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Reviewing the Soil Abrasion Test™: Insights from two decades of NTNU and SINTEF research
Full text linkLaboratory testing of soil abrasion at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) and SINTEF has been executed for more than two decades. The testing has resulted in a large database of laboratory test results, enabling possibilities for research, qualitative assessment as well as regressions. The main customers of soil abrasion testing are
from the tunnelling industry, which uses this as an input and indicator of excavation tool life on tunnel boring machines (TBMs), as well as the soil’s potential to cause secondary wear on cutterheads, cutter chambers and other parts of the TBM. The aim of this research paper is to give insight into the strengths and weaknesses of the abrasion test performed at the NTNU and SINTEF laboratory, called the Soil Abrasion Test™. Information on test equipment and procedures are given, a revised abrasivity classification based on the Soil Abrasion Test (SAT™) is proposed, and the advantages and limitations of the SAT™ test are discussed.publishedVersio
Vertikal innendørs dyrking - Muligheter og begrensninger i et norsk perspektiv
Full text linkSINTEF har i 2024 gjennomført et prosjekt med støtte fra Forskningsmidlene for jordbruk
og matindustri (FFL/JA), der hovedmålet var å kartlegge muligheter og utfordringer
innenfor vertikal innendørs dyrking i Norge. Denne rapporten utgjør en av leveransene
fra dette prosjektet. Som en del av prosjektet har vi gjennomført en spørreundersøkelse
med næringen, og dette har gitt oss verdifulle tilbakemeldinger knyttet til erfaringer og
muligheter i Norge. I tillegg har vi gjennomført en omfattende litteraturstudie på
innendørs dyrking, med fokus på både muligheter og begrensninger. Basert på dette har
vi drøftet denne dyrkingsmetoden i et norsk perspektiv, og vi har forsøkt å presentere et
nyansert bilde av de mulighetene som denne metoden gir i Norge. En generell utfordring
med denne dyrkingsmetoden har vært høye kostnader, og da i første rekke kostnader til
arbeidskraft, elektrisitet og investeringer relatert til lokaler og utstyr. Vi har derfor valgt å
rette et spesielt søkelys på disse tre områdene, og på hvordan nye løsninger, innovasjon
og forskning kan bidra til å redusere de respektive kostnadene.publishedVersio
Avoided emissions through reuse: The contribution of ReStore in Trondheim's circular economy transition
Full text linkBottom-up initiatives are as important as top-down measures for accelerating the circular economy transition in cities. To highlight this, the primary objective of this research is to estimate the avoided emissions through the direct reuse of household items facilitated by ReStore. The non-profit student volunteer organisation based in Trondheim, Norway used inventory data from 2019 to 2023 to conduct a life cycle assessment of its operations. The functional unit is the weight of items given away for reuse to ReStore's visitors within one semester. Additional emissions from the organisation's activities and replacement rates are accounted for in this study. The results indicate savings of approximately 100 tonnes of household items during this period, amounting to actual avoided emissions of about 415 tCO2e after subtracting the additional emissions of 0.7 tCO2e. This study shows the impact of student volunteer non-profits as change agents in a bottom-up approach to achieving a circular economy.publishedVersio
Impact of external factors on bus speed profile: insights from continuous GPS data analysis
Full text linkOperational speed plays a crucial role in transportation analysis, influencing decisions in planning, infrastructure design, and traffic management. To achieve a comprehensive understanding of operational speed profiles, consideration of static, dynamic, and external factors is essential. In this study, we leverage continuous GPS data from buses, integrating vehicle type characteristics, road features, traffic volumes, and meteorological data. More than 35,000 observations were used in two Ordinary Least Square (OLS) models to address three key questions: (a) how does passenger weight influence the speed profile? (b) how traffic volumes influence the speed profile? (c) how do different weather conditions affect the speed profile? for low-speed or high-speed roads. Results show that higher load on the vehicles, larger traffic volumes on the roads and snowfalls on high-speed roads, significantly reduced the operational speed. In addition, the results demonstrate the importance of considering multiple predictors to accurately estimate speed dynamics. These findings highlight the need of a multivariate approach to account for the nuanced interactions between factors. By incorporating these insights, transportation planners can make informed decisions to enhance the efficiency, safety, and sustainability of transportation systems.publishedVersio
An Efficient Residue Perturbation Scheme for Passivity Enforcement of S-Parameter Rational Models
