19684 research outputs found
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A review of industrial pumps for viscous and non-Newtonian slurry transport
No full textThis paper presents a concise review of industrial pumps for viscous and non-Newtonian slurry transport. It combines both the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and experimental analysis to investigate the performance and limitations of various rotodynamic and positive displacement (PD) pumps for various slurry transport applications. The factors influencing head, efficiency and reliability in rotodynamic and PD pumps were evaluated for viscous and non-Newtonian fluids applications. Available literature showed that centrifugal pumps experience head losses of ≥ 8 m and efficiency reduction of 20 % when viscosity approaches 800–1000 cP, whereas the blade and volute optimisation could improve the overall efficiency. The performance of the multiphase pump showed a sharp decline when handling non-Newtonian fluids, primarily due to the formation of complex vortex structures and tip‑leakages. This study also highlighted key geometric parameters for optimisation to improve overall performance and enable the integration of multiphase pumps as a prime mover in a jet pump system, for a robust handling of highly viscous and solid‑laden fluids. While the special‑effect jet pumps had lower peak efficiencies compared to other rotodynamic pumps, robustness and passability for abrasive and multiphase flows were demonstrated, achieving up to 40 % efficiency in sand slurry applications. PD pumps, such as the reciprocating plunger and diaphragm designs, exhibited the highest viscosity tolerance, however, their performance was limited by valve response and mechanical complexity. This review particularly focused on the capabilities of Tesla disc pump for handling highly viscous and abrasive fluids. Literature on Tesla disc pumps emphasised that geometric optimisation of the disc impeller, combined with the use of a dedicated volute, could significantly enhance its efficiency and position it as a complementary solution to both centrifugal and PD pumps. The analysis of life cycle cost (LCC) showed that the Tesla disc pump maintained moderate costs for harsh applications, indicating a sustainable operational life cycle.</p
Can remote digital health interventions improve rehabilitation following major trauma? Results of a systematic review
No full textObjectiveTo identify the effectiveness of remote digital health (DH) interventions in supporting physical and/or psychosocial rehabilitation in patients with major physical trauma.Data SourcesThis review was conducted between 2000 to 2023 following PRISMA guidelines to identify relevant studies by searching five databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, AMED, CINAHL Plus, and PsycInfo. Searches were limited to randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and peer reviewed journals. Bibliographies of included studies and relevant reviews were searched for relevant articles.Study SelectionInclusion criteria consisted of RCTs that investigated remote DH interventions to enhance physical, and/or psychosocial rehabilitation of adults subjected to major physical trauma (e.g., traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI)). Screening of retrieved studies was conducted by two reviewers. Disagreements were resolved by discussion or by consulting a third reviewer. Data ExtractionData were extracted by one reviewer and independently checked by another. Risk of bias (ROB) was independently conducted by two reviewers using ROB2 tool. Disagreements were resolved by discussion or by consulting a third reviewer. Data SynthesisResults were reported following PRISMA guidelines. Seven studies were included, of which five had adequate power to detect a significant treatment effect. Studies included mostly male participants of White race. Included interventions targeted TBIs or SCIs, and were delivered using numerous pathways (e.g., video conferencing, virtual reality), with/without human support. Positive findings were generally reported with significant effects only reported by three studies targeting people with SCIs, reflecting improvements in physical and psychosocial outcomes. ROB ranged from low (n=3); some concern (n=2) and high (n=2). ConclusionsOverall positive findings were reported with strong evidence only reported by three studies targeting people with SCIs. Future studies should be adequately powered and include diverse populations to measure the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of DH interventions in comparison to usual care
A Novel OCPP-Centric Hybrid Testbed and Dataset for EV Charging Infrastructure Security Threats Feasibility
