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Characterization of boron-coated silicon sensors for thermal neutron detection
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Impact of simulation fidelity on student self-efficacy and perceived skill development in maritime training
Get PDFMaritime education and training (MET) has a long tradition of using simulator training to develop competent seafarers and relevant seafaring skills. In a safety critical domain like maritime industry, simulators provide opportunities to acquire technical, procedural and operational skills without the risks and expense associated with on-the-job training. In such training, computer-generated simulations and simulators with higher realism are inferred to better training outcomes. This realism, or the extent to which simulators replicate the experience of a real work environment, is referred to as the “fidelity” of a simulator. As the simulation technology develops, the maritime industry adapts to more advanced, higher fidelity simulators. However, the cost of a simulator generally increases with increasing fidelity, and thus practical and economic constraints must be considered. In this paper, we investigated two types of simulators on perceived skill development of the students at engine room simulation training. We compared the self-efficacy levels of 11 second year marine engineering students and their perceived skill development between two different fidelity engine room simulators. The result suggests that students have higher motivation and prefer to train with immersive training simulators compared to the traditional training. This article aims to add to existing knowledge on the influence of fidelity of simulators in training effectiveness in maritime education and training.publishedVersio
Poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline)-b-poly(lactide) (PiPOx-b-PLA) Nanoparticles in Water: Interblock van der Waals Attraction Opposes Amphiphilic Phase Separation
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Corrosion of armor wire steel in the annulus of flexible pipes at near neutral pH
Get PDFStress corrosion cracking (SCC) of carbon steel may occur at near neutral pH in deoxygenated solutions with high bicarbonate concentration. Similar conditions are encountered in the annular space of flexible pipes when it is filled with CO2 containing condensed water or seawater. The CO2 diffuses from the bore into the annulus through the polymer sheets. Corrosion of the armor wires in contact with the water will result in high levels of Fe2+ and bicarbonate (HCO3-). Several studies have indicated that SCC may occur in solutions with high HCO3- concentration by production of elemental hydrogen during the corrosion reaction. The objective of the present study was to investigate if such conditions can persist for sufficiently long time in the annulus of flexible pipes to induce SCC of armor wire steel. It implies that the nucleation and growth of siderite (FeCO3) is so slow that the solution remains supersaturated for days to weeks. The results show that it is possible. At temperature lower than 40 °C and CO2 partial pressure of 10-5 kPa the saturation ratios (SR) of siderite can remain much higher than 1 and maintain a near-neutral pH for several hundred hours. However, the corrosion rate of armor wire steel at these conditions is low. Siderite precipitates at the steel surface and the cathodic reaction rate becomes diffusion controlled. Paper reproduced with permission from CORROSION/2019 Annual Conference and Exhibition. www.nace.orgpublishedVersio
