a segmentation module to output final predictions.
Main results: By unifying the two interrelated tasks as segmentation problems and employing a multi-task learning approach, FullSleepNet achieves state-of-the-art performance for arousal detection with an area under the precision-recall curve of 0.70 on Sleep Heart Health Study and Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis datasets. For sleep stage classification, FullSleepNet obtains comparable performance on both datasets, achieving an accuracy of 0.88 and an F1-score of 0.80 on the former and an accuracy of 0.83 and an F1-score of 0.76 on the latter.
Significance: Our results demonstrate that FullSleepNet offers improved practicality, efficiency, and accuracy for the detection of arousal and classification of sleep stages using raw EEG signals as input
Investigation of the adsorption and inhibition properties of 2-amino-1, 3, 5-triazine-4, 6-dithiol (2-atd) against corrosion in hydrochloric acid solution on mild steel
No full text2-Amino-1,3,5-Triazine-4,6-Dithiol (2-ATD) 'in 0,5 M HCl çözeltisi içindeki yumuşak çelik korozyonuna etkisi, farklı konsantrasyon ve sıcaklık değerlerinde deneyler yapılarak araştırılmıştır. Araştırmada potansiyodinamik polarizasyon, elektrokimyasal impedans spektroskopisi (EIS) ve lineer polarizasyon direnci (LRP) tekniklerinden yararlanılarak elde edilen veriler değerlendirilmiştir. Derişim arttıkça inhibisyon etkinliğinin arttığı ancak sıcaklığın artmasıyla inhibisyon etkinliğinin azaldığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca 120 saat boyunca ayrı ayrı hem inhibitörlü hem de inhibitörsüz ortamda bekletilen yumuşak çeliğin yüzey morfolojisi için taramalı elektron mikroskobu, atomik kuvvet mikroskobu ve enerji dağılımlı X- ışını spektroskopisi yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Potansiyodinamik polarizasyon verileri, deneylerde kullanılan organik inhibitörün hem anodik hem de katodik bölgelerdeki reaksiyonlara etki etmesi sebebiyle karma bir inhibitör olarak tanımlanmıştır. Yumuşak çelik yüzeyine iyi tutunarak korozyon hızını ciddi anlamda azaltan 2-ATD'nin yüzey adsorpsiyon ölçümlerinin Langmuir izotermine uygun olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca deneyle ilgili Kads, ?G0ads gibi termodinamik değişkenler hesaplanarak tartışılmıştır.The effect of 2-Amino-1,3,5-Triazine-4,6-Dithiol (2-ATD) on mild steel corrosion in 0.5 M HCl solution was investigated by conducting experiments at different concentration and temperature values. In the research, the data obtained by using potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and linear polarization resistance (LRP) techniques were evaluated. It has been observed that the inhibitory efficiency increases as the concentration increases, but the inhibitory efficiency decreases with increasing temperature. In addition, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy methods were used for the surface morphology of mild steel, which was kept separately in both inhibitory and non-inhibitory environments for 120 hours. Potentiodynamic polarization data have been described as a mixed inhibitor due to the fact that the organic inhibitor used in the experiments affects the reactions in both anodic and cathodic regions. It has been found that the surface adsorption measurements of 2-ATD, which significantly reduces the corrosion rate by holding onto the mild steel surface well, are in accordance with the Langmuir isotherm. In addition, thermodynamic variables related to the experiment, such as Kads, ?G0ads, were calculated and discussed
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles based on the Raphanus sativus leaf aqueous extract and their toxicological/microbiological activities
No full textSilver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have several uses. Many scientists are working on producing AgNPs from plant extracts for
use as biomedicines against drug-resistant bacteria and malignant cell lines. In the current study, plant-based AgNPs were
synthesized using Raphanus sativus L. (RS) leaf aqua extract. Diferent concentrations of AgNO3 were used to optimize the
synthesis process of RS-AgNPs from the aqueous leaf extract. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), and UV–vis spectroscopy
were used to analyze the generated materials. Furthermore, to evaluate the biological properties of the obtained materials,
Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Escherichia coli
(E. coli), and Candida albicans (C. albicans) pathogen strains were used for the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)
assays. Subsequently, healthy cell lines (human dermal fbroblast (HDF)) and cancerous cell lines (glioma/U118, Ovarian/
Skov-3, and colorectal adenocarcinoma/CaCo-2) were engaged to determine the cytotoxic efects of the synthesized NPs.