No full textRational black-box macromodels are widely used in behavioral studies of electrical interconnects and package structures. These models are required to be passive to guarantee stable time-domain simulations. This article describes a highly efficient variant of the passivity enforcement method known as residue perturbation, adapted for use with scattering parameter models. The efficiency improvement is achieved by sparsity-aware conversion of the associated constrained least squares problem into a compacted nonnegativeleast squares problem, which is solved for using an efficient solver. The method is shown to be suitable for large scale cases with many ports and frequency samples, giving fast computations with low memory requirements. Relevant examples from package and interconnect modeling are solved in a short calculation time on a normal PC.An Efficient Residue Perturbation Scheme for Passivity Enforcement of S-Parameter Rational ModelsacceptedVersio
Onshore Direct Electrical Heating – potential challenges and solutions
Full text linkDirect electrical heating (DEH) is a field proven flow assurance technology for subsea flowlines. In this paper, challenges and opportunities of onshore direct electrical systems are evaluated. Onshore DEH is found to be feasible and behave similarly to regular subsea DEH. Design parameters, such as the thermal resistivity of soils, flowline burial depth and ambient temperature may have wide windows for operation along the flowline length and over time. To design the system, these design parameters must be established and kept within reasonable limits. It is recommended to design the piggyback cable with a semi-conductive jacket for reliability. The anode performance in soils under alternating currents is unknown and needs further attention.Onshore Direct Electrical Heating – potential challenges and solutionspublishedVersio
Policies shaping energy transitions in ports and harbours: A 'whole systems' perspective from Norway
Full text linkCurrent climate and energy policies aim for zero emission ports, emphasizing their key role in sustainable energy transition. However, the future demand and supply of energy is uncertain. The long-term interaction between transition policies, regulations, and techno-economic trends is difficult to foresee, making it challenging for ports to prioritise between alternative solutions and strategies. Moreover, ports are situated in local contexts, with different resources and capabilities. This paper reviews policy trends at the international, EU, and national levels, using Norway as the case in point. We apply a socio-technical 'whole systems' perspective to shed light on the current policy mix interacting with the energy system around ports, and the opportunities and challenges this implies for port companies. The discussion is based on a systematic reading of current policy documents, and interviews and workshops with four Norwegian ports. We consider interactions across production, distribution, and use of energy, paying special attention to the changing couplings between these subsystems. Based on the identified scope and strategies, we argue that more effort should be made to strengthen ports’ capabilities as interface actors. The paper contributes to current research on complex system interaction by providing an empirical study illuminating the dynamic interplay between institutional, technological, and actor-based couplings in ‘whole systems’ change. © 2025 The AuthorsPolicies shaping energy transitions in ports and harbours: A 'whole systems' perspective from NorwaypublishedVersio
Tyrving – Weathering properties and behaviour at sea - In relation to oil spill response
Full text linkA standardized bench-scale weathering study has been conducted on Tyrving crude oil located in the North Sea. The dispersibility testing was included to estimate the viscosity limits and the time window for dispersant use. The laboratory data were used as input to the SINTEF Oil Weathering Model (OWM) for weathering predictions from a surface release of Tyrving at sea at 5 and 15 °C, reflecting winter and summer conditions. The weathering properties of Tyrving are also discussed in relation to oil spill response.Aker BP ASApublishedVersio
Flooded with potential: urban drainage science as seen by early-career researchers
Full text linkThis opinion paper reflects on the current challenges facing urban drainage systems (UDS) research, along with solutions for fostering sustainable development. Over the course of a year-long project involving 92 participants aged 24–38, including PhD candidates, post-doctoral researchers, and early-career academics, we identified critical challenges and opportunities for the sustainable development of UDS. Our exploration highlights four key challenges: limited public visibility leading to resource constraints, insufficient collaboration across subfields, issues with data scarcity and data sharing, and geographical specificities. We emphasise the importance of raising public and political awareness regarding UDS's vital role in climate adaptation and urban resilience, advocating for blue-green infrastructure and open data practices. Additionally, we address systemic academic barriers that hinder innovative research. We call for a shift away from metrics that prioritise quantity over quality. We recommend establishing stable career pathways that empower early-career researchers. This paper aims to catalyse a broader community dialogue about the future of UDS research, uniting voices from various career stages. By presenting actionable recommendations, we aim to inspire fundamental changes in research conduct, evaluation, and sustainability, ensuring the field of UDS is prepared to meet pressing urban water management challenges worldwide.publishedVersio
