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Long- and short-range structures of Ti1-xHfxNi1.0/1.1Sn half-Heusler compounds and their electric transport properties
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Acid reactions in hub systems consisting of separate non-reactive CO2 transport lines
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Carbon capture – from waste to energy: a stylized case from a pioneering initiative at Klemetsrud, Oslo. Report to the CLIMIT – demo project 618215: Potential for financing and pricing Carbon Capture in Waste-to Energy Installations in cities
Get PDFOslo has recently been given the European Environmental Capital award for 2019, following its adoption of an ambitious green strategy of reducing CO2 emissions by 50% by 2022, and by 95% by 2030. A core premise for Oslo reaching its goals is, however, that the city’s waste to energy plant installs carbon capture for sequestration (CCS). With 400,000 tons of CO2 emissions per year (Fortum 2019), Oslo’s Klemetsrud waste to energy plant is the largest single point carbon emitter in the city, and with these emissions it will be impossible for Oslo to reach its CO2 targets. However, carbon capture at Klemetsrud also carries significance in a wider global climate perspective. Global climate models are increasingly reverting to CCS in order to arrive at scenarios that are compatible with the Paris Agreement . This has created new pressure for CCS implementation, and Klemetsrud – if successful – could be an important trigger for CCS in Europe. This report is a styilized business case study of the Klemetsrud CCS project in light of four different regulatory scenarios.Carbon capture – from waste to energy: a stylized case from a pioneering initiative at Klemetsrud, Oslo. Report to the CLIMIT – demo project 618215: Potential for financing and pricing Carbon Capture in Waste-to Energy Installations in citiessubmittedVersio
Corrosion of candidate materials for use in alkaline water electrolysis
Get PDFIn alkaline water electrolysis the capital expense (CAPEX) of the electrolyzer unit is high and cost reduction, wherever possible, is highly desired. Many parts are made of expensive nickel-based alloys, which in some cases may be an overly conservative option. Careful evaluation of the operating conditions may reveal that expensive alloys may be replaced by cheaper ones in parts of the system. In this paper the corrosion behavior of candidate materials, relevant for use in atmospheric and pressurized alkaline water electrolysis systems, is evaluated at typical operating conditions (i.e. 1-30 bar pressure, 60‑80 °C and 25 wt% KOH). The materials tested are one austenitic stainless steel (UNS S31603), one super duplex stainless steel (UNS S327X0) and one carbon steel (UNS K03014), with one nickel base alloy (UNS N06625) included in the matrix as a reference material. Performance is evaluated based on mass loss corrosion and localized corrosion based on surface profilometry. Corrosion scales and their protectiveness are evaluated based on analysis using SEM/EDS and XRD. Carbon steel was found to have lower corrosion rates than the other steels at all temperatures. Paper reproduced with permission from CORROSION/2019 Annual Conference and Exhibition. www.nace.orgpublishedVersio
Combination of a millimeter scale reactor and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for mapping higher order silane formation during monosilane pyrolysis
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Environmental impacts of a chemical looping combustion power plant
Get PDFChemical Looping Combustion (CLC) is a promising CO2 capture option since it inherently separates CO2 from other flue components, theoretically with low energy penalty. Here, a Life Cycle Assessment model was developed of a theoretical hybrid CLC (HCLC) power plant facility utilising experimental data for CuO based oxygen carrier (OC) production and oxygen capacity. Power plant models with and without post-combustion CO2 capture, recognised as the most mature capture technology, acted as environmental performance targets. Results show that when OC is produced at lab-scale without optimisation, almost all (>99.9%) lifecycle impacts per kWh electricity from an HCLC plant derive from the specific OC material used, giving a total of ˜700 kg CO2eq/kWh. This is related to high electrical input required for OC processing, as well as high OC losses during production and from plant waste. Only when processing parameters are optimised and OC recycling from plant waste is implemented - reducing fresh OC needs – is the environmental impact lower than the conventional technologies studied (e.g. 0.2 kg CO2 eq/kWh vs. ˜0.3-1 kg CO2 eq/kWh, respectively). Further research should thus focus on identifying OCs that do not require energy intensive processing and can endure repeated cycles, allowing for recycling.publishedVersio
Poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline)-b-poly(lactide) (PiPOx-b-PLA) Nanoparticles in Water: Interblock van der Waals Attraction Opposes Amphiphilic Phase Separation
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