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A study on national film centres from the perspective of institutionalization of cinema and an example for Turkey
No full textBu çalışmada dünyada birçok örneği bulunan ulusal film merkezleri, sinemanın kurumsallaşması perspektifinde ele alınmıştır. Dünyada ulusal sinema ve kültürel belleğin korunması ve kuşaklar boyu erişilebilir kılma problemini çözmek amacıyla kurumlar oluşturulmuştur. Bu kurumlar arasında en önemlileri, ulusal film/sinema merkezleridir. Kültürel belleğin önemli nüvelerinden biri olan ulusal sinemanın topluma, sinema profesyonellerine, araştırmacılara ve sanat dünyasına daha ulaşılabilir olması gerekmektedir. Türkiye'de sinemanın kurumsallaşma çabaları 1900'lü yılların başlarına uzansa da bu faaliyetler büyük ölçüde yarıda kalmış, dünyadaki örneklerine benzer bir ulusal film/sinema merkezi faaliyete geçirilememiştir. Türk sinemasında çok sayıda filmin kayıp olmasının da nedeni budur. Değil sinemamızın ilk yılları 1990'lı yıllarda çekilen bazı filmlerin dahi kayıp olması kültür tarihimiz açısında önemli bir eksikliktir. Bu eksiklikten hareket eden bu çalışmada, dünyada birçok örneği bulunan ulusal film merkezleri, sinemanın kurumsallaşması perspektifinde incelenmiş ve Türkiye için model önerisinde bulunulmuştur.In this thesis, national film centers, which have many examples in the world, are discussed from the perspective of the institutionalization of moving pictures. Institutions have been established all around the world to solve the problem of national cinema, the preservation of cultural heritage, and its accessibility through generations. The most important of these institutions are national film/moving picture centers. National cinema, which is one of the important cores of cultural memory, needs to be more accessible to society, cinema professionals, researchers, and the art world. In this study, national film centers, which have many examples in the world, are discussed from the perspective of the institutionalization of moving pictures, and a model proposal for Turkey is made. Although the institutionalization efforts of cinema in Turkey date back to the early 1900s, these activities were largely interrupted, and a national film/cinema center similar to the examples in the world could not be put into operation. This is the reason why so many films are missing in Turkish cinema. Not only the first years of our cinema, the loss of some films shot in the 1990s is an important shortcoming in terms of our cultural history. Starting from this shortcoming, in this study, national film centers, which have many examples in the world, were examined in the perspective of institutionalization of cinema and a model proposal was made for Turkey
Shared Biological Pathways and Processes in Patients with Intellectual Disability: A Multicenter Study
No full textBackground: Although the underlying genetic causes of intellectual disability (ID) continue to be rapidly identified, the biological pathways and processes that could be targets for a potential molecular therapy are not yet known. This study aimed to identify ID-related shared pathways and processes utilizing enrichment analyses.
Methods: In this multicenter study, causative genes of patients with ID were used as input for Disease Ontology (DO), Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis.
Results: Genetic test results of 720 patients from 27 centers were obtained. Patients with chromosomal deletion/duplication, non-ID genes, novel genes, and results with changes in more than one gene were excluded. A total of 558 patients with 341 different causative genes were included in the study. Pathway-based enrichment analysis of the ID-related genes via ClusterProfiler revealed 18 shared pathways, with lysine degradation and nicotine addiction being the most common. The most common of the 25 overrepresented DO terms was ID. The most frequently overrepresented GO biological process, cellular component, and molecular function terms were regulation of membrane potential, ion channel complex, and voltage-gated ion channel activity/voltage-gated channel activity, respectively.
