Repositorio Institucional INIA (Inst. Nacional de Innovacion Agraria)
Not a member yet
2843 research outputs found
Sort by
Challenges of organic amendments: Impact of vermicompost leachate and biochar on popcorn maize in saline soil
No full textOrganic amendments offer a sustainable strategy to enhance soil quality in degraded environments, while also contribute to reducing greenhouse gas generation and implementing a green economy. This study evaluated the comparative effects of two organic amendments— vermicompost leachate and biochar—on the performance of Popcorn maize (Zea mays L. var. everta) grown under saline soil conditions. Four treatments were tested: T0 (Control), T1 (Vermicompost leachate), T2 (Biochar), and T3 (Vermicompost leachate + Biochar), each with 10 replicates arranged in a Completely Random Design (CRD). Although several soil physicochemical, microbiological, and agronomic parameters showed no significant differences compared to the control, biochar application led to notable improvements in soil total organic carbon, microbial community (mesophilic aerobes bacteria, molds, and yeasts), and increased seed length and diameter. In contrast, vermicompost leachate alone had a detrimental effect on plant growth, including reduced leaf area, stem thickness, and grain yield. Notably, grain yield declined by 46% with leachate alone and by 31% when combined with biochar, compared to the control. These results highlight the superior performance of biochar over vermicompost leachate as a soil amendment under saline conditions and underscore the potential risks of broadly applying compost teas in stressed soils. Site-specific assessments and screening for phytotoxins and phytopathogens are recommended before use. Furthermore, the combined use of leachate and biochar may not be advisable under the tested soil characteristics.This research was funded by the INIA project “Mejoramiento de los servicios de investigación y transferencia tecnológica en el manejo y recuperación de suelos agrícolas degradados y aguas para riego en la pequeña y mediana agricultura en los departamentos de Lima, Áncash, San Martín, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Junín, Ayacucho, Arequipa, Puno y Ucayali”with grant number CUI N◦ 2487112
Implementation status on institutional CRIS/RIM systems in Peru: Integration between the national peruCRIS and institutional CRIS systems
No full textExtended abstract to be presented at the Spring 2025 euroCRIS membership meeting in LeuvenIn South America, most digital platforms are institutional and research repositories, according to The Registry of Open Access Repositories. In Peru, the use of digital repositories is primarily associated with universities and research institutions, mainly operating under DSpace software. The implementation of Research Information Management (RIM) systems or Current Research Information Systems (CRIS) projects implies an opportunity for digital next generation repositories. This study aims to provide an initial overview and status of 31 cases of CRIS/RIM systems in Peru identified between May 2019 and March 2025 listed in two trusted directorie
Intermittent Rainfed Rice var. INIA 516 LM1: A Sustainable Alternative for the Huallaga River Basin
No full textClimate change is projected to increase global temperatures and alter rainfall patterns. In Peru, these changes could adversely affect the central basin of the Huallaga River by increasing pest and disease incidence, evapotranspiration, and water consumption. This basin is one of the country’s main rice-producing regions, where the crop is traditionally cultivated using inefficient practices, such as continuous flood irrigation. This study evaluated the effects of different irrigation management strategies on the growth and yield of rice (Oryza sativa var. INIA 516 LM1-La Union 23), the water footprint as an indicator of water use efficiency, and the incidence of pests and diseases associated with irrigation regimes. Three irrigation treatments were implemented: Traditional flooding T1 (maintenance of a 0.15 m water layer with replenishment every 4 days), Optimized flooding T2 (replenishment every 7 days), and Intermittent rainfed irrigation T3 (replenishment every 14 days). Although no significant differences were observed in biometric parameters, yield, or pest and disease incidence, a trend of decreasing yield with longer irrigation intervals was noted: traditional flooding (7.91 t・ha−1) > reduced flooding (7.82 t・ha−1) > intermittent rainfed (7.14 t・ha−1). The incidence of white leaf virus and Burkholderia glumae was