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No full textTechnical Bulletin No. 87Use of poor quality water in agriculture and aquaculture facilitates the contaminants to enter the food chain, which in turn pose threat to human and environmental health. The concern is to mitigate the risk associated with use of poor quality water in agriculture and aquaculture and to maintain water quality for sustainable food production. A brainstorming workshop was organized on “Water Quality Issues and Policy Guidelines in Agriculture and Aquaculture” on 13th January 2023 with 25 Panelists from different Institutions (Central
- State - Local Governments) and 54 participants in total. The recommendations of the brainstorming sessions are published for its future use by researchers, stakeholders, administers and policy makers.Not Availabl
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No full textChapter 1 of Training manual “Seafood Quality Assurance”Not AvailableNot Availabl
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No full textChapter 11 of Training manual “Seafood Quality Assurance”Not AvailableNot Availabl
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No full textNot AvailableLegumes are ubiquitous, low-cost meals that are abundant in protein, vitamins, minerals, and calories. Several biotic constraints are to blame for the global output of legumes not meeting expectations. Fungi, in particular, are substantial restrictions that not only hinder production but also pose a serious health risk to both human and livestock consumption. Athelia rolfsii (Syn. Sclerotium rolfsii) is a dangerous pathogenic fungus that attacks most crops, causing massive yield losses. Legumes are no longer immune to this dreadful fungus, which can potentially result in a 100% yield loss. The initial disease symptoms based on the formation of brown color lesions at the point of infection and further development of mycelia, followed by yellowing and wilting of the whole plant. To tackle such situation, various strategies, i.e., management in cultural practices, disease-free plant growth, genetic changes, crop hybridization and in vitro culture techniques have been undertaken. This present review encapsulates the entire situation, from sclerotial dissemination through infection development and control in legume crops, with the goal of developing a tangible understanding of sustainable legume production improvements. Further study in this area might be led in an integrated manner as a result of this information, which could contribute to a better understanding of the processes of disease incidence, resistance mechanism, and its control, and fostering greater inventiveness in the production of legumes.Not Availabl
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No full textNot AvailableThis study was conducted to evaluate the antagonistic potential of volatiles emitted from seven Trichoderma
spp.against 4 major rice diseases and to investigate their role in enhancement of growth and vigour of rice
plants. Isolates were identified based on both morphological characteristics as well as molecular assay. Their
biocontrol potential was evaluated and T. erinaceum completely inhibited the growth of Pyricularia oryzae
and Bipolaris oryzae. It also inhibited growth of Ceratorhiza oryzae-sativae and Rhizoctonia solani by 64
and 50%, respectively. Sandwich plate method showed that volatiles emitted from T. erinaceum could
reduce the mycelial growth of all four pathogens. GC-MS analysis indicated emission of 6-Pentyl- 2H-pyran
2-one from T. erinaceum in large quantity. Seed treatment with Trichoderma enhanced vegetative and
reproductive growth of rice cultivar, Sahbhagidhan. Over-expression of defense enzymes like catalase and
superoxide dismutase in shoot and peroxidase in both root and shoot were observed in Trichoderma treated
plants. Results of this study suggest that T. erinaceum obtained from the rice rhizosphere can be used as a
potential biocontrol agent against major rice diseases and as a growth inducer. It can also be utilized as an
efficient source to produce 6-Pentyl-2H-pyran-2-one for further use.Not Availabl
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No full textChapter 2 of Training manual “Quality Assurance of Fish and Fish Products”Not AvailableNot Availabl
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No full textNot AvailableThree GramaPanchayats in Kerala's Alappuzha district undertook community-level participatory action research in 2019–2021. A total of 90 coconut farmers participated in the adoption of ICAR-CPCRI technology to produce West Coast Tall (WCT) coconut seedlings that are resistant/tolerant to the root (wilt) disease at the community level. Partners included extension agents, coconut producers' societies (CPS) and clusters, women self-help groups (WSHGs), and agricultural labor organizations. The characteristics of technologies that are suggested for adoption in root (wilt) disease-affected tracts, such as the scientific management of young coconut trees and the production of high-quality seedlings through community nurseries, challenge the idea of adoption. There are a lot of variances in the homestead gardens' marginal holdings, including expertise, the use of technology, and access to advisory services. Government agencies provided the majority of the seedlings and extension advisory services, emphasizing the necessity for FPO-based or private extension in the coconut growing industry. The coconut farmers' understanding has significantly improved as a result of the participatory interventions for managing seedlings. The participatory demonstration and community farm school (CFS) strategy is discussed in the paper as a way for homesteads to manage juvenile coconuts while integrating new ideas and fostering cross and reciprocal learning. Refining the current extension approach requires integrating new knowledge about the characteristics of seedling growth, future economic performance, and social evaluation of choices of technological, individual, and skill-oriented interventions in risk-prone areas with debilitating root (wilt) disease.Not Availabl
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No full textNot AvailableBackground and Objectives: Zein proteins of maize endosperm are nutritionally poor, but important for vitreous kernel texture. The Opaque‐2 mutation enhances the protein quality but downregulates zein expression, distorting the kernel texture. Quality protein maize (QPM) is nutritionally improved, hard endosperm maize developed by introgression of endosperm modifiers under an opaque‐2 background. The present study aims to analyze the variability in zein expression patterns in normal, opaque‐2, and QPM lines through sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and two‐ dimensional gel electrophoresis analyses.
Findings: Results revealed that the total number of zein isoforms is almost similar in opaque‐2, normal, and QPM lines. Overall, in this study, it is concluded that the opaque‐2 mutation specifically affects the expression of high‐molecular‐weight zeins, which are being counterbalanced by the expression of low‐molecular‐weight zein isoforms and nonzein proteins. Conclusion: Genomic data retrieval studies revealed the possible presence of multiple 27 kDa isoforms with varied isoelectric points (pI), which is a subject for further investigation. The differential expression of 15 kDa zein in QPM emerged as a novel player in endosperm modification.
Significance and Novelty: The present study provides insight into the diversified expression of zeins in different maize types. The variable isoform expression has the potential to generate stable QPM lines by targeting effective isoforms, ensuring endosperm modification without hampering the nutri tional quality.Not Availabl