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Clinical Evolution and Risk Factors of Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19, Haiti, March-June 2020
Get PDFIn December 2019, a coronavirus epidemic emerged in China. Within months, the epidemic was considered a public health emergency of international concern. In Haiti, the first laboratory-confirmed cases of COVID-19 were reported on March 19, 2020, in a context where there was some limitations of knowledge on the modes of transmission, the severity, the clinical characteristics and the risk factors of the disease. This study has made it possible to characterize the epidemic and investigate the associations between the risk factors, co morbidities, and clinical evolution of the disease.
To develop the epidemiological and clinical profile of patients with COVID-19 in Haiti, data were collected from the clinical records of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 from March 16 to June 16, 2020, in 22 healthcare facilities. Univariate, bivariate, and logistic regression model analyses were performed to describe and explore the risk factors, comorbidities, and treatments associated with patients’ clinical evolution. Statistical significance was determined using a 95% confidence interval or p-value of ?0.05. Diabetes and high blood pressure were the main comorbidities that had a statistically significant association with the severe form of the disease and the occurrence of death. The likelihood of dying increased with age, and patients in the severe form were almost four times more likely to die. The administration of ceftriaxone to patients was significantly related to recovery from the disease. Diabetes, high blood pressure, and age were the major risk factors for the severity and mortality of people infected with COVID19. Ceftriaxone administration was protective against recovery
The Human Rights Law and the International Humanitarian Law – Origins, Similarities, Differences and Interactions
Get PDFInternational Human Rights Law (IHRL) and International Humanitarian Law (IHL) are two complementary branches of Public International Law. Both of them protect human life and dignity. IHRL applies at all times, in peacetime and during war, while IHL applies exclusively in armed conflicts and it regulates the behavior of the parties in an armed conflict or war and the conduct of hostilities. It also ensures the protection of persons affected by the war. Armed conflicts and wars are constant threats to liberty, property and human life that can significantly influence the morality of humanity. The human history is filled with armed conflicts: every era has experienced different kind of conflicts between empires, kingdoms, states and nations. The World War I, the World War II, civil wars and conflicts in different parts of the world are examples and real testimonies that war is still an instrument for promotion of political interests of the states. In the 21st century, wars have completely different dimension, due to changing political dynamics and new technologies. Wars and conflicts need to be regulated by law and because of their international character the laws must be agreed by the international community. International Humanitarian Law, International Human Rights Law and International Laws on War are branches of the Public International Law that regulates wars, conflicts and protection of human life during wars. This paper determines the origins of these two branches of law, it explains the scopes of their implementation in practice and their mutual interactions determined by their similarities and differences, such as their origin, the bodies that implement them and the range of their application
Role of Influenza Vaccine in Preventing Covid-19 Complications
Get PDFcurrent research has insinuated that prior immunization to pathogens like influenza and tuberculosis may bestow some armor against COVID-19. Conlon and his colleagues (2021) go further to state that an assessment of over 19000 COVID-19 patients in non-cohort research from Brazil got a 17% diminished odds of death, 8% reduced odds of demand for intensive care medicine, and 18% decreased odds of aggressive respiratory assistance in individuals who obtained an influenza inoculation. Sta?czak-Mrozek and his colleagues (2021) stated that even though their research did not permit them to assume the beneficial effects of influenza inoculation on the incidence and brutality of the COVID-19 virus. So in this article, we aim to explore the possible influence of influenza vaccine in order to prevent covid 19 complications
Lived Experiences of Adolescent Fathers: Basis for an Enhanced Intervention Program
Get PDFThis paper seeks to present the experiences of males who have fathered a child on their adolescence and to explore possible intervention program that could be enhanced.
There are few literatures that focus on the bout of adolescent fathers. They both have dual challenge to face: being an adolescent and a new father, which calls for the need for social services, support and organizational interventions.
Applying an Exploratory Sequential Mix Method Research Design, the study drew strengths from the combined methods. The first phase documented the lived experiences of the respondents and five themes surfaced which are: below or near the poverty threshold, community and school-based exposure, stalled education, social support and social constructs. A questionnaire was then designed to help generalize results and an enhanced intervention program Batang Ama, Turo at Alaga (BATA) project is proposed.
