19684 research outputs found
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Prospective person memory and own-race bias of missing person appeals
Get PDFPurpose: This study aims to examine own-race bias (ORB) in prospective person memory (PPM) and explore whether the effects of ORB were moderated by two factors that are salient to real-world missing person appeals (MPAs): the number of appeals an individual encounters and the frequency in which these appeals are encountered. Design/methodology/approach: A mixed experimental design was used whereby 269 Caucasian participants studied MPAs (4 or 8 appeals) for various frequencies (once or three times), which featured both white and non-white missing individuals. Participants then completed a PPM sorting task that required them to identify missing individuals as a secondary objective. Findings: ORB was not observed for prospective person memory performance, although participants did demonstrate a greater conservative bias for appeals involving different ethnicities. The main effect of number and frequency of appeals on PPM was significant, however, these variables did not moderate ORB. Research limitations/implications: The current study has limitations that should be taken into consideration. There was an underrepresentation of non-white ethnicities within the sample which limits the ability to determine if ORB effects vary across ethnicities. Additionally, experimental simulations of missing person identifications still lack ecological validity and thus future innovative methods are required to study missing person identifications more realistically. Originality/value: This study demonstrates that PPM performance may not be influenced by ORB effects overall as found within previous generic memory tasks, although the influence of the number and frequency of appeals presented continues to demonstrate the need to improve MPAs to maximise public facial recognition and identification of missing persons.</p
Multi-Functional Metasurfaces as a Platform to Realise Ultra-Compact Confocal Instrumentation for On-Machine Metrology
No full textAs manufacturing looks to employ more smart and autonomous processes to improve how items are made, reducing scrappage rates and with it the associated waste in time and energy, new ultra-compact sensors are needed that can be deployed where existing instrumentation cannot. The use of traditional methods when constructing optical sensors limits the progress that can be made in reducing their size and weight, however emerging technologies such as metasurfaces offer a platform by which these barriers can be overcome to develop the sensors needed to underpin this manufacturing transition. Here we demonstrate how a single metasurface can be used to deliver all the optical manipulations required to create a metasurface based confocal sensor with only the addition of a point source and point detector. By combining the optical functionality of both the illumination and the collection optics in this way the system is simplified and reduced in size significantly. While here we demonstrate how a metasurface can be used to reduce the number of elements needed to produce an ultra-compact confocal sensor, this approach can be used to simplify a far wider range of instrumentation to greatly reduce their size and weight
Health promotion efforts for people experiencing homelessness in England:a scoping review
No full textPeople experiencing homelessness (PEH) encounter various obstacles in accessing healthcare, coupled with diverse health needs. This review aims to synthesize the evidence related to the health promotion actions among PEH and the barriers and facilitators they experience in accessing health-promoting information and services in England. This scoping review adhered to the guidelines outlined in the Joanna Briggs Institute's Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist. A narrative synthesis approach was used to combine and provide a comprehensive overview of the results from the included literature in the review. The results were grouped, synthesized, and presented under six themes: (i) Policy and interventions, (ii) Barriers, (iii) Facilitators, (iv) Engagement and coordination, (v) Personal skills and literacy, and (vi) Sensitization among service providers. The experiences of PEH highlighted the disparities in accessing health-promoting information and services, necessitating practical initiatives to facilitate their utilization of available health-promoting resources
Clinical Risk Management in Mental Health Services:10 Principles for Best Practice
No full textRisk assessment and management are a fundamental part of clinical practice globally within mental health services. In the United Kingdom (UK), the evidence to support the effectiveness of structured risk assessment and management remains limited, although the perception remains that structured management frameworks are effective in reducing risk in mental health care. Despite the importance of risk management within mental health services, the most recent UK wide guidance was published in 2009, while international guidance for the assessing and management of service user risks also appears sparse. This perspective paper reports on a consultation and co-production project to provide up-to-date best practice principles in clinical risk management to enhance the consistency, quality and safety of mental health practice in the UK mental health services, and for mental health services in other English speaking countries. A three-stage approach was used including literature review, referral to mental health experts for review and final evaluation and sign off by users of mental health services as experts by experience. Ten principles for best practice were confirmed as a benchmark for practice and are offered as a benchmark to improve the quality and safety of mental health practice
