Ruralis Brage
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Impact of waterborne E. coli outbreaks on local communities: evidence from housing transactions in Michigan
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Økt, miljøtilpasset og mer robust norsk mathveteproduksjon. En scenarieanalyse av fremtidig utvikling for norsk mathveteproduksjon
Get PDFScenarieanalysen vurderer hvordan sentrale utviklingstrekk i internasjonal samfunnsutvikling, geopolitikk, klima-/miljøendringer, teknologiutvikling, industriutvikling og lokal bruksstruktur-/bondeutvikling vil kunne påvirke norsk mathveteproduksjon. Målet er å konkretisere og vurdere alternative framtidsscenarier i lys av disse utviklingstrekkene mot en økt, miljøtilpasset og mer robust norsk mathveteproduksjon i Norge. 6 scenarier er utviklet og analysert: • Etterspørselsdrevet vekst • Vertikal samhandling • Ekstra grønt (skifte) • Kanalisering i kanaliseringen • Lett vedlikehold • Kamp om budsjettmidler Et hovedfunn er at de dominerende drivkreftene med betydelig sannsynlighet vil drive norsk mathveteproduksjon mot stagnasjonsrisiko dersom ikke verdikjeden (industri- og markedsaktørene) og politikken sammen tar aktivt grep for en annen utvikling. Samtidig viser scenarioarbeidet et tverrpolitisk mulighetsrom for en styrket norsk mathveteproduksjon i årene mot 2040. Dette mulighetsrommet skapes på tvers av det politiske spektret og er knyttet til geopolitisk usikkerhet (matsikkerhet/selvforsyning), grønn omstilling, folkehelse/nye kostholdsråd. En kombinasjon av det politisk drevne scenariet «Kanalisering i kanaliseringen» og de to markedsdrevne scenariene «Etterspørselsdrevet vekst» og «Vertikal samhandling» fremstår som det mest realistiske og beste alternativet for å få en økt, miljøtilpasset og robust norsk mathveteproduksjon.Økt, miljøtilpasset og mer robust norsk mathveteproduksjon. En scenarieanalyse av fremtidig utvikling for norsk mathveteproduksjonpublishedVersio
Same but different: On continuity and change in agricultural policy reforms
Get PDFThis article contributes to the Historical Institutionalism literature on stability and change by unpacking how an institution has persisted for more than 70 years despite substantial contextual changes. The overall stability of the institution comes both through changes in policy instruments and their settings, and through the incorporation of differing, but aligned rationales. Ideational multidimensionality yields stability by providing leeway to recondition the institution in response to changing circumstances. This allows for different interests in the coalition to stimulate overall institutional stability by supporting incremental changes in policy instruments whilst avoiding institutional exhaustion and third order changes. This shows that policies initiated under a certain set of circumstances may be better equipped to persist when circumstances change if they are able to incorporate differing, but aligned, rationales and to respond to upcoming issues through policy instrument changes. The theoretical arguments are exemplified through a case study analysis of Norwegian agricultural policy.publishedVersio
Transforming the food system with a biomass value hierarchy: Sustainability and policy insights
Get PDFThe food system significantly impacts the environment and society. This study examined a shift from a continuation of the current trend (policy as usual scenario) towards a biomass value hierarchy scenario, which focused on optimizing land and biomass use and rethinking the role of livestock production. The biomass value hierarchy was based on circular economy principles, the waste hierarchy, and national self-sufficiency, which eliminated feed import and redistributed protein sources in the diet. A Multi-Criteria Decisions Analysis (MCDA) framework was used to assess the two scenarios across four sustainability dimensions: environmental, social, economic and policy. Environmental and social impacts were analysed using life cycle assessment methodology, while economic and policy implications were explored using partial equilibrium modelling, with the Norwegian food system as a case study. The results for the environmental dimension indicated that, compared to the policy as usual scenario, the biomass value hierarchy reduced environmental impacts by 8% to 18% across the indicators, including climate change, acidification, particulate matter, terrestrial eutrophication and occupation of arable land. Social impacts also improved in categories with the highest social risks, such as equal opportunities for workers, health and safety for farmers, cultural heritage, food security, fair competition, and promoting social responsibility. Contrarily, indicators within the economic dimension revealed reduced profitability, and results within the policy dimension showed a considerable increase in required subsidies, border measures and governmental restrictions on consumption. The study findings indicate that an environmentally and socially sustainable food system is feasible but requires significant political and economic support. Additionally, the study highlights the value of using MCDA when combining different research methods in cross-disciplinary assessments. These results underscore the need for a societal debate on acceptable levels of political intervention and the role of consumers and taxpayers in shaping the future food system.Transforming the food system with a biomass value hierarchy: Sustainability and policy insightspublishedVersio
