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Insights from the psychedelic experience integration session: Verbatims differentiate 3-month abstinence in alcohol use disorder with depressive symptoms
No full textInternational audienceResponders were distinguished by narratives of inner dialogue and adaptive coping, while non-responders emphasized sensory and affective descriptions and suppressive coping. Inner dialogue may constitute a distinct therapeutic mechanism, highlighting the importance of preparation and integration in psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy
Biological skin and psychic skin: rethinking the connection through “Tact-Pulsion”
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AVATAR-Soils Database: A Database of 137Cs and 239+240Pu in Equatorial and Southern Hemisphere Reference Soils
No full textInternational audienceA total of 1122 reference soil profiles with 137Cs and 239+240Pu data from 135 publications were included to build a database under the AVATAR Project (“A reVised dATing framework for quantifying geomorphological processes during the AnthRopocene”), with a focus on compiling available data from the Equatorial and Southern Hemisphere regions. The AVATAR-Soils Database covers parts of the continents of Asia and the Sub-Saharan Africa, and the whole of Oceania and South America. The 137Cs (decay-corrected to 2024) and 239+240Pu data extracted from the literature include the inventory (in Bq/m2) and average activities (in Bq/kg) of the soil profile collected, and the 137Cs/239+240Pu activity and 239Pu/240Pu atomic ratios. In addition to the 137Cs and 239+240Pu data, the associated spatial, climatic, and topographic parameters and sampling details were also added in the database. The database contains the metadata describing the column names, separate tabs for 137Cs and 239+240Pu, and the list of publications. To cite the AVATAR-Soils Database, please use: Dicen, G., Guillevic, F., Gupta, S., Chaboche, P.-A., Meusburger, K., Sabatier, P., Evrard, O., and Alewell, C.: Distribution and sources of fallout 137Cs and 239+240Pu in equatorial and Southern Hemisphere reference soils, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 1529–1549, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1529-2025, 2025. ***NOTES TO RESEARCHERS*** Researchers who wish to add data to the AVATAR-Soils Database may do so through the following link: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/15R-rDMH6zW65B3ok3YRb0cdtyY67X_mdlC0H1t1atoY/edit?usp=drive_lin
Publication Performance and Trends in Dental Anxiety Research: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis
No full textInternational audienceObjective This bibliometric analysis aimed to systematically evaluate publication performance and identify evolving trends in dental anxiety research over the past three decades, providing a structured overview of key research topics and thematic progression. Methods The study analyzed 1556 articles indexed in the Science Citation Index Expanded database from 1991 to 2024. Data extraction included titles, abstracts, author keywords, and Keywords Plus. The analytical approach incorporated bibliometric indicators such as total citations, citations per publication, and annual publication trends. A word analysis technique identified five major research topics and their evolution across three distinct periods: 1991–2011, 2012–2019, and 2020–2024. Results Analysis highlighted significant growth in dental anxiety research publications, particularly in recent years, reflecting increased global interest. The study identified five main thematic areas: etiology and risk factors, clinical presentation and consequences, prevalence and assessment tools, treatment and preventive interventions, and pediatric dentistry. The trends indicated a growing emphasis on multidisciplinary approaches, like cognitive–behavioral therapy (CBT) and adjunctive therapies such as virtual reality and aromatherapy. Pediatric dentistry consistently emerged as a critical field, underscoring the importance of early interventions. Conclusion This bibliometric review demonstrated substantial advancements in understanding dental anxiety, emphasizing multidisciplinary treatments and tailored pediatric interventions. Future research should focus on integrating novel therapeutic strategies and refining preventive measures to mitigate dental anxiety effectively
China’s land carbon sinks: from improved estimates to opportunities for better management
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Placental crises: disruptive selection and maternal under‐investment as the foundations of mammalian placental evolution and dysfunction
No full textInternational audienceAmong the vertebrates, mammals are notable for the dominance of live birth and placental nutrition. The structural diversity of the mammalian placenta is remarkable, despite sharing a single common ancestor and conserved physiological functions. Historically, investigations into the evolution of the mammalian placenta have been grounded in 'the efficiency paradigm', i.e. the assumption that certain placental configurations permit easier nutrient exchange, but this paradigm has struggled to explain the diversity of mammalian placentation strategies. Here, we propose a new paradigm to understand mammalian placental evolution. Using multidimensional plotting of recorded placental structures, quantitative metrics for mammalian maternal investment, and illustrative computational modelling of physiological processes, we argue that the ancestral mammalian placenta is not a streamlined 'highly efficient' design, but rather a product of low maternal investment, with fitness costs that manifest as gestational demand increases. Expansion of small mammals into larger-bodied, longer-lived niches induces a 'placental crisis' characterised by maternal under-investment and chronic gestational dysfunction, triggering an arms race through the interaction of disruptive selection and materno-fetal conflict. We propose the acute severity of the placental crisis is the foundation of placental evolution. We go on to argue that some primates are currently in a state of placental crisis and that maternal under-investment and inappropriate placentation are the evolutionary foundations of human gestational dysfunctions such as pre-eclampsia. We conclude that the ancestral mammalian placenta was not an efficiently optimised design that allowed placentation to dominate the clade, but rather an idiosyncrasy of mammal-specific biology, which likely hindered mammalian expansion into larger-bodied niches