Conclusion: Lysine degradation, nicotine addiction, and thyroid hormone signaling pathways are well-suited to be research areas for the discovery of new targeted therapies in ID patients
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Derived from Papaver rhoeas L. Leaf Extract: Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Properties
Get PDFThe authors are thankful to Mardin Artuklu University and Dicle University for moral support.In the last few decades, the search for metal nanoparticles as an alternative to cancer treatments and antibiotics has increased. In this article, the spectroscopic (ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis), electron-dispersing X-ray (EDX), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR)), microscopic (field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and atomic force microscope (AFM)), structural (X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and zetasizer), and analytic (thermogravimetric/differential thermal analyzer (TGA-DTA)) characterization of the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) produced from Papaver rhoeas (PR) L. leaf extract are presented. PR-AgNPs are generally spherical and have a maximum surface plasmon resonance of 464.03 nm. The dimensions of the manufactured nanomaterial are in the range of 1.47-7.31 nm. PR-AgNPs have high thermal stability and a zeta potential of 36.1 mV. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values (mg L-1) of PR-AgNPs on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans are 1.50, 0.75, 3.00, 6.00, and 0.37, respectively. In the study, the cytotoxic and proliferative effects of PR-AgNPs using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) method on various cancer cell lines (CACO-2 (human colon adenocarcinoma cell), MCF-7 (human breast cancer cell), T98-G (glioblastoma multiforme cell), and healthy HUVEC (human umbilical vein endothelial cell)) cell lines are presented. After 24 and 48 h of the application, the half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) values (mu g mL(-1)) of PR-AgNPs on HUVEC, CACO-2, MCF-7, and T98-G lines are 2.365 and 2.380; 2.526 and 2.521; 3.274 and 3.318; 3.472 and 3.526, respectively. Comprehensive in vivo research of PR-AgNPs is proposed to reveal their potential for usage in sectors such as nanomedicine and nanochemistry
Adsorption of nickel(II) ions from aqueous solutions using Malatya clay: Equilibrium, kinetic, and thermodynamic studies
No full textThis paper evaluates Malatya clay (MC) for the removal of Ni(II) ions from aqueous
solutions. For adsorption efficiency, the impacts of several factors, such as pH, starting
metal ion concentration, and contact duration, were examined. The optimal initial
Ni(II) ion concentration was determined to be 5 mg/L, the adsorption contact duration
was 360 min, and the solution's pH was 6.27. Using scanning electron microscopy,
energy dispersive spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, the surface characteristics of Malatya clay were examined. The isotherm data fit the Langmuir
isotherm model, indicating chemical adsorption and likely irreversibility of the process,
according to the results. At 298, 308, and 318 K, the adsorption capacities of
Ni(II) were determined to be 10.267, 11.834, and 12.285 mg/g, respectively. Adsorption kinetic data revealed that the adsorption of Ni(II) metal ions followed the pseudosecond-order kinetic model. According to thermodynamic studies, Ni(II) ion adsorption
on the MC is spontaneous and endothermic. MC has proven to be an effective and
alternative material for the removal of Ni(II) ions from aqueous media due to its excellent removal ability, availability, and low cost, as well as its features such as being able
to be used without any chemical treatment and being environmentally friendly
Aging and cardiac implantable electronic device complications: is the procedure safe in older patients?
No full textBackground: In this study, we investigated whether there is a higher incidence of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) procedures related complications in older (≥ 75 years) than in younger (< 75 years) patients.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study enrolled patients who had undergone CIED procedures (de novo implantation, system upgrade, generator substitution, pocket revision or lead replacement) at two heart centers in Turkey between January 2011 and May 2023. The primary composite endpoint included clinically significant hematoma (CSH), pericardial effusion or tamponade, pneumothorax, and infection related to the device system. Secondary outcomes included each component of the composite end point.
Results: The overall sample included 1923 patients (1419 < 75 years and 504 aged ≥ 75 years). There was no difference between the groups in terms of cumulative events defined as primary outcome (3.5% vs. 4.4%, p = 0.393). Infection related to device system was significantly higher in the ≥ 75 age group (1.8% vs. 3.4%, p = 0.034). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of clinically significant hematoma and pneumothorax (0.7% vs. 0.4%, p = 0.451, 1.4% vs. 1.0%, p = 0.477, respectively). In multivariate model analysis, no association was found between age ≥ 75 years and infection related to the device system.
Conclusion: Infection rates were relatively higher in the patient group aged ≥ 75 years. This patient group should be evaluated more carefully in terms of infection development before and after the procedure
Evaluation and management of neonatal onset hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia: a single neonatal center experience
Get PDFObjectives: To evaluate the clinical characteristics and treatment options of neonates requiring prolonged hospitalization due to persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (HH).
Methods: This retrospective cohort study included infants >34 weeks of gestation at birth who were born in our hospital between 2018 and 2021, diagnosed with HH, and required diazoxide within the first 28 days of life. The baseline clinical characteristics, age at the time of diagnosis and treatment options in diazoxide resistance cases were recorded. Genetic mutation analysis, if performed, was also included.
