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Automated Behavior Labeling for IIoT Data
Get PDFWe present an automated data analysis tool for IIoT applications that discovers process behavior patterns in sensor data. It takes time-varying sensor data from reference production cycles and performs clustering on summary statistic feature vectors derived from raw sensor data over configurable window sizes. It automatically labels the raw sensor data based on distinct behavior modes represented by the clusters. The tool wraps, as a web service deployed in a Docker container, the AI model represented by clusters/behavior modes discovered in the reference sensor data. We have successfully evaluated the tool over four industrial datasets. Demo video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MhSnwPDnAh0.acceptedVersio
CO2 capture from offshore oil installations: An evaluation of alternative methods for deposition with emphasis on carbonated water injection
Get PDFCapture and storage of CO2 from gas turbine power plants can be an alternative to electrification from shore to reduce the emissions from petroleum production facilities on the Norwegian Continental Shelf. The objective of this work was to analyse and rank various options for storage using technical economic analyses. The following alternatives were considered:
1. Dissolution of CO2 in sea water and aquifer storage of carbonated water
2. Injection of pure CO2 into an aquifer
3. Compression of CO2 and pipeline transport to a collection centre
4. Liquefaction of CO2 and ship transport to a collection centre
5. Dissolution of CO2 in sea water and injection into oil fields (carbonated water injection, CWI)
For each alternative the investment costs and operating costs were estimated, and the net present values were determined. Credit for saved CO2 tax was included as incomes for all alternatives. The CO2 tax is expected to increase significantly from present level to Year 2030. For Alternative 5, CWI into oil fields, incomes from incremental oil production was also included. This required more comprehensive analyses. Using both a heterogeneous and a homogeneous field scale simulation model incremental oil productions and CO2 retention were estimated for CWI into both green and brown fields cases.
The economic calculations show that alternatives 1 – 4 have negative net present values. A higher future CO2 tax than presently envisaged will be needed to make the alternatives economically viable. All cases related to Alternative 5 (project lifetime, heterogeneous and homogeneous reservoir models, green and brown fields) exhibit positive net present values due to incremental oil production. Most, but not all, injected CO2 remained in the reservoir, depending on the injection period.
Oxygen in the captured CO2, formation of gas hydrates and corrosion of well materials may cause operational problems of injecting sea water with dissolved CO2. These aspects have been briefly discussed. Some additional measures may have to be taken to alleviate undesired effects, but none of the issues are likely to prohibit implementation of CWI.
The results obtained suggest that CWI into producing oil reservoirs offers an economic viable and safe way for disposal of CO2 captured from offshore petroleum production plants provided that a capture plant can be installed, and that the remaining lifetime of the reservoir is so long that the benefits of improved oil recovery can be realised.publishedVersio
Electrification of airports and air transport: Airports becoming integrated energy systems
Get PDFReduction of transport emissions, including critical infrastructures like airports, is a consistent part of the European political goals. Introduction of local renewable energy sources into a complicated energy system as a modern airport requires dedicated optimisation tools and methods. The present paper presents results of comparing two modelling tools OSeMOSYS and Integrate applied for configuration of two case airports: Torino (Italy) and Stavanger (Norway) respectively. The results outline optimal paths for sustainable decarbonisation creating integrated energy systems, which rely on utilisations of locally available resources as PV, Wind and biomethane or deployment of a local hydrogen network, the latter a fundamental enabler for a long-term strategy based on hydrogen. The study highlights the importance of dedicated modelling tools for planning and operation phases for integrated energy systems.Electrification of airports and air transport: Airports becoming integrated energy systemsacceptedVersio
Perceptions of customer-facing digital technology: a qualitative interview study from grocery retail
Get PDFPurpose: The purpose of this study is to provide in-depth knowledge on customer-facing technology and customer experience in the grocery retail sector, including how the value-added potential of customer-facing technologies may be enhanced.
Design/methodology/approach: The analysis is based on 30 in-depth interviews with “early adopters” of customer-facing digital retail technologies in the Norwegian grocery sector. Theoretically, the study draws on notions of the customer journey and customer experience.
Findings: The study contributes to deepening insights concerning how digital retail technology is used and may be geared to further increase value for customers, specifically how retailers may use data on customers and products to personalize digital retail technology offerings and gain a competitive advantage. The findings underline how customer value is context-dependent and show that while grocery retail customers primarily emphasize utilitarian benefits related to customer-facing technologies, hedonic benefits are valuable biproducts. Moreover, the study showcases how personalization is key in addressing customers’ needs and wants, and may serve to increase the overall value of customer-facing technologies for customers and retailers.
Originality/value: The study’s sector-specific focus on technology in use contributes to enhance knowledge on how digital retail technologies can be leveraged to the benefit of customers and retailers, including customers’ sector-specific needs and wants.acceptedVersio
Adoption, acceptability and sustained use of digital interventions to promote physical activity among inactive adults: a mixed-method study
Get PDFIntroduction: Despite the positive effects of physical activity (PA) to prevent lifestyle diseases and improve health and well-being, only one-third of Norwegian adults meet the minimum recommendations on PA. Digital interventions to promote PA in inactive adults may improve health and well-being by being available, personalized and adequate. Knowledge on users’ adoption, acceptability and sustainability of digital interventions to promote PA is still limited.
Objective: To investigate the adoption, acceptability and sustained use of three digital interventions for promoting PA among inactive adults.