The cytotoxic and anti-pathogenic potential of AgNPs synthesized by the proposed green approach was investigated. The
results were encouraging compared to the standards and other controls. Plant-based AgNPs were found to be potential therapeutic agents against the human colon cancer cell (CaCo-2) and showed strong inhibitory activity on Candida albicans and
Staphylococcus aureus growth. The RS-AgNPs generated have highly efective antimicrobial properties against pathogenic
bacteria. Our fndings also show that green RS-AgNPs are more cytotoxic against cancerous cell lines than normal cell lines.
Synthesized nanoparticles with desirable morphology and ease of preparation are thought to be promising materials for
antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and catalytic applications
Effect of individual psychoeducation for primary caregivers of children with autism on internalized stigma and care burden: a randomized controlled trial
No full textThis study aims to determine the effects of a six-week individual psychoeducation program provided to primary caregivers of children with autism on stigma and care burden. The study was conducted with 88 primary caregivers (experimental group n ¼ 45, control group n ¼ 43) of children diagnosed with autism. The
study, prepared in an experimental design with a pretest, posttest, and control group, was performed
between 17 June 2021 and 17 January 2022. In the study, a six-week individual psychoeducation was given
to the experimental group. Study data were collected using a personal information form, the Internalized
Stigma of Parents in Mental Illness Scale (ISPMIS), and the Caregiver Burden Scale (CBS).The mean pretest
ISPMIS total score of the experimental group was X ¼105.756 and the posttest total score after the psychoeducation was X¼66.489,which was a significant decrease (t ¼ 25.571; p < 0.05). The mean CBS pretest
total score of the experimental group was X¼61.067 and the posttest total score was X¼31.667, which was
a significant decrease (t ¼ 17.499;p < 0.05). The study revealed that the six-week individual psycho education
provided to primary caregivers of children with autism decreased the participants’ internalized stigma and
perceived care burden
Intentions to Return and Migrate to the Third Countries: A Socio-Demographic Investigation Among Syrians in Turkey
No full textTurkey hosts the highest number of Syrians in the world. While some of them
intend to migrate to Western countries, others intend to return to their homeland.
In a cross-sectional study, we examined several socio-demographic associates with
their migration intentions (N=358). Results revealed that their intentions to migrate
were related to factors such as gender, living in the East or West in the host country, employment status, the language spoken at home, owning a property in the host
country, accommodation conditions (living in a camp, staying with relatives, e.g.),
and education level. Moreover, the strongest correlates of intention to return were
years spent in Turkey, perceived threat in Syria, the number of children, and age.
