19684 research outputs found
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Bien 2025: Textile Art Biennial Slovenia:Tipping Point
No full textContemporary textile art will be presented at more than 25 locations as part of BIEN 2025, featuring 80 international and Slovenian collectives, artists, creators, and researchers, along with 200 students of textile art and design. The main venue of the biennial is Layer House in Kranj, with additional locations including Lantieri Palace in Gorizia, the Rotunda by Ravnikar at the Nova Gorica Theatre, the Jesenice Market, mining facilities and the renovated Mercury Smelting Plant in Idrija, the chapel of the Škofja Loka Castle, and the Crobath Family House, which will greet visitors entering the old town center of Kranj.The curator of the artistic program is Lovro Ivančić.Claire Barber exhibited Tipping Poin
Hydrogen as a sustainable combustion fuel:Performance, challenges, and pathways for transition to low-carbon propulsion systems
No full textThe urgent need to decarbonise the transportation sector, responsible for 21 % of global greenhouse gas emissions, has spurred significant interest in hydrogen as a clean alternative fuel. This comprehensive review synthesizes experimental, numerical, and computational studies on hydrogen-fueled combustion in compression ignition (CI), spark ignition (SI), and jet engines, evaluating its potential to reduce emissions while maintaining performance. In CI engines, hydrogen supplementation in dual-fuel configurations achieves substantial reductions in CO, CO 2, and particulate matter emissions, up to 98 %, 62 %, and 85 %, respectively, though NOx emissions rise at higher hydrogen energy shares (HES > 30 %). Advanced strategies such as exhaust gas recirculation, water injection, and optimised injection timing partially mitigate NOx emissions, yet trade-offs persist. In SI engines, hydrogen's high laminar flame speed and wide flammability range support ultra-lean combustion, yielding brake thermal efficiency improvements up to 34.23 % and near-zero CO and unburned hydrocarbon (UHC) emissions. The integration of hydrogen with biofuels and ammonia presents synergistic sustainability gains but introduces complexities in combustion dynamics, notably NO x and N 2O formation. For Jet engines (aviation), hydrogen's gravimetric energy density enables up to 64 % reductions in specific fuel consumption and 73 % reductions in emission indices, though volumetric density constraints and cryogenic storage requirements necessitate reengineering of aircraft architecture and combustion systems. The review further examines the implications of hydrogen blending with natural gas, biodiesel, and ammonia across diverse engine types, highlighting emerging trends in injection strategies, compression ratio tuning, and hybrid powertrain configurations. For instance, ammonia-hydrogen blends achieve 30.65 % brake thermal efficiency (BTE) gains but require careful NOx control. Despite promising gains in efficiency and emissions reduction, the widespread adoption of hydrogen ICEs hinges on overcoming challenges related to fuel storage, injection technology, knock control, and regulatory compliance. This work consolidates state-of-the-art insights and charts a strategic path for hydrogen's role in advancing low-carbon, high-efficiency propulsion systems.</p
Modelling hydrogen peroxide adsorption on cerium dioxide:the effect of surface strain
No full textCeria nanoparticles are nanozymes that can serve as important biomedical tools mimicking enzymes. The main issue with using metal oxide nanoparticles is the control of their surface speciation, which ultimately affects catalytic activity. Herein, we employ density functional theory calculations to unravel the adsorption of hydrogen peroxide and its dissociation products (hydroxyl, peroxide, superoxide and hydroperoxide) and the effect of strain on the absorption. Indeed, all nanoparticles are affected by intrinsic strain. We found that molecular H2O2 is unstable on the {100} surface at all strains, whereas hydroxyl radicals can be stabilized on reduced surfaces because of the electron transfer from surface Ce3+. Upon dissociation, the peroxide ion is not always the most stable adsorbed species on all surfaces, whether strained, unstrained, stoichiometric or reduced, and superoxide species may also occur under tensile strains. Our thermodynamic methodology connects atomic-level findings to particle morphology in relation to environmental factors such as temperature and vapor pressure. Regardless of the strain applied, the adsorption of hydrogen peroxide and its dissociation products fails to access nanoparticle shapes other than octahedral, which is not ideal for peroxidase activity considering the characteristics of the {111} surface which is less effective in anchoring the adsorbed species
Impact of social media on knife crime in the UK
Get PDFKnife crime in the UK has risen by 80% in the last ten years. There has also been a huge increase in knife-related media and social media coverage. The media often promotes knife-related violence to try and deter young people from carrying a knife. Studies have shown that social media platforms that show knife imagery in their ‘anti-knife campaigns’ do not always stop young people from carrying them. It captures their attention, and they often become de-sensitised to violence involving knives and sharp instruments. Small disputes can turn into real-world violent acts, as seen in real-life cases such as the murder of 13-year-old Olly Stephens in 2021, which was orchestrated by three teenagers via social media. Research suggests that social media platforms may facilitate the spread of violent content, often without regulation. Social media algorithms amplify engagement with knife-related content, which then causes harmful exposure to knife-related violence online for young people. There is an urgent need for better social media regulations to moderate online violence and stop young people from engaging and becoming de-sensitized to violence. Addressing this issue is detrimental in reducing the normalisation of knife crime
