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No full textChapter 51 of Training manual “In-plant training under student ready program”Not AvailableNot Availabl
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No full textChapter 59 of Training manual “In-plant training under student ready program”Not AvailableNot Availabl
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No full textChapter 60 of Training manual “In-plant training under student ready program”Not AvailableNot Availabl
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No full textChapter 2 of Training manual “Technological Interventions in Processing, Value addition and Packaging of Aquatic Resources”Not AvailableNot Availabl
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No full textChapter 8 of Training manual “Technological Interventions in Processing, Value addition and Packaging of Aquatic Resources”Not AvailableNot Availabl
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No full textNot AvailableBanana starch is explored for its use in food and pharmaceutical applications. In this study, in order to improve the techno-functional properties of native banana starch (NS), different chemical modifications namely acid thinning (AT), oxidation (OX), sodium-trimetaphosphate method (STMP), cross linking phosphorylation (CLP), hydroxypropylation (HYP) were employed. Among the modified starches, amylose content was higher in CLP starch and the least was observed in AT. Resistant starch (RS) of HYP (65.38 %) and CLP starches (62.76 %) were significantly higher than other modified starches. Lesser amylose, higher water solubility and lower swelling of AT starch resulted in inferior paste clarity and inability to make a firm gel. Non-Newtonian behaviour of starch gels were observed from static viscosity observations. The dynamic rheological behaviour of the starch gels affirmed the higher gel strength of STMP (0.46) and CLP (0.56) starches. Imperfection and exo-corrosion in starch morphology was observed through SEM and influence of chemicals on the starch structure was elucidated through FTIR and XRD analyses. Except AT starch, modified starches with higher RS resulted in lowering glycemic index (57–69 %). STMP starches recorded highest prebiotic activity score of 0.88. Chemical modifications enable to enhance the functionalities of banana starch and offers potential industrial uses.Not Availabl
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No full textNot AvailablePlants have a complex system of stress response that deals with different types of stresses. Maize (Zea mays L.), one of the most important crops grown throughout the world, across a range of agro-ecological environments, employs complex mechanisms of gene regulation in response to drought stress. HKI 335 is a tropical maize inbred line showing remarkable adaptation to drought stress. Abiotic stresses, like drought, trigger the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the incomplete reduction or excitation of molecular oxygen, eventually leading to cell damage. Superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) is a metalloenzyme that acts as the first line of defense against ROS. We cloned the Sod2 gene from HKI 335 inbred line and analyzed its protein through detailed in silico characterization. Our comparative modeling revealed that at the level of tertiary structure, the HKI 335 SOD2 protein is highly similar to Potentilla atrosanguinea SOD2, which had been previously identified as highly thermostable SOD that can tolerate autoclaving as well as sub-zero temperatures. We performed phylogenetic analysis, estimated physicochemical properties, post-translational modifications, protein-protein interactions, and domain composition of this SOD2. The phylogenetic analysis showed that orthologous sequences of SOD from different species were clustered into two clusters. Secondary structure prediction indicates that SOD2 is a soluble protein and no transmembrane domains have been found. Most of the beta sheets have RSA value greater than 2. The Ramachandran plot from PDBsum revealed that most of the residues fall in the highly favored region. It was estimated that the value of the instability index was less than 40, the value of the aliphatic index was extremely high and the GRAVY value lies between −2 and +2. We could identify only one phosphorylation site, located at position 20 with a score of 0.692. Overall, the unique stress-tolerant properties of the HKI 335 SOD2, may be one of the reasons contributing to the high drought tolerance trait exhibited by HKI 335 maize inbred line. Further research may reveal more insights into the drought adaptation mechanism in maize and the eventual deployment of the trait in maize hybrids.Not Availabl
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No full textChapter 1 of Training manual “Advances in fishing gear materials”Not AvailableNot Availabl
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No full textChapter 5 of Training manual “Advances in fishing gear materials”Not AvailableNot Availabl
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No full textNot AvailableThe microbe “Cronobacter sakazakii” is a string test positive that inhabit different environs and thrives in adverse dry conditions. The ecosystem for Cronobacter is completely undefined. The incidence of Cronobacter is observed in different varieties of foodstuffs namely dry type, “powdered infant formula (PIF),” milk powder, tea powder, mushroom, starches, wastewater, animal meat, and fish products. Although C. sakazakii-contaminated food has not gained health importance, mitigation measures for containment need to take into consideration the occurrence in foodstuffs, constituents, during harvest and postharvest handling, processing, product development, and deterrence, making it as a potential cradle of this contagion due to postinfection-related health complications and high mortality rates. C. sakazakii recovered from various sources such as animal products, fish and fishery products, milk products, herbal teas, and starches exhibited resistance to different antimicrobial drugs. Despite the fact that the rate of occurrence of C. sakazakii is low, in view of its diversity, virulence nature, high mortality rates coupled with the emergence of obduracy to drugs, especially multiple drug resistance, and the high possibility of transfer, this candidate microbe needs complete attention in order to restrict its entry, particularly into infant foods.Not Availabl