Finally, the strongest correlates for intentions to migrate to Western countries were
Turkish speaking level, the number of children, and family income. We discuss the
fndings in relation to the integration paradox hypothesis
The relationship between power and political violence in Hannah Arendt's political thought
No full textHannah Arendt, Hitler Almanya'sında yaşamış bir Yahudi olarak şiddetin gerçek yüzünü yaşamıştır. Bu nedenle şiddeti meşru görmesi mümkün değildir. Arendt'in felsefesi karşılıklı saygıya ve herkesin kendini ifade edebileceği özgür ortamlara dayanan bir zeminde gelişmiştir. Dolayısıyla Antik Yunan siyasal yaşantısı Arendt'in özlem duyduğu bir temeldir. Çünkü orada insanlar konuşarak ve eylemde bulunarak kendini ifade edebiliyorlardı. Nitekim Arendt şiddeti konuşma güçsüzlüğü olarak tanımlayacak ve ona göre şiddet dilsizdir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Hannah Arendt'in şiddet kavramsallaştırmasından yola çıkarak şiddetin iktidar ve siyasalla olan ilişkisini ele alıp çözümlemektir. Şiddet teması, tarihsel anlamda güncelliğini korumakla birlikte siyasal alanla olan ilişkisi hep tartışma konusu olmuştur. Arendt de şiddet temasını şiddet-iktidar, şiddet-otorite, şiddet-savaş gibi temalar üzerinden karşılaştırmalı olarak ele alır. Çünkü şiddet, modern dünyada normal bir olgu olarak kabul edildiği için kitle toplumlarının oluşmasına neden olmuştur. Bu anlamda şiddet yaşamın gerçekleri gibi algılanır. Bütün bunlar bağlamında Arendt'in felsefi görüşleri temel alınarak siyasal iktidarın şiddeti tekeline alıp meşrulaştırmaya çalışması incelenecektir.As a Jew who lived in Hitler's Germany, Hannah Arendt experienced the real face of violence. Therefore, it is not possible for her to see violence as legitimate. Arendt's philosophy has developed on a ground that is based on mutual respect and free environments where everyone can express themselves. Therefore, Ancient Greek political life is a foundation that Arendt longs for. Because there, people could express themselves by talking and taking action. As a matter of fact, Arendt will define violence as speech weakness and according to her, violence is voiceless. The purpose of this study is to contextualize and analyse the relationship of violence with power and politics by starting from Hannah Arendt's conceptualization of violence. Although the theme of violence remains historically up-to-date, its relationship with the political sphere has always been the subject of debate. Arendt also discusses the theme of violence on the themes such as violence-power, violence-authority, violence-war. Because, violence has been accepted as a normal phenomenon in the modern world, it has caused formation of mass societies. In this sense, violence is perceived as the realities of life. In this context, political power's monopolization and legitimization of the violence will be examined, by grounding on Arendt's philosophical views
Clinical features of generalized lipodystrophy in Turkey: a cohort analysis
Get PDFAim: To describe the Turkish generalized lipodystrophy (GL) cohort with the frequency of each complication and the death rate during the period of the follow-up.
Methods: This study reports on 72 patients with GL (47 families) registered at different centres in Turkey that cover all regions of the country. The mean ± SD follow-up was 86 ± 78 months.
Results: The Kaplan-Meier estimate of the median time to diagnosis of diabetes and/or prediabetes was 16 years. Hyperglycaemia was not controlled in 37 of 45 patients (82.2%) with diabetes. Hypertriglyceridaemia developed in 65 patients (90.3%). The Kaplan-Meier estimate of the median time to diagnosis of hypertriglyceridaemia was 14 years. Hypertriglyceridaemia was severe (≥ 500 mg/dl) in 38 patients (52.8%). Seven (9.7%) patients suffered from pancreatitis. The Kaplan-Meier estimate of the median time to diagnosis of hepatic steatosis was 15 years. Liver disease progressed to cirrhosis in nine patients (12.5%). Liver disease was more severe in congenital lipodystrophy type 2 (CGL2). Proteinuric chronic kidney disease (CKD) developed in 32 patients (44.4%) and cardiac disease in 23 patients (31.9%). Kaplan-Meier estimates of the median time to diagnosis of CKD and cardiac disease were 25 and 45 years, respectively. Females appeared to have a more severe metabolic disease, with an earlier onset of metabolic abnormalities. Ten patients died during the follow-up period. Causes of death were end-stage renal disease, sepsis (because of recurrent intestinal perforations, coronavirus disease, diabetic foot infection and following coronary artery bypass graft surgery), myocardial infarction, heart failure because of dilated cardiomyopathy, stroke, liver complications and angiosarcoma.