Excess mortality in adults and adolescents with epilepsy, view from a 10-year nationwide cohort
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction: People with epilepsy present an excess risk of mortality, but questions remain regarding the underlying causes and risk distribution. Here, we estimated the excess mortality by age and sex among adults and adolescents with epilepsy in France and identified their main causes. Methods: A national cohort study was conducted between 2009 and 2019, with adults and adolescents aged between 12 and 60 years and having at least one hospitalization, assurance record, or delivery of anti-seizure medication linked to epilepsy on the French National Health Data System (SNDS). Mortality rates and standardized mortality ratios (SMR) were estimated according to age and sex. Specific causes of death from death certificates were also explored. Results: Between 2009 and 2019, 619,753 patients were included, of whom 60,033 (9.7%) died during follow-up, corresponding to a mortality rate of 9.55 [9.30; 9.79] per 1,000 person-years. Compared with the general population, people with epilepsy had a 3.33-fold higher risk of death [3.24; 3.41], with a higher risk in women than in men, with SMRs of 4.11 [3.94; 4.29] and 2.99 [2.90; 3.09], respectively. Excess mortality was found for all causes of death, particularly neurological causes. Women with epilepsy presented a higher excess risk of death than men, especially between 20 and 40 years old. Conclusion: Our findings provide further evidence of increased mortality in patients with epilepsy. Remarkably, we found major differences according to sex, which have been largely overlooked so far. The fact that young women with epilepsy are at risk poses additional clinical and societal challenges
To what extent are the IASI water vapour profiles representative of the conditions in the autumn before the HPE? Lessons learned from the WaLiNeAs campaign
No full textInternational audienceThe WaLiNeAs campaign took place along the north-western Mediterranean coast between October 2022 and January 2023. This period was marked by unusual weather conditions associated with dry autumn and winter. In such conditions and for the first time, eight ground-based stations equipped with water vapour Raman lidars were strategically deployed by four European countries. We studied the consistency of this network with the water vapour mixing ratio (WVMR) products derived from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) and the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Reanalysis (ERA5), which assimilate IASI radiances. The statistical metrics used in the comparison are the mean bias (MB, defined as lidar -IASI or ERA5), the root mean square error (RMSE) and the correlation coefficient (COR). A positive MB of approximately 0.9 g kg -1 (respectively 0.6 g kg⁻¹) between 0.2 and 5 km above mean sea level (amsl) indicates a systematic underestimation of the WVMR by IASI (respectively ERA5). RMSE values range from 1 to 2 g kg -1 across all lidar stations for IASI and ERA5, while the measurement uncertainties of the lidars are typically below 0.4 g kg -1 . COR presents little variation between stations, it ranges from 0.7 to 0.8 and remains almost constant between 0.2 and 5 km amsl. Both the IASI and the ERA5 products appear to accurately reproduce the temporal variability of the vertical structure of water vapour in the low troposphere. Nevertheless, they show MB and RMSE significantly above the uncertainties of lidar measurements
Le télocyte testiculaire
No full textInternational audienceLe télocyte est une cellule interstitielle qui a été longtemps négligée, mais elle fait aujourd'hui l'objet de nombreuses recherches dans plusieurs organes. Cette cellule présente une morphologie qui varie en fonction du nombre de télopodes, de longues prolongations cellulaires, au nombre de deux à cinq par cellule. Cette morphologie lui permettrait d'accomplir une variété de rôles, dont certains restent à confirmer. Sa présence dans le testicule suggère un rôle dans la régulation des fonctions endocrines et exocrines particulières à cet organe. Cet article fait la synthèse des connaissances actuelles sur cette cellule si particulière et sur ses rôles potentiels dans le testicule
Mid- and far-infrared spectral signatures of mineral dust from low- to high-latitude regions: significance and implications
No full textInternational audienceMineral dust absorbs and scatters solar and infrared radiation, thereby affecting the radiance spectrum at the surface and top-of-atmosphere and the atmospheric heating rate. While half of the outgoing thermal radiation is emitted in the far infrared (FIR, 15-100 µm), knowledge of the optical properties and thermal radiative effects of dust is currently limited to the mid-infrared region (MIR, 3-15 µm). In this study we performed pellet spectroscopy measurements to evaluate the MIR and FIR contribution to dust absorbance and explore the variability and spectral diversity of the dust signature within the 2.5-25 µm range. Thirteen dust samples re-suspended from parent soils with contrasting mineralogy were investigated, including low and mid latitude dust (LMLD) sources in Africa, America, Asia, and Middle East, and high latitude dust (HLD) from Iceland.</div