Exceptional policies for exceptional situations? How COVID-19 revealed persisting precarity for seasonal migrant workers
Get PDFWhen COVID-19 hit Norway and national borders were closed on 12 March 2020, farmers were ready to start preparations for a new growing season. Within a few weeks of the lockdown, the government implemented innovative economic measures to persuade unemployed Norwegians to work in agriculture, but this failed to produce the expected results. At the same time, it also created a narrative in which labour shortages were understood as a question of Norwegian food security and self-sufficiency. Migrant labour in agriculture was defined as ‘crucial’, and borders closed because of COVID-19 were opened for seasonal workers. In this article, we use the COVID-19 pandemic as a case for a critical discussion of the social position of migrant labour in agriculture and the use of exceptional measures in the agrifood sector. We consider how migrant workers came to be depicted by the government as necessary to Norwegian food security, to justify their exclusion from basic protection during the pandemic, thus contributing to their precarity as workers. Based on an analysis of media outputs, political decisions, and policies, as well as statements and publications from stakeholder groups, we show how the Norwegian government mirrored the sector’s economic and production interests and used the prospect of food insecurity as an argument for allowing exemptions from the seasonal immigration ban for workers in the 2020-2022 period. The discussion is based on conceptualisations from the literature on agricultural exceptionalism, food security, and self-sufficiency, as well as precarity among migrant labourers.Exceptional policies for exceptional situations? How COVID-19 revealed persisting precarity for seasonal migrant workerspublishedVersio
Sluttrapport for helseprosjekt: Rus- og avhengighetsproblematikk i landbruket, forebygging, håndtering og behandling
Get PDFDette er en sluttrapport for et helseprosjekt finansiert av stiftelsen DAM. I prosjektet har vi undersøkt hvordan man på best mulig måte kan hjelpe bønder som står ovenfor et avhengighetsproblem. Bønder som selvstendig næringsdrivende har ingen arbeidsgiver, og nyter ikke godt av ordninger knyttet til forebygging og hjelp som kan gis innenfor det organiserte arbeidslivet. Derfor har dette vært et viktig og etterspurt prosjekt. Målet har vært å forbedre både det forebyggende arbeidet og behandlingstiltakene, samt styrke informasjonsarbeidet ovenfor bøndene og deres pårørende om hva slags hjelp man kan få. Diverse informasjonsmateriale som brosjyrer, film og podkast rettet mot bønder og dem som jobber innenfor rusfeltet og landbrukets organisasjoner vil fremover være lett tilgjengelig. Den nasjonale veilednings- og informasjonstjenesten RusInfo viderefører informasjonsarbeidet spesifikt rettet mot landbruket.Sluttrapport for helseprosjekt: Rus- og avhengighetsproblematikk i landbruket, forebygging, håndtering og behandlingpublishedVersio
Klimarådgiving som omstillingsrettet virkemiddel i jordbruket
Get PDFAfter the Agricultural Settlement 2021, the scheme with subsidies for climate advice was established as a three-year pilot. NIBIO and Ruralis have carried out an evaluation of this pilot, conducting 18 in-depth interviews with farmers and climate advisors, and two surveys among Norwegian farmers. The results show that support and familiarity with the scheme has increased, but that a third of the farmers do not plan to use this. Subsidies is an important reason for farmers to apply for climate advice. Farmers are satisfied with the climate advice, perceiving it contributed to comprehensive knowledge and increased motivation to implement measures. Advisors state that to reduce skepticism, it is important to communicate that climate measures may have positive impact on farm economy and management without increasing workload or investments. Advisers describe lack of capacity as a barrier to increased use of the scheme. We find that the climate advice measure is expedient, recommending the subsidy to continue, as a voluntary scheme. The advisory capacity must be increased, including advisers from a broader range of productions, and that better and more targeted information about the scheme is required.Klimarådgiving som omstillingsrettet virkemiddel i jordbruketpublishedVersio
Cultured meat and responsible research when the future is an illusion for financial speculation
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Crowdfunding of Climate Mitigation Measures in Agriculture: Developing a Sustainable Business Model Concept
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Forbrukerholdninger relatert til utvikling av mer bærekraftige verdikjeder for fôr
Get PDFDenne rapporten er skrevet som en del av forskningsprosjektet SUSFEED, som undersøker hvordan fôrsystemet til husdyrhold og oppdrett av laks i Norge kan gjøres mer bærekraftig. I rapporten ser vi nærmere på aktuelle forbrukerholdninger knyttet til mulighetene for nye fôringredienser og økt andel av norskproduserte råvarer i husdyr- og laksefôr. Resultater basert på våre innkjøpte spørsmål i en spørreundersøkelse blant norske forbrukere indikerer relativ høy aksept for bruk av insektbasert dyre- og laksefôr. Likeledes er økt bruk av norske fôrråvarer i husdyr- og laksefôr noe som i stor grad verdsettes blant forbrukerne, mens villigheten til å betale ekstra for dette fremstår mer moderat.Forbrukerholdninger relatert til utvikling av mer bærekraftige verdikjeder for fôrpublishedVersio