Institute of Social Sciences
IRISS Repository of Institute of Social Sciences (Belgrade)Not a member yet
2648 research outputs found
Sort by
Transnational competences and cultural capital: the experiences of two groups of highly educated returnees to Serbia
Get PDFThe aim of this paper is to contribute to a better understanding of the transnational competencies and cultural capital of migrants, as well as the mechanism of their transfer after returning to their countries of origin, based on Bourdieu’s conception of cultural capital. Using the example of two groups of highly educated returnees to Serbia – scientists and artists – the paper analyses the possibilities of the reproduction of cultural capital in a new, transnational context, between countries of origin and destination, as well as processes of transformation and the creation of new forms of cultural capital.
Returning to Serbia was a transnational experience for a large number of respondents. This process was gradual, despite their expressed desire to return to live and work in Serbia. In some cases, it lasted for years, or the respondents were professionally present in both communities at the same time. Establishing themselves in several different societies enabled the respondents to open new transnational fields in which cultural capital was transformed and upgraded. This significantly helped them to better understand the differences in the functioning of the society of origin and destination, as well as to develop innovative opportunities to apply better communication and/or transfer knowledge and skills between the two settings. New forms of cultural capital have helped a large number of respondents come to the realisation that getting to know new cultures and improving communication with them brings new qualities and opportunities for global positioning in a professional sense. They also influence the formation of new life aspirations and missions that can spread new cultural practices that are relevant to the wider community.
The results of the research show that the two observed groups of highly skilled returnees differ somewhat in the way they have access to institutional support in the process of transferring cultural capital. Artists, especially if they work as freelancers upon their return to Serbia, have a significantly lower opportunity to use institutional support than researchers in science and teaching staff in tertiary education institutions. In that sense, they rely more on social capital, i.e. informal migrant networks, and in that way they look for ways to transform their cultural capital into economic capital. On the other hand, scientific institutes and universities have a relatively high degree of academic engagement and cooperation at both the national and international levels. Therefore, they possess elements of the transnational social field, that is, they represent multiple intertwined networks of professional and social relations through which scientists have the opportunity to exchange, organise, and transform ideas, practices, and resources. Although these processes take place in an uneven way, especially in the transnational context, they provide an opportunity to develop cosmopolitan, transnational cultural capital through the interaction of different types of competencies, which can be transformed into other forms of capital. Finally, it should be noted that the conclusions of this empirical research are based on a non-representative sample and cannot be generalised
Prohibition on the burning of crop residues on agricultural land
Get PDFBurning plant residues is a practice that some farmers apply on agricultural land after the harvest. It causes numerous harmful effects on the land, environment, climate, and can endanger the lives of people, animals and property. This paper analyzes the legal regulations of the European Union and individual member states in order to find an answer to the question of how to regulate the ban on burning crop residues. Given that a large number of fires occur in the Republic of Serbia every year in the post-harvest period, special attention is paid to the analysis of domestic regulations to find answers to the question of whether this decades-long problem is caused by inadequate legal regulations or whether the existing regulations are not applied properly
Taxation and public spending policies in EU economies
Get PDFThe countries of the European Union have faced numerous changes in the last few years, starting
with Brexit, the large influx of migrants, the economic impact of pandemic, and the current energy
crisis, etc. All those changes directly affected public finances. To ensure their macroeconomic
stability, the member countries of the Union adopted certain measures in the sphere of fiscal
policy. The goal of the paper is to determine changes in the area of fiscal policy based on the
analysis of the share of direct and indirect taxes, as well as the share of public spending in the
gross domestic product of the European Union countries. The research refers to the time period
2015-2020 and it is based on the method of comparative analysis. The research results show that at
the level of the EU27 average, there is a noticeable growth in the percent of direct taxes and
public spending in the gross domestic product. Likewise, the results showed that the share of
social benefits in the gross domestic product also increased. Such a trend can be interpreted as a
response of fiscal policy to changes that negatively affect the social security of citizens,to ensure the stability
of public finances in the countries of the European Union
Etika i pravo u pedijatrijskoj zdravstvenoj zaštiti
No full textRad je napisan kao posebno poglavlje br. 2 knjige velikog broja autora, priređene u dva toma od strane Udruženja pedijatara Srbije i u saradnji sa Katedrama pedijatrije Medicinskih fakulteta u Srbiji. Glavne odrednice teksta obuhvataju celovit pristup medicinske etike i medicinskog prava u predmetnoj oblasti medicine kakva je pedijatrijska zdravstvena zaštita. Podnaslovi pitanja koja se bliže obrađuju jesu: Primena načela medicinske etike, Etički komiteti i etičke konsultacije u pedijatriji, Aspekt medicinskog prava (standardi u međunarodnom i uporednom pravu, standardi u pravu Srbije), Opšta pravila postupanja prema detetu kao pacijentu (status deteta, primena doktrine pristanka informisanog pacijenta / informed consent, pristanak roditelja kao zakonskog zastupnika deteta, pristanak deteta, poštovanje privatnosti deteta), Posebna pravila postupanja u odnosu na svojstva deteta ili okolnosti lečenja (tretman kritično obolelog deteta, uvođenje i odustajanje od podrške životu, izjave unapred, veštačko hidriranje i hranjene, doktrina duplog efekta, etika u neonatologiji, pravni momenat smrti i davalaštvo organa, religijski i kulturološki prigovori, skrining novorođene dece, genetika, genomika i medicina individualnog pristupa, hronične bolesti, medicinska istraživanja, balans sukoba interesa majka – fetus, urgentna medicina, pravičnost i pedijatrijska etika). Knjiga je napisana za poslediplomske studije tog usmerenja i u tom smislu predstavlja značajan doprinos njegovom unapređenju
Development Finance Institutions, Environmental Inequalities and Just Green Transition
