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Postpartum catatonic syndrome with complete remission in less than 24 hours: A case report
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Impact of adverse life experiences on pain, depression, anxiety, and comorbidities: a youth longitudinal sample
No full textInternational audienceAbstract Introduction: Exposure to adverse life experiences (ALEs) renders individuals vulnerable to the emergence of pain, depression, and anxiety. It remains unclear to what extent these symptom categories share common ALEs, especially in cases of comorbidity, and how these relationships manifest in developmental trajectories and neural pathways. Objectives: In this study, we investigated the impact of ALEs, considering their timing, quality, and quantity, as well as structural brain changes, on pain, depression, and anxiety symptoms, and their comorbidity from adolescence to young adulthood. Methods: We used prospective and retrospective questionnaires and magnetic resonance imaging data from a large European longitudinal cohort (N = 1700) spanning from 14 to 25 years. We conducted Latent-Class-Growth-Analysis for symptom levels of pain, depression, and anxiety, subsequent logistic regressions to explore prediction of ALEs on symptom classes, and mediation analysis to examine the role of insula in this association. Results: Physical illness unrelated to pain, bullying, and abuse-maltreatment were associated with pain; sexual abuse, bullying, parental violence, and deprivation with depression; bullying and deprivation with anxiety; substance abuse in the household and abuse-maltreatment with pain–depression comorbidity; deprivation with pain–anxiety comorbidity. Smaller insula volume in late adolescence was a significant mediator for the association between deprivation-related ALEs and the pain–anxiety, but not the pain–depression comorbidity. Conclusion: Together, although various and mainly different types of ALEs strongly impact pain, depression, and anxiety symptoms and their comorbidity, insula volume impacts are specific for pain–anxiety comorbidity. These findings may inform early screening and prevention for individuals affected by ALEs
First-in human assessment of the UroActive <sup> <i>®</i> </sup> electronic Artificial Urinary Sphincter for treating male stress urinary incontinence (SUI)
No full textInternational audienceIn men with SUI, the UroActive® device demonstrates promising feasibility, safety, and functional outcomes during the 365 days post-activation. Patients experienced substantial symptom improvement and high satisfaction, with no surgical revisions. Larger studies with extended follow-up are needed to confirm these findings and assess long-term device performance
Atherectomy-assisted treatment or balloon angioplasty for atherosclerotic common femoral artery disease?
No full textInternational audienceSummary: Background: To compare atherectomy-assisted endovascular revascularization with balloon angioplasty for the treatment of common femoral artery disease (CFAD). Materials and methods: In a multi-centre retrospective research collaborative, data from consecutive patients who underwent endovascular revascularization of the groin were analysed. Primary endpoints were clinically driven target-lesion-revascularization (CD-TLR) and improvement of clinical symptoms by Rutherford categories (RC). Kaplan-Mayer analyses were used to evaluate these endpoints over time in patients undergoing atherectomy-assisted versus conventional endovascular treatment. In addition, retrospective case-control matching was performed, considering patient and lesion specific characteristics. Lesion calcification was assessed using the PACSS scoring system. Results: Of 225 patients, 179 (79.6%) underwent atherectomy-assisted treatment, whereas 46 (20.4%) underwent balloon angioplasty. Mean age was 72.0 (66.0–79.0) yrs, 139 patients (61.8%) had intermittent claudication and 84 (37.3%) had chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI). Involvement of the deep femoral artery femoral was present in 137 (60.9%) cases, whereas lesion calcification was moderate to severe (PACSS 2–4) in most cases (88%). Atherectomy had low complication rates (perforation in one (0.6%) patient and distal embolization requiring re-intervention in 2 (0.9%) patients) and lower rates of bail-out stenting compared to angioplasty (5.1% versus 36.7%, p<.0001). No perforation or distal embolization was observed in the angioplasty group. After matching for patient and lesion characteristics CD-TLR (HR=4.0, 95%CI=1.0–15.0, p<.05) and RC improvement rates both favoured atherectomy (93.5% versus 73.1%, p<.05). Conclusions: Atherectomy-assisted endovascular revascularization of CFAD seems to be associated with lower stent placement and re-intervention rates compared to balloon angioplasty. Future prospective trials with longer follow-up duration are now warranted
Widespread enhancement of ecosystem carbon fluxes during post moisture pulse
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Evolving global oceanic nitrogen deposition under future emission pathways and responses to nitrogen emission reductions
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Education, Employment, Income, and Urban–Rural Differences as Drivers of Social Inequalities in Environmental Exposures: Evidence from the UK Biobank
No full textInternational audienceThis study investigates the social patterning of environmental exposures, examining how three socioeconomic position dimensions influence exposure to air pollution, road traffic noise, and availability of green spaces, in both urban and rural areas in England, Scotland, and Wales. Using data from the UK Biobank cohort study, we assessed associations between three individual markers of socioeconomic position: educational attainment, household income, and employment status, and three environmental exposure domains: residential airborne pollutants, residential road traffic noise, and residential green and blue space. In urban areas, participants with lower educational attainment, lower household income, or those who were unemployed exhibit a higher exposure to airborne pollutants. Household income also influences the vicinity to green spaces and natural environments, with lower incomes experiencing less green and natural environments in both the rural and urban contexts. Retired individuals experienced lower exposure to airborne pollutants and lived in areas with more green spaces or natural environments compared with employed individuals. These patterns were consistent across England, Scotland, and Wales, although some geographical and national differences were observed. The study highlights the complex interplay among socioeconomic factors, geographical location, and environmental exposures. Our findings suggest that socioeconomic position is a key determinant of specific external exposomes, with socioeconomically disadvantaged groups experiencing more adverse environmental conditions
A Bench Evaluation of the Effects of Circuit Configurations on Instrumental Dead Space During Home Mechanical Ventilation
No full textInternational audienceBackground: A number of circuit configurations can be proposed for implementing mechanical ventilation, most of which are likely to impact the instrumental dead space and thus, on alveolar ventilation. This bench study was designed to investigate the effects of circuit configuration on P CO 2 with constant ventilator settings ( iso-V T condition; V T : tidal volume ) and to evaluate the modifications of V T required to maintain stable alveolar ventilation with each circuit configuration ( iso- P ET CO 2 condition ; end-tidal CO 2 partial pressure being considered as a surrogate for alveolar ventilation). Methods: A total of 17 configurations were evaluated, including valve and leak circuits, heater humidifier or different heat and moisture exchangers, with or without catheter mount, and both invasive and noninvasive situations. All these evaluations were performed at 2 different respiratory rate, both in iso-V T and iso- P ET CO 2 conditions. Results: With valve circuits, modifications of instrumental dead space resulted in P ET CO 2 variations reaching up to 16 mm Hg from one configuration to another. The corresponding increase in the required V T to compensate for the additional dead space reached up to 120 mL. Leak circuits significantly reduced the effects of instrumental dead space compared with valve circuits. Conclusions: Any modification of the circuit configuration requires a systematic reevaluation of ventilation efficiency