highest in the intermittent rainfed treatment, followed by optimized flooding, with the lowest incidence in traditional flooding. Yield reduction and the use of rainwater to cover water requirements resulted in a lower total water footprint for traditional flooding (834.0 m3・t−1), followed by optimized flooding (843.6 m3・t−1) and intermittent rainfed (923.9 m3・t−1). This reflects an improvement in rainwater use efficiency. The findings suggest intermittent rainfed irrigation enhanceswater use efficiency without significantly compromising rice yield or increasing disease incidence in rice var. INIA 516 LM1-La Union 23 in the central basin of the Huallaga River.This research was funded by the INIA project CUI 2487112 “Mejoramiento de los servicios de investigacion y transferencia tecnologica en el manejo y recuperacion de suelos agricolas degradados y aguas para riego en la pequena y mediana agricultura en los departamentos de Lima, Ancash, San Martin, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Junin, Ayacucho, Arequipa, Puno y Ucayali”
Occurrence of endoparasites in creole goats under an extensive production system on the southern coast of Peru
No full textEndoparasitosis is a critical health challenge in the management of Creole goats under extensive production systems due to its negative impact on animal health and productivity. This study determined the occurrence of endoparasites and identified associated risk factors in Creole goats from the southern coast of Peru. Fecal samples were collected from 129 goats in two localities of the Pisco province to detect the presence of oocysts from Eimeria spp. and eggs from trichostrongyles, Skrjabinema spp., Trichuris spp., and Fasciola hepatica. Data were analyzed using logistic regression models and adjusted through bootstrapping and stepwise selection methods, with locality, feeding type, age, and body condition as predictive variables. The results revealed a high occurrence of Eimeria spp. (86.0%) and trichostrongyles (65.1%), while Fasciola hepatica (14.0%) and Skrjabinemaspp. (7.0%) were exclusively identified in Independencia and San Clemente, respectively. Mixed infestations were predominant (65.9%), occurring more frequently in Independencia (75.9%) than in San Clemente (57.7%) (OR: 2.26, p < 0.05). The likelihood of infestation was significantly higher in Independencia for Eimeria spp. (OR: 5.72, p < 0.01) and Fasciola hepatica (OR: 61.4, p < 0.01). Moreover, goats fed exclusively on alfalfa were more likely to be infested with Fasciola hepatica compared to those fed a mixed diet of alfalfa and crop residues (OR: 0.06, p < 0.05). These findings underscore the necessity of implementing comprehensive health programs tailored to local management and feeding conditions.This research was funded by Instituto Nacional de Innovacion Agraria (INIA) within the framework of the investment project “Improvement of research services and technology transfer for the sustainable management of goat farming in dry forests, in the departments of Tumbes, Piura, 30-0Lambayeque, Amazonas, La Libertad, Ancash, Lima, Ica and Ayacucho” (CUI 2506684)
Genetic diversity and population structure of alpacas (Vicugna pacos) in Peru: A microsatellite analysis
No full textThis study evaluated the genetic diversity and population structure of Vicugna pacos (Huacaya alpacas) from two contrasting breeding contexts in Junin, Peru: the genetically managed herd of INIA’s Santa Ana Experimental Station (Suitucancha) and the community-based herd of Huayre, where natural, unregulated mating practices are common. An external reference population from Quimsachata was also included. Genetic diversity parameters revealed high allelic richness and heterozygosity within all populations. Analyses of molecular variance (AMOVA), principal coordinate analysis (PCoA), Bayesian clustering, and phylogenetic reconstruction indicated moderate genetic differentiation between Suitucancha and Huayre, likely influenced by the use of selected males under controlled mating in Suitucancha versus natural, unregulated group mating in Huayre, which facilitates broader gene flow. The Quimsachata group displayed distinct genetic characteristics, likely reflecting limited gene flow due to its role as a germplasm conservation nucleus under closed reproductive management. These results reflect how differences in reproductive management may influence population structure in alpacas
Spatial Distribution of Cadmium in Avocado-Cultivated Soils of Peru: Influence of Parent Material, Exchangeable Cations, and Trace Elements