Design: A randomized control trial (ONWARDS) with 183 participants assigned to 3 groups and followed up for 18 months. All participants received a wearable activity tracker with the personalized metric Personal Activity Intelligence (PAI) on a mobile app, two groups received additional access to online training and one group had also access to online social support.
Methods: A mixed-methods approach was used to address the study objective. Acceptability was evaluated through the System Usability Scale (SUS) (n = 134) at 6 months. Adoption and sustained use were evaluated through a set of questions administered at 12 months (n = 109). Individual interviews were performed at 6 months with a sample of participants (n = 18). Quantitative data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, whereas qualitative data were analyzed using the Framework approach.
Results: PAI was the most successful intervention, with satisfactory usability and positive effects on motivation and behavior change, contributing to high adoption and sustained use. Online social support had a high acceptability and sustained use, but the intervention was not perceived as motivational to increase PA. Online training had low adoption, usability and sustained use. The qualitative interviews identified five main themes: (1) overall approach to physical activity, (2) motivation, (3) barriers to perform PA, (4) effects of PA, and (5) usability and acceptability of the digital interventions.
Conclusion: Personalized digital interventions integrating behavior change techniques such as individual feedback and goal setting are more likely to increase acceptability, adoption and sustained use. Future studies should investigate which digital interventions or combinations of different interventions are more successful in promoting PA among inactive adults according to the characteristics and preferences of the users.
Trial registration: Clinical trial registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04526444.publishedVersio
Pyintegrity: An Open-Source Toolbox for Processing Ultrasonic Pulse-EchoWell Integrity Log Data
Get PDFMany companies offer similarly designed wireline tools using ultrasonic pulse-echo measurements toevaluate barrier integrity in cased-hole wells. While these tools provide very similar data, differentcompanies process their data using different algorithms, typically to estimate the pipe wall thickness andthe outer material's acoustic impedance. While the algorithms themselves are public, no openly availablesoftware implementations are available. Therefore, we have developed an open-source software toolboxcalled Pyintegrity implementing many of these algorithms. In this article, we demonstrate Pyintegrity byapplying its algorithm implementations to a well integrity log from the open Volve Data Village dataset. Ourresults demonstrate that it is quite possible to process data recorded by a particular tool using processingalgorithms developed for use with other similar tools, and we find a good correspondence between thedifferent processing algorithms. Comparing the results produced by the different processing algorithms letsus confidently identify certain features in some of the results as processing artifacts that do not reflect thephysical state of the well.acceptedVersio
MPC-based control structure for high-power charging stations capable of providing ancillary services
Get PDFThe adoption of more electric vehicles (EVs) is going to pose some challenges for the grid due to the increase in demand for high-power charging. These issues will get further exacerbated with energy production moving from synchronous machines towards renewable energy sources (RES) with low inertia. High-power charging stations will thus, play a vital role since they can cause large power peaks but can also provide flexibility, especially if equipped with other resources, e.g., a battery energy storage system (BESS) and local energy production. These resources could be used for load shifting and to provide ancillary services for the grid if managed correctly. This paper proposes a hierarchical control structure for operating a high-power charging station that can provide ancillary services. The control structure uses model predictive control (MPC) for economic management of the local resources while also controlling reactive and active power to improve the voltage quality. Additionally, a droop-based control is used to enable frequency support as an ancillary service. Finally, simulations show how the proposed control structure can improve the operation of the grid while simultaneously increasing the daily profits of the charging station by 20% compared to a rule-based control strategy and by over 35% when ancillary services also are provided. © 2024 The Author(s)MPC-based control structure for high-power charging stations capable of providing ancillary servicespublishedVersio
Optimising Nurse Staffing at the Emergency Department of Ålesund Sykehus
Get PDFThis report summarises the initiatives undertaken in the Emergency Department (ED) of Ålesund sykehus to enhance patient care and theworkday for nurses. The objective was two-fold and involved addressing nurse understaffing and optimising rostering efficiency. We analysed care demand and nurse capacity and identified a misalignment. Based on this, we designed a new shift schedule, which was then used as input together with legal requirements and staff wishes to make an optimal roster. The ED leader devised a roster plan from the optimal roster, which was then further adjusted and implemented. The performance of the realised rosters in 2022 and 2023 appears to be very similar. Based solely on the data, it is difficult to attribute the entire coping of the increase in workload to the initiatives taken, but they have certainly contributed. The ED leader’s experience is that the introduction of the newshifts has helped managing the workload in the afternoon and evening, and that the situation would have been considerably worse without the implemented measures.publishedVersio
Nullutslippsområder. Fra pilotprosjekt til allemannseie
Get PDFDet haster å finne løsninger for å redusere energibruken, klimagass-utslippene og forbedre forsyningssikkerheten. Forskning i FME ZEN har dokumentert et energisparepotensial i den norske bygnings-massen på hele 40TWh innen 2050. Energieffektivisering i bygg vil redusere effektbehovet, spare kostnader til utbygging av ny fornybar kraft, skape nye arbeidsplasser og redusere energifattigdom. Å sette søkelys på områder i stedet for enkeltbygg gir mulighet for bedre utnyttelse av ressursene. En satsing på utvikling av nullutslippsområder kan derfor bli nøkkelen til å nå energi- og klimamål, uten store kostnader og naturinngrep.publishedVersio