Jurnal Online STTKD (Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Kedirgantaraan)
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Exploring Film as Popular Art Promoting Scarred Villain Trope
No full textAs an influential art form, cinema holds the power to shape social norms. One of the most enduring cinematic conventions is the “scarred villain” trope, wherein facial differences as scars convey moral corruption. Recent advocacy efforts challenge this trope, implying a possible evolution in portrayals of facial differences. We analyzed top-grossing films, spanning four decades in the United States and two decades in India, to assess how facial differences are represented. Contrary to expectations, the scarred villain trope has intensified over time. This escalation occurred alongside increased non-villainous characters with anomalies. Country of origin did not predict the presence of facial differences in villains or heroes, but the “Action” and “Fantasy” genres most frequently depicted villains with anomalies. Furthermore, villains’ facial differences involved more facial subunits than heroes. These findings underscore how cinematic art can reinforce damaging stereotypes, highlighting the need for critical reflection on the cultural power of film
How Studying Community Colleges Impacts Learners: Reducing Community College Stigma and Improving Community College Advocacy
No full textThis evaluation focuses on a speaker series of community college studies presentations. The seven monthly presentations were led by professors and an institutional researcher who conduct research on community colleges. Example presentation topics included the history of community colleges, policy reforms in community college developmental education, and transfer receptive culture. The presentations’ primary audience was community college students. I interviewed 12 community college student attendees and then analyzed interview transcripts using structural coding and thematic analysis. Two themes were identified. The first theme was that the presentations improved most students’ perceptions of community colleges. To elaborate, the presentations destigmatized community colleges and dismantled a deficit thinking paradigm. Moreover, interviewees reported that their improved perceptions of community colleges helped with their academic engagement and social engagement at their community college. The second theme was that the presentations improved most students’ interest and ability in community college advocacy. For example, several attendees informally shared the knowledge they gained from the presentations to empower their community college peers. Furthermore, several attendees became more effective advocates within formal institutional positions such as student advisory group member, office assistant, or peer advisor. These evaluation findings align with past research that suggests that community college studies can improve learners’ perceptions and advocacy around community colleges
Qualitative analysis of the reflection of the mathematical dimension of gambling in gaming online content - second technical report
No full textThis technical report shows some partial results for the variables of the proposed statistical analysis and a discussion about some changes in sampling. In what concerns the qualitative analysis of content, the report presents the general predominant tendencies that get contoured with the first two samples. Among them, the SEO approach at the expense of poor quality of content gets more and more visible and is responsible for the low values of the variables describing the reflection of the mathematical dimension of gambling in online content. In general, the SEO approach is hypothesized to affect content as to its expert dimension and epistemic goals
Why Partisans Feel Hated: Distinct Static and Dynamic Relationships with Animosity Meta-Perceptions
No full textPartisans hold inaccurate perceptions of the other side. What drives these inaccuracies? We address this question with a focus on partisan animosity meta-perceptions (i.e., how much a partisan believes opposing partisans hate them). We argue that predictors can relate to meta-perceptions statically (e.g., at a specific point in time, do partisans who post more about politics on social media differ in their meta-perceptions relative to partisans who post less?) or dynamically (e.g., does a partisan who increases their social media political posting between two defined time points change their meta-perceptions accordingly?). Using panel data from the 2020 U.S. presidential election, we find variables display distinct static and dynamic relationships with meta-perceptions. Notably, between individuals, posting on-line exhibits no (static) relationship with meta-perceptions while, within individuals, those who increased their postings over time (dynamically) became more accurate. The results make clear that overly general statements about meta-perceptions and their predictors, including social media activity, are bound to be wrong. How meta-perceptions relate to other factors often depends on contextual circumstances at a given time
With or without a system: How category-specific and system-wide cognitive biases shape word order
No full textThere are certain recurrent features of language that characterise the way whole language systems are structured, and others that target specific categories of items within those wider systems. For example, languages tend to exhibit harmonic (i.e. consistent) ordering between heads and dependents, making it a kind of system-wide regularity. While this tendency is generally robust, some categories of linguistic items deviate from this trend. We examine one such case of non-harmony, namely the order of the noun with respect to two dependents -- adjectives and genitives. Using two silent gesture experiments, this study tests the hypothesis that category-specific cognitive biases favour postnominal adjective order and prenominal genitive order. Further, we show that the influence of these biases is revealed in contexts where no conventionalised system is in place. When a system is in place, participants learn that system, and category-specific biases do not impact their learning. Our results suggest that different types of linguistic contexts reveal the influence of separate types of cognitive biases, such that some are active during learning and others are active during language creation
