Institutt for samfunnsforskning - Vitenarkiv
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Vulnerable Protection Seekers in Norway: Regulations, Practices, and Challenges
Get PDFThis research report presents some of the intermediate research results of the VULNER project, based on the first phase of the project, which consisted of mapping out the vulnerability assessment mechanisms developed by state authorities in Norway, including how they are implemented on the ground through the practices of the public servants in charge. The following research questions are addressed: What do the relevant domestic legislation, case-law, policy documents, and administrative guidelines reveal about how “vulnerabilities” are being assessed and addressed in the countries under study? Do the relevant state and/or aid agencies have a legal duty to assess migrants’ vulnerabilities, and if yes, using which procedures, when and how? Following which legal and bureaucratic criteria? How do decision-makers (street-level bureaucrats) understand and perceive the ‘vulnerabilities’ of the migrants they meet on a daily basis? How do they address these ‘vulnerabilities’ through their everyday practices? What is their stance on existing legal requirements towards ‘vulnerable’ migrants? Which loopholes do they identify? To that end, the objective of the legal enquiry was to analyse and reflect upon how ‘vulnerability’ is being developed as a legal and bureaucratic concept in the Norwegian regulations. Legal sources include national laws and regulations related to immigration and welfare (health, child welfare, and social security), as well as more than a hundred administrative guidelines. The main policy documents included in the analysis consist of white papers, resolution proposals, and written political interventions.publishedVersio
Navigating to the Top in an Egalitarian Welfare State: Institutional Opportunity Structures of Second-generation Social Mobility
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Women’s Underrepresentation in Corporate Power in Norway and US: Beyond In-group Favoritism
Get PDFDespite increasing gender-equality in many areas, corporate power is still strongly male-dominated. Prevailing research often relies on the cognitive, demand-side mechanism of in-group favoritism based on single-country studies to produce generalized explanations of men’s dominance in top management and to recommend remedies, such as gender quotas on boards. However, existing research findings are mixed. We contribute to the research field by analyzing original data from 457 large companies in Norway and the US, examining associations of the gender-composition on boards and in the actual Executive Committees. The predictions of in-group favoritism are partly supported in the US, but largely not supported for Norwegian companies with gender-balanced boards due to quotas. We argue that in-group favoritism is an incomplete explanation. We call for research examining the organizational and societal processes curtailing the supply of qualified women for top-executive positions, across national and regulatory contexts and organizational levels.publishedVersio
Enacting efficient care within a context of rationalisation
Get PDFScholars have described how care cannot be completely commodified or withdrawn because it is a disposition anchored in the commitment to the needs of others. This article advances the literature on care ethics and inequality by examining how care workers resist and negotiate the rationalisation of care work. Building on ethnographic fieldwork on auxiliary nurses in Norwegian nursing homes, the study shows that despite care workers facing increasingly rationalised forms of control, they continue to act out of the caring self, which centres on the desire to give meaningful care. However, by addressing how power differences and ethnic stratification between workers influence their strategies of coping and resistance, the findings also illustrate how the most vulnerable care workers respond to rationalisation by providing efficient care – that is, careless care – to their patients. Drawing from alternative perspectives on care work as ambivalent work, the study’s main theoretical contribution is to offer insight into how precarious work contexts may pose a threat to the caring self, especially when inequalities exist between care workers.publishedVersio
Women’s Underrepresentation in Corporate Power in Norway and US: Beyond In-group Favoritism
Get PDFDespite increasing gender-equality in many areas, corporate power is still strongly male-dominated. Prevailing research often relies on the cognitive, demand-side mechanism of in-group favoritism based on single-country studies to produce generalized explanations of men’s dominance in top management and to recommend remedies, such as gender quotas on boards. However, existing research findings are mixed. We contribute to the research field by analyzing original data from 457 large companies in Norway and the US, examining associations of the gender-composition on boards and in the actual Executive Committees. The predictions of in-group favoritism are partly supported in the US, but largely not supported for Norwegian companies with gender-balanced boards due to quotas. We argue that in-group favoritism is an incomplete explanation. We call for research examining the organizational and societal processes curtailing the supply of qualified women for top-executive positions, across national and regulatory contexts and organizational levels
Digitalisering og medienes samfunnsrolle : hovedfunn fra prosjektet Disruptive Change and New Media Policies: A Field Approach
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Welfare state redistribution between overlapping generations – normative theories applied to two contemporary debates
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Political and administrative control of expert groups—A mixed‐methods study
Get PDFGovernments face a fundamental dilemma when asking expert groups for advice. Experts possess knowledge that can help governments design effective and legitimate policies. However, they can also propose different policies than those preferred by government. How do governments solve this conundrum? Through a mixed‐methods study, the article examines politico‐administrative control with expert advisory commissions in Norway. Arguing that both politicians and bureaucrats can take interest in limiting the gap between political/administrative policy preferences and expert group output, the article examines by what means they seek to control expert groups and how control varies across policy portfolios. It finds that while politicians rely on control by design, bureaucrats use both design and interventions. Moreover, political and bureaucratic controls are stronger in the area of financial/economic policy than elsewhere. The article makes a novel contribution to scholarship at the intersection of public administration and knowledge and policymaking.publishedVersio
Sivilsamfunn og integrering. En kunnskapsoppsummering
Get PDFI denne rapporten gir vi en oversikt over eksisterende forskningsbasert kunnskap fra Norge og andre nordiske land om sivilsamfunn og integrering. Oversikten er utarbeidet med utgangspunkt i publikasjoner fra Senter for forskning på sivilsamfunn og frivillig sektor og andre publikasjoner fra tilknyttede forskere. Videre har vi gjort nettsøk og søk i norske tidsskriftdatabaser på stikkord knyttet til innvandring, frivillighet, sosialt entreprenørskap og mentorordninger. Basert på denne litteraturgjennomgangen gjør vi rede for hva eksisterende forskning peker på som hovedutfordringer for sivilsamfunnet på integreringsfeltet, og hvilke tiltak som blir foreslått for å imøtekomme disse utfordringene. Vi identifiserer kunnskapshull i den eksisterende litteraturen på feltet og kommer med innspill til videre studier som kan fylle disse hullene.publishedVersio