Results: A total of 32 infants diagnosed with neonatal HH were followed up. Among the cohort, 25 infants were classified as having transient form of HH and seven infants were classified as having congenital hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (CHI). Thirty-one percent of the infants had no risk factors. The median birth weight was significantly higher in the CHI group, whereas no differences were found in other baseline characteristics. Patients diagnosed with CHI required higher glucose infusion rate, higher doses, and longer duration of diazoxide treatment than those in the transient HH group. Eight patients were resistant to diazoxide, and six of them required treatment with octreotide and finally sirolimus. Sirolimus prevented the need of pancreatectomy in five of six patients without causing major side effects. Homozygous mutations in the ABCC8 gene were found in four patients with CHI.
Conclusions: The risk of persistent neonatal hyperinsulinism should be considered in hypoglycemic neonates particularly located in regions with high rates of consanguinity. Our study demonstrated sirolimus as an effective treatment option in avoiding pancreatectomy in severe cases
Evaluation of Hematological Parameters After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
No full textAlthough transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is safe and effective, mortality and bleeding events post procedure are important. The present study investigated the changes in hematologic parameters to evaluate whether they predict mortality or major bleeding. We enrolled 248 consecutive patients (44.8% male; mean age 79.0 ± 6.4 years) undergoing TAVR. In addition to demographic and clinical examination, blood parameters were recorded before TAVR, at discharge, 1 month and 1 year. Hemoglobin levels before TAVR 12.1 ± 1.8 g/dL, 10.8 ± 1.7 g/dL at discharge, 11.7 ± 1.7 g/dL at first month, 11.8 ± 1.4 g/dL at first year (Hemoglobin values compared with pre-TAVR, P < .001, P = .019, P = .047, respectively). Mean platelet volume (MPV) before TAVR 8.72 ± 1.71 fL, 8.16 ± 1.46 fL at discharge, 8.09 ± 1.44 fL at first month, 7.94 ± 1.18 fL at first year (MPV values compared with pre-TAVR, P < .001, P < .001, P < .001, respectively). Other hematologic parameters were also evaluated. Hemoglobin, platelet count, MPV, and red cell distribution width before the procedure, at discharge, and at the first year did not predict mortality and major bleeding in receiver operating characteristic analysis. After multivariate Cox regression analysis, hematologic parameters were not independent predictors of in-hospital mortality, major bleeding, and death at 1 year after TAVR
Experiencing Cultural Heritage Through Gamification: Mardin orphanage
Get PDFThis paper presents early-stage research about the role of gamification in experiencing cultural heritage strongly within the sociological context, specifically focusing on the transformation of the old orphanage located in the historical city center of Mardin. The study acknowledges the significance of the old orphanage as an architectural heritage exemplar, built of natural Mardin stone, situated within a unique historical and archaeological urban environment. However, it recognizes the challenges of preserving the building's heritage value, which necessitate surpassing the superficial restoration methods applied to adapt it into a hotel. The primary motivation of this research is to develop a method for creating a navigable and interactive virtual replica of the orphanage, centering on the processes and outcomes of transferring its heritage value. To achieve this, the paper initially outlines the documentation and analysis procedures employed, utilizing photogrammetry to capture the past and current states of the orphanage. Subsequently, participants engage with a gamified and realistic digital replica of the orphanage, involving task-based interactions and scenario-based experiences. The paper concludes by presenting preliminary results concerning participant reactions to the initial virtual model, delivered through a VR device. By raising awareness about the significance of restoring and preserving historical heritage, this study aims to positively impact the domains of tourism, education, and conservation. Furthermore, it intends to shed light on future research opportunities in the field of digital cultural heritage.International Technological Universit
Poets of the period of ignorance Haris b. Hillize and him Muallakası