No full textThe rapid adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs) has intensified demands on the Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure (EVCI), where operational security is critical to ensuring confidentiality, availability, integrity, and consumer trust. The Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP) 1.6, central to EVCI interoperability, remains vulnerable to authentication spoofing, man-in-the-middle (MiTM) interception, and protocol manipulation attacks when deployed without robust security extensions. However, there is a notable lack of publicly available protocol-centric datasets that capture realistic EVCI traffic under benign and adversarial conditions. Therefore, this paper addresses this gap through the design of a novel hybrid testbed that combines virtual and physical components, including real OCPP-compliant chargers, EV Supply Equipment (EVSE) testers, and simulated EVs, to produce a semantically rich and attack-inclusive dataset. The dataset contains over 55 features spanning semantic message fields, finite-state machine (FSM) transitions, timing metrics, payload complexity, and network-level characteristics, derived from the official OCPP 1.6 and 2.0 specification. Comparative analysis with the important and widely used internet of things (IoT) and EVCI datasets highlights the superior semantic depth, FSM structure, and realistic stealth attack representation of our dataset. This work provides a reproducible foundation for developing protocol-centric intrusion detection and prevention systems to detect sophisticated and context-driven anomalies in EV charging ecosystems
Real-Time Rail Electrification Systems Monitoring:A Review of Technologies
No full textMost electrified railway networks are powered through a pantograph–overhead contact line (OCL) interface to ensure safe and reliable operation. The OCL is one of the most vulnerable components of the train traction power system as it is subjected to multiple impacts from the pantographs and to unpredictable environmental conditions. Wear, mounting imperfections, contact incidents, weather conditions, and inadequate maintenance lead to increased degradation of the pantograph–OCL current collection performance, causing degradation on contacting elements and assets failure. Incidents involving the pantograph–OCL system are significant sources of traffic disruption and train delays, e.g., Network Rail statistics show that, on average, delays due to OCL failures are 2500 h per year. In recent years, maintenance strategies have evolved significantly with improvements in technology and the increased interest in using real-time and historical data in decision support. This has led to an expansion in sensing systems for structures, vehicles, and machinery. The railway industry is currently investing in condition monitoring (CM) technologies in order to achieve lower failure rates and increase the availability, reliability, and safety of the railway service. This work presents a comprehensive review of the current CM systems for the pantograph–OCL, including their advantages and disadvantages, and outlines future trends in this area
Efficacy and Safety of Oral DFD-29 Versus Doxycycline in Rosacea:A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
No full textPurpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of DFD-29, a low-dose, modified-release minocycline formulation, compared to doxycycline for the treatment of rosacea. Methods: RCTs comparing oral DFD-29 with doxycycline in adults with papulopustular rosacea were identified through systematic searches of major databases up to Mar 13, 2025. Primary outcome was Investigator’s Global Assessment (IGA) treatment success; secondary outcome was treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). Meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model. Results: Three RCTs (n = varied) were included. DFD-29 significantly improved IGA treatment success at 16 weeks compared to doxycycline (pooled OR = 2.51; 95% CI: 1.81–3.48). Although DFD-29 showed a slightly higher incidence of TEAEs (OR = 1.32; 95% CI: 0.93–1.89), the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions: DFD-29 demonstrated superior efficacy and comparable safety to doxycycline; however, given the limited number of available trials and short follow-up duration, these findings should be considered preliminary. Larger, long-term randomized studies are warranted to confirm these results and establish the role of DFD-29 in rosacea management.</p
Data for: The Effect of Co-Adsorbed H2O2, CO2 and H2O on CeO2 Nanoparticle Morphology: A Density-Functional Theory Study
No full textPreface:Song and Popular Culture: Popular Music Songwriting as Cultural, Creative, and Economic Practice
No full textExamining body proximity and “sacredness” at/in relation to Treblinka Extermination Camp
No full textThis article explores body proximity and sacredness through the lens of four items relating to Treblinka extermination camp: a gold pendant which most likely belonged to a woman murdered in the camp, dentures taken from the bodies of those who were killed, a ring taken by a survivor of the camp from the piles of belongings of Jews murdered in the gas chambers, and a blouse worn by the daughter of a woman murdered in the camp. Whilst the first two items were found during archaeological excavations at the site in 2013 and 2017, the final two now reside in the collection of the United Holocaust Memorial Museum. The piece explores how how sacrality is affected when objects have been in extremely close physical contact with the (living or dead) human body, and how the context in which they are found may affect their perceived status amongst a variety of groups
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