Habit-enjoyment-effort theory
No full textHuman behaviour has caused an exponential increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change declared consumer behaviour a key target for climate change mitigation, but effective behaviour change interventions can only be developed based on a valid theory of the drivers of such behaviour. Theories shaping our current understanding rely heavily on cognitive constructs. Yet empirical evidence suggests that this focus may limit opportunities to develop new, different, effective behavioural change interventions. We propose an alternative theory based on habit, effort and enjoyment (HEET) and test its predictive validity against the dominant theory of environmentally significant behaviour: value belief norm (VBN) theory. HEET outperforms VBN in predicting self-reported environmentally significant behaviours, pointing to the need for new theories containing currently neglected theoretical constructs as basis for developing new types of behaviour change interventions aimed at contributing to United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goal 12: ensuring sustainable consumption
The effects of mnemonic variability and spacing on memory over multiple timescales
No full textThe memory benefit that arises from distributing learning over time rather than in consecutive sessions is one of the most robust effects in cognitive psychology. While prior work has mainly focused on repeated exposures to the same information, in the real-world mnemonic content is dynamic with some pieces of information staying stable while others vary. Thus, open questions remain about the efficacy of the spacing effect in the face of variability in the mnemonic content. Here, in two experiments we investigated the contributions of mnemonic variability and the timescale of spacing intervals, ranging from seconds to days, to long-term memory. For item memory, both mnemonic variability and spacing intervals were beneficial for memory, however, mnemonic variability was greater at shorter spacing intervals. In contrast, for associative memory, repetition rather than mnemonic variability was beneficial for memory, and spacing benefits only emerged in the absence of mnemonic variability. These results highlight a critical role for mnemonic variability and the timescale of spacing intervals in the spacing effect, bringing this classic memory paradigm into more ecologically valid contexts
Metrics for Quantifying Co-development at the Individual Level
No full textPrevious research on co-development has focused on modeling the relations at the group level, however, how individuals differ in co-development may provide important information as well. Recent work has used vector plots to visually explore individual differences in co-development, however, these judgements were made based on visual inspection of a vector plot rather than the calculation of metrics. Here we propose two metrics that can be used to quantify co-development at the individual level: the co-development change ratio (CCR) and the angle of co-development metric (ACM). CCR provides information about the symmetry of development, examining whether an individual grew the same pace in one skill relative to peers as compared to growth in the other skill relative to peers. ACM represents the relative amount and direction of change on each skill. This paper provides a tutorial on how to calculate and interpret these two metrics for quantifying co-development at the individual level
Shoreline Dynamics Assessment of Bangladesh using Integrated GIS-DSAS Techniques
No full textCoastal areas of Bangladesh are more susceptible to the adverse effects of climate change due to their geographic location and geological condition. The coastal zones and offshore islands of the country have indisputably experienced the combined consequences of global temperature and sea level rise. Aiming to study and understand shoreline dynamics and shoreline change, medium resolution (30m) satellite imagery over 30 (1990-2020) years was being executed. The Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) in the GIS platform was used in conjunction with other geospatial techniques to ascertain shoreline dynamics in multiple satellite images taken over this period, and afterward, the spatial outcomes were validated through a detailed field investigation. The study demarcated that the shoreline of Dublar Char is subjected to severe erosion and accretion and has undergone significant morphological changes. On the basis of average shoreline change rates, the island's shoreline is divided into 6 accretion zones and 4 erosion zones, with accretion being the dominant process. Accretion occurs in the south and south-western parts of the island, particularly those near
the sea heads, which have experienced significant accretion at a rate of more than 86 m/yr and the consequent westward and south-east migration of the shore due to the active deposition along the coast. Besides, minor alterations were observed in the north and north-eastern part of the island. The study also evident that climate change, windy storms, variability in coast material, intermittent wave and air action, longshore transport, and anthropogenic activities are prime factors that contribute to the highly dynamic nature of the shorelines of Dublar Char island. Therefore, this study demonstrates the benefit of using an integrated GIS-DSAS tool to investigate spatiotemporal shoreline change, and it might be valuable in land-use planning and coastal erosion mitigation on Dublar Char Island