residua.txt:rob.lycett/recent.works
No full textAn exhibition of recent works by Rob Lycett which explores the relationship between language and material substance. 04.09.2025 – 27.09.2025In A Land Gallery2nd Floor, Linden Mill, Hebden Bridge HX7 7DPThursday & Friday (1-6 pm), Saturday (12-4 pm)www.inaland.ukPrivate View: Thursday 4th September 6-8p
from the eye of the white horse (2025)
No full textAn automatic writing on black board. This piece is a more portable version of my studio door, which appears as a photograph on the exhibition poster. Rumour has it that the chalk was donated to the artist by a Wiltshire horse. The evidence is contained within a sample jar
Fostering well-being and resilience in you and your nursing team
No full textNurses’ resilience and well-being continues to be significantly impacted through the pressures faced working in healthcare and with the unprecedented demands being placed upon them as the health services struggles with significant demands and limited resources. Despite there being a renewed focus on supporting the resilience and well-being of nurses there is varied understanding of these concepts. Often, pressure will be placed on the individual nurse to maintain their own resilience and well-being. However, increasing evidence shows the importance of organisational and team leadership and its impact on the resilience of nurses and ultimately their well-being.In order to support the development of nurses and nurse leaders, theoretical underpinnings of resilience and well-being are presented, followed by two models of well-being: the Muchness Model and Rogers’ Availability and Vulnerability Model, for consideration and reflection. Finally, activities to support resilience and wellbeing are presented with resources to review that have been shown to support well-being and resilience on an individual, team and organisational basis
The paradox of expertise:How resource conservation dynamics shape knowledge sharing and innovative behavior among experienced external new hires
No full textOrganizations experience a performance paradox when recruiting experienced external new hires (EENHs), whose superior expertise cannot effectively generate the expected innovation. We draw on the conservation of resources theory to examine the associations among EENHs’ expected reciprocity, knowledge sharing, innovative behavior, and the moderating role of perceived overqualification. Analyses based on a time-lagged survey of 318 EENHs and 63 supervisors reveal an inverted U-shaped relationship between expected reciprocity and knowledge sharing, which is moderated by perceived overqualification. We contribute to knowledge transfer research by unraveling the non-linear expertise investment patterns among resource-rich employees and advance knowledge governance literature by demonstrating how perceived resource superiority requires tailored governance mechanisms. We offer managerial implications for organizations seeking to leverage external talent for innovation
Initial Condition Retrieving for Hybrid and Numeric Planning Problems
No full textReal-world applications of planning techniques often deal with dynamic and noisy environments, where sensor readings are often inaccurate, and the world’s states can evolve in unexpected ways. This is particularly challenging for hybrid discrete-continuous planning approaches, where processes and events can be strongly affected by even slightly different initial conditions of the world, and planning tasks are notoriously difficult to cope with. In this paper, we introduce the Initial Condition Retrieving (ICR) problem to foster hybrid planning in real-world applications. Given a knowledge model of a planning task and a trace, solving the ICR problem allows identifying the space of all the initial conditions from which the provided plan is guaranteed to reach a goal state. We define three tasks: (i) retrieving any valid initial condition, (ii) fixing only some desired initial values and retrieving a complete initial condition that fills in the unassigned values, or (iii) retrieving the closest achievable initial condition to a fully specified one from which the goal cannot be reached. Experiments on well-known hybrid planning domains demonstrate the efficacy of our approach in solving such tasks. Moreover, given that our approach can be applied to numeric planning without any change, we extend our analysis to numeric domains, where we obtain positive results.</p
Alternatives to animal testing are the future — it’s time that journals, funders and scientists embrace them
No full textBiomedical research techniques that don’t involve the use of animals are gaining momentum, but those using innovative approaches still face resistance from some quarters.</p
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