No full textPotentially toxic elements such as cadmium (Cd) in agricultural soils represent a global concern due to their toxicity and potential accumulation in the food chain. However, our understanding of cadmium’s complex sources and the mechanisms controlling its spatial distribution across diverse edaphic and geological contexts remains limited, particularly in underexplored agricultural regions. Our study aimed to assess the total accumulated Cd content in soils under avocado cultivation and its association with edaphic, geochemical, and geomorphological variables. To this end, we considered the total concentrations of other metals and explored their associations to gain a better understanding of Cd’s spatial distribution. We analyzed 26 physicochemical properties, the total concentrations of 22 elements (including heavy and trace metals such as As, Ba, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sr, Tl, V, and Zn and major elements such as Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, and Na), and six geospatial variables in 410 soil samples collected from various avocado-growing regions in Peru in order to identity potential associations that could help explain the spatial patterns of Cd. For data analysis, we applied (1) univariate statistics (skewness, kurtosis); (2) multivariate methods such as Spearman correlations and principal component analysis (PCA); (3) spatial modeling using the Geodetector tool; and (4) non-parametric testing (Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn’s post hoc test). Our results indicated (1) the presence of hotspots with Cd concentrations exceeding 3 mg·kg ⁻¹ , displaying a leptokurtic distribution (skewness = 7.3); (2) dominant accumulation mechanisms involving co-adsorption and cation competition (Na⁺, Ca²⁺), as well as geogenic co-accumulation with Zn and Pb; and (3) significantly higher Cd concentrations in Leptosols derived from Cretaceous intermediate igneous rocks (diorites/tonalites), averaging 1.33 mg kg⁻¹ compared to 0.20 mg·kg⁻¹ in alluvial soils (p 15%, Geodetector) were the Zn content, parent material, geological age, and soil taxonomic classification. These findings provide edaphogenetic insights that can inform soil cadmium (Cd) management strategies, including recommendations to avoid establishing new plantations in areas with a high risk of Cd accumulation. Such approaches can enhance the efficiency of mitigation programs and reduce the risks to export markets.This research was funded by the INIA project CUI 2487112: “Mejoramiento de los servicios de investi-gación y transferencia tecnológica en el manejo y recuperación de suelos agrícolas degradados y aguas para riego en la pequeña y mediana agricultura en los departamentos de Lima, Áncash, San Martín, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Junín, Ayacucho, Arequipa, Puno y Ucayali”
Variación espacial de la fertilidad del suelo en la EEA Canaán
No full textEl Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria (INIA) es un organismo técnico especializado adscrito al Ministerio de Desarrollo Agrario y Riego (MIDAGRI), que desarrolla actividades de investigación, transferencia tecnológica, aprovechamiento y conservación de los recursos genéticos y producción de semillas, plantones y reproductores de alto valor genético. El INIA, a través de la Dirección de Servicios Estratégicos Agrarios (DSEA), viene ejecutando el proyecto de inversión “Mejoramiento de los servicios de investigación y transferencia tecnológica en el manejo y recuperación de suelos agrícolas degradados y aguas para riego en la pequeña y mediana agricultura en los departamentos de Lima, Áncash, San Martín, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Junín, Ayacucho, Arequipa, Puno y Ucayali”, con CUI N° 2487112, el cual tiene entre sus objetivos evaluar alternativas tecnológicas para el manejo de suelos y agua en la producción agrícola. La Estación Experimental Agraria (EEA) Canaán, ubicada en Ayacucho, ofrece un espacio representativo para analizar las propiedades del suelo en una zona con características ambientales complejas. Los resultados obtenidos de los análisis de suelos en esta estación permiten una mejor comprensión de la variabilidad espacial de la fertilidad del suelo en la región. El presente documento, “Variación espacial de la fertilidad del suelo en la EEA Canaán”, integra el muestreo, análisis e interpretación de la distribución espacial de las propiedades del suelo. Asimismo, explica de forma clara la metodología de análisis geoespacial, la cual puede ser replicada y aplicada en otros sistemas agrícolas. También, proporciona un diagnóstico riguroso del edafosistema en el área de estudio, para facilitar la toma de decisiones en la gestión agrícola sostenible. Esta publicación está dirigida a profesionales del sector agrario e investigadores interesados en mejorar la salud del suelo.Patrocinado por el Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria (INIA), Ministerio de Desarrollo Agropecuario y Riego (MIDAGRI), en el marco del proyecto de inversión nacional CUI N° 2487112