The result of this study adds to the buildup of previous research in the field
Quality of Information Resources and Librarians Assistance as Predictors of Information Needs Satisfaction
Get PDFThe primary purpose of a public library is to educate, give society something to think about and help people improve their skills by reading and exploring the wisdom of others recorded in its collection. Thus, this descriptive-correlational research was conducted to provide the regional library of Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao Regional Library with valuable information. Specifically, this research determined the participants’ assessment of the quality of library information resources, librarians’ research assistance, satisfaction of their information needs. It examined the significant association between the quality of information resources and librarians’ assistance and satisfaction of information needs. Data were collected using validated and pilot-tested questionnaires. Responses were processed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Based on the findings, the quality of information resources and librarians’ assistance were to a great extent. Moreover, the participants’ academic and non-academic information needs were satisfied. The library information resources and librarian’s assistance significantly influence the users’ satisfaction with information needs. The study points to the need to keep information resources updated and continue to give a high level of librarians’ assistance to achieve maximum satisfaction of the academic and non-academic needs of library user
Regional Economic Analysis - Economic-Geographical Aspects
Get PDFThe economic analysis of each region in a country should take into account the specific interaction of natural, social and economic factors that ensure the uniqueness of a particular territory, its potential for self-development and interaction with other territories. The regional economic analysis should reveal the economic aspects of the spatial differentiation of the socio-economic development and the connections of the territories in the conditions of uneven distribution and limited mobility of the resources; the degree and type of availability of the production entities; trends in economic and social development; the mechanisms for solving inherited and permanently manifesting regional problems. This report is an attempt at an individual approach in the development of a rigorous algorithm for the full economic analysis of a region (?n the context of the regional analysis of the Bulgarian economy), for which a wide range of analysis methods has been applied
The kinetics of IgG Antibodies in Critically Ill Patients
Get PDFthe kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies response and factors predicting igG levels are still limited. We report a prospective analytical study of patients admitted for SARS-cov-2 in the medical intensive care unit of the Mohammed VIth University Hospital of Marrakech for three months.We measured the level of igG antibodies to SARS-Cov-2 on plasma blood samples from all patients collected on admission and then every seven days respectively until discharge or death. The kinetics of antibodies with disease progress were analyzed. The mean igG levels increased between ICU admission till day 21, then they dropped on day 28. Critical patients had higher igG levels than severe ones with no statistically significant difference. Between day one and day 14, males had higher igG levels than females; however, females had higher levels on days 21 and 28 with a statistically significant difference on day 28. On the chest CT scan, patients with ground-glass opacities and/or crazy paving distribution of 75% or more had higher igg levels with a statistically significant difference on day 7. In terms of mortality, deceased patients had higher igG levels with no statistically significant difference than survivors. Our results may suggest the incrimination of SARS-cov-2 igg antibody high level as a prognostic factor for disease severity
Development of Kinemaster-based Learning Media for High School Biology Class XI
Get PDFThis study aims to produce learning media based on the Kinemaster application that is feasible, practical and effective. This research includes the development of the Borg and Gall model with data collection techniques, namely through a team of expert validators namely linguists, material experts and media experts, practicality tests through teacher studies and student responses, and effectiveness tests obtained from assessing student learning outcomes through pretest and posttest. The results of the study concluded that based on the validator\u27s assessment, the expert team obtained an average score of 86.25% in the very feasible category. The value of practicality by the teacher is 95.00% in the very practical category, while from the students a score of 90.24% is obtained in the very practical category. Kinemaster application-based learning media is effective in improving student learning outcomes compared to students who do not use Kinemaster application-based learning media with an average N-gain value of students in the experimental class which is 0.82 while in the control class the average N-gain value is obtained. ie 0.63. So it can be concluded that the kinemaster application-based learning media is very feasible, very practical in learning and effective in improving cognitive learning outcomes in the critical thinking skills of XI high school students
A Literature Review of the Early Childhood Education: Developmentally Appropriate Practices (DAP) & Strategies
Get PDFEarly childhood education is a broad, dynamic, and ongoing system that necessitates extensive educational planning and policy support. In terms of management, teacher training, teaching stage, curriculum articulation, and teacher employment, early childhood articulation has developed a complete system and planning system in the United States. However, kindergartens in China ignore children\u27s development laws and characteristics, blindly adopting reading, writing, and calculation as early childhood articulation curriculum goals. The purpose of this review was to synthesize previously published research on evaluation in early childhood education (ECE) in China. To improve our understanding of evaluation in ECE in China and to make comparisons with findings from US studies, the studies covered in this review can be classified as follows: (1) studies concentrating on assessment concepts and aspects in ECE in China & US; (2) studies focusing on developmentally appropriate practices (DAP) & strategies. This paper also reviews the curriculum reform process and demonstrates the reform\u27s strong reliance on Western early childhood education theories and practices. Based on the findings, we proposed directions for future study and practice by stating that evaluation concepts and components need to be defined and characterized more explicitly
Survey of Opinions of Medical Students on Pharmacology Education in a Nigerian Medical School
Get PDFPharmacology education aimed at equipping learners with the knowledge and skills for safe and effective use of medications through rational prescribing. This study was carried out among fourth year medical students of a Nigerian medical school at the end of pharmacology postings to understand their opinion about the pharmacology education received with the goal of improving. A cross sectional survey of the opinions of the medical students obtained through a self-administered questionnaire that sought information was obtained on various aspects of the pharmacology education received. Results were summarized with descriptive statistics using SPSS version 17.O. Continuous variables were expressed as means (standard deviation), categorical variables as proportions. A total of 40 students completed the survey in a class of 67 students (60% response rate) with mean age of 23.2+ 2.6 years and 49% females. Pharmacology was found difficult by 47.5% while only 32.4% felt prepared for rationale prescribing after the course.Aspects of pharmacology found most interesting were: None (17%), Antihypertensive drugs (17%), Other Cardiovascular (CVS) pharmacology topics (12%) and Practical sessions (12%) while aspects found most challenging and difficult were: Cancer chemotherapy (27.5%), drug names (12.5%), All aspects (10%) and 5% each for Central Nervous System, CVS, Antiretroviral drugs and None. Suggestions from respondents included preference for integrated and problem-solving approach to learning with clinical applications, more practical sessions, seminars and tutorials, teaching of drug doses, indications and trade names of commonly used drugs and better approach to teaching especially for the perceived challenging topics. The findings suggest a need for critical review of pharmacology education being received by the medical students towards improved outcomes