Conclusions: Standard treatment approaches have only a limited impact and do not prevent the development of severe metabolic abnormalities and early onset of organ complications in GL
Investigation of high school students' levels of benefiting from school counseling service
No full textBu araştırmanın amacı, ortaöğretim kademesinde bulunan öğrencilerin okul rehberlik ve psikolojik danışmanlık servislerinden yararlanma düzeylerini incelemektir. Çalışma nicel ve nitel araştırma verilerinin birlikte toplandığı karma yöntemli bir araştırmadır. Araştırmanın nicel verileri Siirt ili Merkez ilçesinde ortaöğretim kademesinde öğrenim görmekte olan 380'i erkek (%56), 293'u kadın (%44) toplam 673 öğrenciden toplanmıştır. Nitel araştırma kapsamında ise 19'u erkek (%25), 58'i kadın (%75) olmak üzere toplam 77 kişiden veri toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın nicel kısmında veri toplama aracı olarak; "Kişisel Bilgi Formu" ve Oran (2013) tarafından geliştirilen "Öğrenci Anketi" kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen nicel verilerin istatistiksel çözümlenmesinde frekans, yüzde, aritmetik ortalama, bağımsız gruplar için t- testi ve tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre öğrencilerin PDR servisinden yararlanma alt boyutlarına göre en çok katılım gösterdikleri alt boyut "PDR servisini ihtiyaç olarak görme"; en az katılım gösterdikleri ise "PDR servisine çevreden çekinmeden kendi istekleriyle gitme" alt boyutudur. Cinsiyet değişkenine göre bir alt boyut da anlamlı fark tespit edilirken; okul türü değişkenine göre tüm alt boyutlarda anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmiştir. Sınıf düzeyine göre ise herhangi bir anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmemiştir. Çalışmanın nitel verileri yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formları aracılığıyla toplanmış ve içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin görüşme formuna verdikleri cevaplara göre; öğrencilerin büyük çoğunluğunun rehberlik servisinden yararlandığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Öğrencilerin yararlandıkları alanların başında eğitsel rehberlik hizmetlerinin bulunduğu belirlenmiştir ve yararlandıkları hizmetlerin, yaşadıkları sorunları çözmelerine yardımcı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Okullarda rehberlik servisinin bulunmasının öğrencilere eğitsel, sosyal ve mesleki konularda destek sağladığı belirlenmiştir. Rehberlik servisinin kişisel gelişim alanında ve hedefledikleri iş/meslek açısından da destek sağladığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.The aim of this research is to examine the level of utilization of secondary school students from school guidance and psychological counseling services. The study is a mixed method research in which quantitative and qualitative research data are collected together. The quantitative data of the research were collected from a total of 673 students, 380 of whom are male (56%) and 293 of whom are female (44%), who are studying at secondary level in the central district of Siirt province. Within the scope of the qualitative research, data were collected from a total of 77 people, 19 of whom were men (25%) and 58 of whom were women (75%). In the quantitative part of the research, "Personal Information Form" and "Student Questionnaire" developed by Oran (2013) were used as data collection tools. Frequency, percentage, arithmetic mean were used in the statistical analysis of the quantitative data obtained in the research. T-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for independent groups. According to the research findings, the sub-dimension in which students participate the most according to the sub-dimensions of using the PDR service is "accepting the PDR service as a need"; and the sub-dimension in which they participate the least is "to go to PDR service voluntarily without being afraid of the environment". While a significant difference was found in one sub-dimension according to the gender variable; a significant difference was found in all sub-dimensions according to the school type variable. No significant differences were found according to the grade level. The qualitative data of the study were collected through semi-structured interview forms and subjected to content analysis. According to the responds of the students who participated in the research to the interview form; it was concluded that the vast majority of students benefit from the guidance service. It has been determined that educational guidance services are the primary areas that students benefit from, and it has been determined that the services they benefit from help them solve the problems they are experiencing. It has been determined that the availability of guidance services in schools provides support to students in educational, social and professional issues. It has been concluded that the guidance service also provides support in the field of personal development and in terms of the job/profession they are aiming for