Caracterización morfológica de la colección nacional de yuca para fines de conservación en el INIA, Perú
No full textEl objetivo de la investigación fue caracterizar morfológicamente la colección nacional de yuca(Manihot esculenta Crantz) del Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria (INIA), Perú para fines de conservación. El estudio se realizó en la estación experimental del INIA en Huaral (Lima), se instalaron parcelas de observación con una distribución sistemática de 741 accesiones en el campo experimental. Según el desarrollo del cultivo se realizó la evaluación y caracterización usando descriptores elaborados por los curadores del Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria. Se utilizó el análisis de conglomerado jerárquico para los parámetros utilizados en la caracterización y se calcularon las frecuencias absolutas y relativas para los descriptores cualitativos. Posteriormente se realizó un análisis de componentes principales, para examinar la asociación entre los caracteres. Los parámetros cuantitativos y cualitativos permitieron discriminar entre los genotipos y establecer grupos de accesiones según sus características de similitud utilizando descriptores desarrollados por Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria. Dentro de las accesiones conservadas del banco de germoplasma de yuca se halló variabilidad morfológica y se identificaron 12 accesiones promisorias, con potencial de uso para el mejoramiento genético, aptas para el consumo humano y para la seguridad alimentaria.Al personal técnico de la Subdirección de Recursos Genéticos de la Estación Experimental Donoso(INIA, Huaral) por brindar las facilidades para desarrollar la investigación, en especial al técnico Benito Martínez Lermo por su colaboración en las evaluaciones de campo
Reporte de Repositorio Institucional del 01 al 31 del Marzo 2025
No full textDurante el mes de marzo se incorporaron 49 publicaciones técnico científicas, en el Repositorio Institucional del INIA, contando a la fecha con un total de 2556 publicaciones, divididas en comunidades y colecciones. El objetivo de este reporte es mantener actualizados los datos sobre las publicaciones técnico-científicas que vienen siendo incorporadas por el área a cargo de la administración del Repositorio Institucional del INIA
Phenotypic variability of Smallanthus sonchifolius germplasm of Peru
No full textSmallanthus sonchifolius (yacon) is a functional food native to the South American Andes. Its tuberous root and leaves are the main parts consumed; however, few studies have been carried out on its phenotypic variability. This study aimed to characterize 214 yacon accessions from the Germplasm Bank of the Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria (INIA), Peru. Twelve qualitative and seven quantitative variables were used. Accession Y-74 showed the largest leaf dimensions, while Y-28 showed the highest productivity per plant. Multiple correspondence analysis and principal component analysis revealed that the variables propagule color, leaf shape, root pulp color, leaf length and width, root weight per plant, and yield contributed significantly to the discrimination and identification of promising accessions. The geographical grouping of the accessions showed differences between accessions from the north and south of Peru. The qualitative phylogenetic tree showed 12 morphological groups discriminated mainly by leaf morphology and root characteristics, while the dendrogram analysis identified four clusters, with Cluster II standing out with an average yield of 73.5t/ha of tuberous roots. These results are important, as they allowed the identification of promising accessions and useful traits that can contribute to improving productivity and promoting the expansion of yacon cultivation at national and international levels.This work was supported by the Subdirección de Recursos Genéticos de la Estación Experimental Agraria Baños del Inca of the Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria (INIA). The authors would like to thank Armando Linares Estrada and Sebastián Llico Sánchez for their invaluable support in the field