No full textThe pandemic has caused an extremely negative socio-economic impact on employment, poverty, and inequality, but also on private sector investment necessary for sustainable development. Numerous studies have confirmed that the growth of inequalities is negatively correlated with the gross domestic product growth, prolongs the duration of the recession, and undermines the effectiveness of the fight against poverty. High and growing inequality inhibits society's progress towards the goals of sustainable development. The subject of analysis are environmental inequalities and their impact on poverty, economic growth, just green transition process, and sustainable development. The role of development finance institutions in supporting sustainable development and raising awareness of a green economy concept is also discussed
Introducing telemedicine – legal аnd other challenges
No full textTechnological developments and progress enabled different changes in the health system. One
of them is the application of telemedicine, or so-called „healing at distance. “This way of
providing health services enables multiple benefits, such as regular monitoring of patients without
the neces- sity to physically go to a clinic, which consequently saves time and financial expenses
for transport, contact with patients located in remote areas, contact with specialists in other
cities, with doctors from abroad. Besides the benefits, this way of providing health services also
opens different ques- tions related to the protection of patients’ data, privacy, the relationship
between patients and doctors, etc. Introducing telemedicine is a challenging process that
necessitates multisectoral co-operation. Along with the required technical equipment, financial
support, education of healthcare providers and users, one of the prerequisites for the application
of remote treatment is the establishment of a strategic framework, the adoption of appropriate
regulations, or amendment of existing ones. That process could be challenging for countries. This
research aims at perceiving the level of application of telemedicine globally and within the
European Union, identifying challenges and obstacles to wider implementation, especially in the
context of the adoption of appropriate legislation, and analyzing the impact of the Covid 19
pandemic on the application of telemedicine. One part of the paper is dedicated to the
possibilities of implementation of telemedicine in the Republic of Serbia, identifying obstacles to
its application, and further changes that have to be made in order to allow its introduc- tion and
implementation in practice
Differentiated integration of the Western Balkans – Emerging alternative membership options?
No full textMogu li društvene nauke biti praktične?
Get PDFDruštvenim naukama se prigovara apstraktnost i neprimenljivost u svakodnevici. Mnogi osporavaju svrhu društvenih nauka i ukazuju na njihove slabosti. Problemi sa kojima se društvene nauke suočavaju su spoljašnji i unutrašnji. Prvi proističu iz krize savremene liberalne države, a drugi iz krize ideja. Neprijatelji društvenih nauka populisti i pseudonaučnici produbljuju krizu i koriste strah, obmanu, površnost i zavodljivi laicizam kao sredstva sopstvene promocije nauštrb daljeg urušavanja društvenih nauka. Da bi se takvo stanje prevazišlo potrebna je nova paradigma kojom se na načelima slobode naučnog rada postiže ravnoteža između teorijskih i empirijskih istraživanja. Novoj paradigmi društvenih nauka koja sledi Kunovo mišljenje o revolucionarnim preobražajima u nauci prethodi usvajanje šire društvene paradigme
Covid capitalism and the labor market
Get PDFThe Corona virus has led to many changes, and they are: 1. The virus pandemic has led to a decline in economic activity in almost all countries of the world. 2. The relationship between the United States and China has become more tense, intolerance and intolerance have increased, because both countries want to rule the world, the United States is calling for success in the 20th century, and China is counting on success in the 21st century. However, the United States no longer has the economic, military, or political power to convincingly dominate and rule over the rest of the world. America has its own internal problems and must first face problems in education, health, infrastructure, and social inequalities, i.e., problems in “its own backyard”, and only then the strengthening of NATO, a foreign policy that inherits the ideas of liberalism. Furthermore, the 3rd Green Economy is an agenda that should promote a welfare economy while preserving the environment and stopping the deppletion of the planet’s resources. The development of the green economy will also depend on the context of the country in which it should be developed, but in any case, it should be sustainable and fair. Thus, the 4th COVID 19 pandemic accelerated the implementation of digital technologies. It has contributed to the faster adoption of advanced technologies embodied in Industrialization 4.0, the Internet of Things, and the overall digital economy. Under the influence of the Corona virus, the way of communication has changed. At first, there was a lack of written and oral communication, however, in the second half of 2020, this was compensated for through digital media. Then digital marketing gained an increased role, through social media and networks. Thus, the dialogue between producers and consumers was restarted, which increased communication, the dialogue between employees and employers was improved, which enabled the functioning of the company and enabled consensus. In 2015, UNCTAD determined that in economic geography, the classic north-south division was not made, but the division into the USA and China, which lead the digital economy, was made. So, these two countries are leading the accelerated implementation and connection of products, machines, and systems with “smart factories”, which not only provides faster data, but also accelerates their processing. Adopting advanced technology changes the ecosystem, improves the performance of the company, and increases its competitiveness. This is justified only if advanced technologies have a positive impact on the ecosystem through increased use of filters to protect the environment and air, less pollution of soil and water, as well as responsible production and reduction and disposal of waste. So, if more attention is paid to sustainable development. 5. In the labor market, the informal form of work has increased with physical distance wherever possible. When it comes to employment, it can be said that there was a loss of jobs, and that recovery is expected only after 2021 and stabilization only after 2023. The previous world economic crisis of 2008, but also this one from 2020, contributed to the further development of informal work as a form of work. The female working population and young people looking for employment, the less educated, migrants and hard-to-employ categories such as people with disabilities found themselves in a completely unfavorable position. Those categories were and remain most affected by this pandemic. 6. During this pandemic, international organizations such as the World Bank, the Asian Development Bank, and the United Nations, helped the population of the most vulnerable countries, not leaving underdeveloped countries to fight the pandemic on their own. 7. The role of the state has increased, because social benefits have proven to be a necessity