Teenage kicks:Exploring shared syntax through bidirectional crosslinguistic priming: Evidence from Polish-English bilingual adolescents and adults
No full textA developmental account of how bilinguals organise syntactic knowledge is crucial to understanding their mental representations. While adult studies suggest that syntactic representations can be shared across languages, evidence from child and adolescent heritage speakers remains limited and mixed. We conducted two syntactic priming experiments with adolescent heritage speakers of Polish in the UK (N = 35, mean age = 15;3) to test whether they would produce (1) relative clauses (RCs) instead of adjectival phrases for attributive relationships, and (2) possessor-second structures for possessive relationships with referential possessors, following cross-linguistic priming. A third experiment tested first-generation Polish-speaking adult immigrants in the UK (N = 32) on the same tasks. Adolescents were resistant to priming for RCs, whereas adults showed bidirectional priming. Both groups were primed to produce possessor-second structures only in Polish, where this is the canonical word order. Results indicate that increased proficiency and language experience facilitate priming for less frequent, complex structures like RCs, supporting shared syntax only in adults. For highly frequent constructions like possessives, where Polish and English differ in word order, priming occurred only when consistent with the language-specific preference. This underscores the role of frequency, canonicity, and complexity in shaping bilingual syntactic representations across development
How time is experienced and conceptualised when conducting ethnography mapping NEET interventions in education settings
No full textThe importance of ‘time’ is well-established within ethnography, yet how time is experienced and conceptualised in specific research settings remains embryonic. Duncheon and Tierney’s (2013) theory of time is developed to understand how time is accepted, valued and recorded by both the ethnographer and the participants in a neoliberal, post-covid era where virtual means of communicating are fast developing. Data mapping interventions for young people vulnerable to becoming NEET illustrate how time is experienced differently according to the site, participants, research questions, the opportunity to explore emerging issues and the management of available stakeholders and resources. How the ethnographer manages time can sometimes come into conflict with neoliberal ways of working. Nevertheless, ethnographers must retain the value of spending time becoming immersed in the daily lives of people to gain trust, give voice to participants who may otherwise be muted and resist temptations to quickly plunder fields for data.</p
How the Sarah Everard Case has Changed Public Perceptions of Police Officers
No full textNews can have profound effects on public perceptions of the police. The public's views of the police following the widespread case of Sarah Everard have yet to be examined, despite it's link to violence against women and girls. This research explored the impact of this case on public perceptions of the police in the period afterwards. An analysis of 107 social media posts uncovered seven themes showing this case caused extreme fear and anxiety. While some viewed the incident as a “bad apple,” most tweets showed distrust toward the police force as a whole, raising repercussions for police–public relationships and reporting decisions.</p
Psychosocial burden of diabetes in Africa:A systematic review and meta-analysis
Get PDFThis review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize the extent of the psychosocial burden among persons with diabetes (PWD) in Africa. A total of 83 relevant articles published between 2000 and 2024 which reported on the psychosocial burden of diabetes (depression, anxiety, diabetes distress, or mental quality of life) were identified through electronic searches in Medline, PsycINFO, PubMed, CINAHL, and African Journals Online. The pooled prevalence of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, moderate-to-high diabetes distress, and low mental quality of life were 43.3% (95% CI: 37.7–49.1, n = 34 studies), 38.8% (95% CI: 27.4–51.5, n = 12 studies), 48.8% (95% CI: 34.2–63.6, n = 8 studies), and 43.9% (95% CI: 35.6–52.6, n = 8 studies) respectively. These findings emphasize the substantial psychosocial burden faced by PWD in Africa and the need for integrating mental health into diabetes care in the region
Deposition:A DPM and PBM Approach for Particles in a Two-Phase Turbulent Pipe Flow
No full textParticle deposition is a phenomenon that occurs in many natural and industrial systems. Nevertheless, the modelling and understanding of such processes are still quite a big challenge. This study uses a discrete phase model (DPM) to determine the deposition constant for the particles in a liquid phase flowing in a horizontal pipe. This study also develops a steady-state population balance equation (PBE) for the particles in the flow involving deposition and aggregation and an unsteady-state PBE for particles depositing on the wall. This establishes a mathematical relationship between the deposition constant and velocity. An industrial setting of a 1000 m long pipe of 0.5 m in diameter was used for the population balance modelling (PBM). Based on the extracted deposition constant from the DPM, it was found that the particle deposition velocity increases with the continuous flow velocity. However, the number and volume of the deposit particles on the wall reduce with the increase of the continuous flow velocity. The deposition was found mainly taking place in the inlet region and reduces significantly towards the pipe outlet. The deposition was also found driven by advection of particles. Calculated deposit thickness showed that increasing the continuous flow velocity from 1 m s−1 to 5 m s−1, the thickness at the inlet would reduce to nearly 1/40th. With a 10 m s−1 flow, this would be 1/80th
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