No full textArap edebiyatı söylenildiği vakit zihne ilk gelen şey Arap şiiridir. Câhiliye dönemi Arap şiirinin zirve yaptığı dönemdir. Hiç şüpesiz bu dönemin gözde eserleri Muallakat'ı-Seb'a olarak bilinen ''Yedi Askı'' şiirleridir. Bu gözde eserlerin şairleri Arap şiirinin usta şairleridir. Muallaka müelliflerinden biri olan Hâris b. Hillize, Arap şiirinde medih, kahramanlık ve hiciv mevzulu şiirlerde önde gelen şairlerdendir. Kabilesini Benî Tağlib kabilesine karşı Hire hükümdarı 'Amr b. Hind'in huzurunda kahramanca savunduğu esnada okuduğu muallakası hükümdarın takdirine mazhar olmuştur. Hâris'in muallakası Câhiliye dönemindeki Arap savaşlarına dair bilgiler, yer adlarıyla nadir kullanılan garip kelimeler yanında ustaca kullanılmış edebi sanatlar ve ince tasvirler ihtiva etmesi sebebiyle hem tarihi hem de edebi bir değer arzetmektedir. Bu çalışmada ''Câhiliye'' kelimesinin mana ve menşei, şair ve şiir konuları, muallaka ve cahiliye şiirinin genel özellikleri, şairin hayatı, edebi kişiliğinin yanında, şairin muallakada ele aldığı konular ve muallakasının şekil yönünden özellikleri de anlatılarak çalışma tamamlanmıştır.When it comes to Arabic literature, the first thing that comes to mind is Arabic poetry. The Old Arab Period was the peak of Arabic poetry. Undoubtedly, the favorite works of this period are the poems of "Seven Hangers" known as Muallakat'ı-Sebe. The poets of these favorite works are the master poets of Arabic poetry. Hâris b. Hillîze, one of the authors of the master of poetry Muallaka, is one of the pioneer poets in Arabic poetry on medih, praise, heroism and satire. The muallaqa he read while heroically defending his tribe against the Bani Taghlib Tribe in the presence of the Hira Ruler 'Amr b. Hindi' was appreciated by the Ruler. The information about the Arab wars in the period of Hârisi'n Muallakası Ignorance has both historical and literary value because it contains skillfully used literary arts and fine descriptions as well as strange words rarely used with place names. In this study, the meaning and origin of the word "Ignorance", poet and poetry issues, general characteristics of muallaka and ignorant poetry, the life of the poet, besides his literary personality, the issues that the poet deals with in the muallaqa and the features of his muallaka in terms of form are also explained and the study is completed
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles mediated Diospyros kaki L. (Persimmon): determination of chemical composition and evaluation of their antimicrobials and anticancer activities
Get PDFThe eco-friendly synthesis of metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) using biological materials is an encouraging and innovativeness approach to nanotechnology. Among other synthesizing methods, biological methods are chosen because of their high efficiency and purity in many aspects. In this work, using the aqueous extract obtained from the green leaves of the D. kaki L. (DK); silver nanoparticles were synthesized in a short time and simply with an eco-friendly approach. The properties of the synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were characterized using various techniques and measurements. In the characterization data of AgNPs, Maximum absorbance at 453.34 nm wavelengths, the average size distribution of 27.12 nm, the surface charge of -22.4 mV, and spherical appearance were observed. LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis was used to assess the compound composition of D. kaki leaf extract. The chemical profiling of the crude extract of D. kaki leaves revealed the presence of a variety of phytochemicals, predominantly phenolics, resulting in the identification of five major high-feature compounds: two major phenolic acids (Chlorogenic acid and Cynarin), and tree flavonol glucosides (hyperoside, quercetin-3-glucoside, and quercetin-3- D-xyloside). The components with the highest concentrations were cynarin, chlorogenic acid, quercetin-3- D-xyloside, hyperoside, and quercetin-3-glucoside, respectively. Antimicrobial results were determined by a MIC assay. The biosynthesized AgNPs exhibited strong antibacterial activity against the human and food pathogen Gram (+ and -) bacteria and good antifungal activity against pathogenic yeast. It was determined that 0.03-0.050 μg/mL concentrations ranges of DK-AgNPs were growth suppressive concentrations on all pathogen microorganisms. The MTT technique was used to study the cytotoxic effects of produced AgNPs on cancer cell lines (Glioblastoma (U118), Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma (Caco-2), Human Ovarian Sarcoma (Skov-3) cancer cell lines, and Human Dermal Fibroblast (HDF) healthy cell line). It has been observed that they have a suppressive effect on the proliferation of cancerous cell lines. After 48 h of treatment with Ag-NPs, the DK-AgNPs were found to be extremely cytotoxic to the CaCo-2 cell line, inhibiting cell viability by up to 59.49% at a concentration of 50 g mL-1. It was found that the viability was inversely related to the DK-AgNP concentration. The biosynthesized AgNPs had dose-dependent anticancer efficacy. Because of the high concentration of bioactive chemicals in Diospyros kaki, it may be employed as a biological resource in medicinal applications. DK-AgNPs were shown to be an effective antibacterial agent as well as a prospective anticancer agent. The results provide a potential approach for the biogenic production of DK-AgNPs utilizing D. kaki aqueous leaf extract