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Performance Enhancement Using NOMA-MIMO for 5G Networks
Get PDFThe integration of MIMO and NOMA technologies addresses key challenges in 5G and beyond, such as connectivity, latency, and dependability. However, resolving these issues, especially in MIMO-enabled 5G networks, required additional research. This involved optimizing parameters like bit error rate, downlink spectrum efficiency, average capacity rate, and uplink transmission outage probability. The model employed Quadrature Phase Shift Keying modulation on selected frequency channels, accommodating diverse user characteristics. Evaluation showed that MIMO-NOMA significantly improved bit error rate and transmitting power for the best user in download transmission. For uplink transmission, there was an increase in the average capacity rate and a decrease in outage probability for the best user. Closed-form formulas for various parameters in both downlink and uplink NOMA, with and without MIMO, were derived. Overall, adopting MIMO-NOMA led to a remarkable performance improvement for all users, even in challenging conditions like interference or fading channels
The Status Of Iodine Nutrition Among Pupils Aged 6-12 Years of Hillcrest Schools In Cape Coast In The Central Region Of Ghana – Analysis of Urine Samples
Get PDFThe incidence of iodine deficiency among school-age children is a global concern due to its negative effect on their brain development and academic performance. Such, necessitated this study among the pupils of Hillcrest Schools aged 6-12 years during the 2016/17 academic year in the Cape Coast Metropolis. One hundred and ninety-six (196) urine samples were collected for their iodine concentrations using the Sandell-Kolthoff reaction. The median urinary iodine concentration obtained for the population was 102.14 µg/L at 95% CI. The lower (Q1) and the upper (Q2) quartiles were respectively 81.33 and 138.51. Forty- eight percent (48%) of the samples had urinary iodine concentration below 100 µg/L, and none below 50 µg/L. In addition, one percent was above 300 µg/L. The median value suggests that the pupils had adequate iodine intake and optimal iodine nutrition. This notwithstanding, the inter quartile range (IQR) suggests a polarity of mild iodine deficiency and adequate iodine intake. The study therefore shows that the universal salt iodization programme and the schools’ initiative on consumption of iodized salt are having the required impact
Analysis of Public Health Center Information System Implementation in Compulsory Health Efforts at Public Health Center in Jayapura Regency, Papua Province
Get PDFBackground: The Public Health Center Information System is an arrangement that provides information to assist the decision-making process, thus the Public Health Center is currently required to adjust it no later than 2 (two) years since it was established on August 22, 2019 in accordance with Permenkes 31 of 2019. Objectives: The aim of this research is to analyze the Implementation of the Public Health Center Information System in Compulsory Health Efforts in Jayapura Regency in 2022. Methods: This type of research is descriptive qualitative by conducting in-depth interviews in December-January 2023. The research informants consisted of 16 people including the head of the Public Health Center (6 people), Person in Charge of SIMPUS (1 person), Head of Administration (3 people), Insurer Responsible for Nutrition (1 person), Person in charge of Health promotion (3 person), Person in charge of MCH (1 person), Person in charge of TB (1 person) at 6 representative Public Health Centers in Jayapura Regency. Result: The results of the study showed that input elements, such as human resources/public health center information system staff as a whole, were lacking and did not have an educational background in IT or Epidemiology, or Statistics. There are no operational support funds for the implementation of the Public Health Center information system. Facilities and infrastructure are inadequate. The method used in implementing SIMPUS is divided into two, namely some are still manual, and some use an application. Process elements such as manual and application-based recording are recorded in a manual format and then inputted into a computer and entered into an application.
Processing is manual and application-based specifically for compulsory manual health efforts such as health promotion and environmental health and application-based, namely TB, MCH and Nutrition. Public Health Center reporting is manual and application, but sometimes it experiences delays, namely the manual one. It is known that the output/results of reporting from Public Health Center are still late but can be accounted for by means of validation and a survey of health service staff to Public Health Center in Jayapura Regency
Individual and Organizational Factors on the Performance of Health Workers at the Saduyap Health Center, South Gresi District, Jayapura Regency
Get PDFBackground: Health workers at health center must work double jobs in order to carry out the health center\u27s tasks and activities. Of course, this will have an effect on work performance and professionalism in delivering health services in a health center. Objectives: The aim of this research is to describe the individual and organizational factors of the performance of health workers at the Saduyap Health Center, South Gresi District, Jayapura Regency. Methods: This type of research is descriptive qualitative by conducting in-depth interviews in November 2022. The research informants consisted of 12 people chosen by purposive sampling. Data then analyzed qualitatively. Result: Individual factors which include: suitability of work with interests and education, liking the atmosphere of the Health Center which is quiet and far from the district city, motivation, consistency and obedience to rules, discipline, responsibility and work autonomy as well as a sense of security, comfort and happiness have a positive impact on the performance of health workers at the Saduyap Health Center. In addition, organizational factors which include: provision of work facilities, provision of salaries, security guarantees and interpersonal relationships at the Health Center have a positive value and directly influence the performance of health workers at the Saduyap Health Center, while organizational factors include: provision of training or self-development facilities, standard socialization or work indicators, policies and administration at the Health Center as well as leadership supervision are not going well or have a negative impact
Influence of Recipients of Cash Assistance in Increasing Community Welfare in Bogor City
Get PDFPoverty is a social problem, it has become a concern at the high-level conference on the Declaration and Program of Action for social development in Copenhagen in 1995 to tackle world poverty, then it became the government\u27s concern to provide cash social assistance. Condition this aggravated with policy restrictions social scale big impact on condition economy . During period pandemic number poverty experience enhancement 2019-2021 . Percentage re - increase in 2019 as much as 5.77 percent , an increase during the pandemic to 6.68 percent in 2020 , and thereafter increase again in 2021 to be 7.24%. this _ need cooperation deep cross- sectoral resolve poverty. Method study is purposeful associative _ for knowing connection Among two variable or more . The variables that are connected is cash social assistance as the Independent variable to well- being Public as the Dependent variable. Study this use use facility statistics . Study conducted November _ 2022.
Sample taken from two ward as many as 120 respondents. Technique data collection through observation , study bibliography , questionnaires and interviews . Analysis data through Likert scale , Weight Mean Score linear regression , Test Validity and reliability and t test. Spearman rank test results show connection Among variable solidarity social and welfare Public enough strong . Calculation average receiver Help Social Cash categorized as well.Meaning that mechanism gift enough systematic that is the process started from government ward to RT, RW along with the total beneficiaries. Collaboration social is feeling in the same way , solidarity in a community that refers to relationships a individual with others , each other believe, each other respect ,responsibility answer for each other help in Fulfill needs between fellow
The Implications of New Technologies on Privacy Rights
Get PDFThe rise in new technologies is very essential in this contemporary world and it has facilitated the communication sector, improve health and economic development. These new digital tools has made life somehow comfortable and accelerated economic growth in the universe. Nevertheless, these digital tools are a threat to privacy of persons.in the course of manipulating these gadgets, they infringe on the rights of privacy of individuals. Some people misuse these gadgets and they do not use it responsibly.Tehila Schwarz noted that”privacy is in the hands of a digital world”. A smartphone has multiple functions to invade the privacy of individual, because a smartphone can record messages, videotape events, likewise Close Circuit Television Cameras (CCTV), which are installed in homes and streets, they monitor individuals silently, they are installed for security purpose but in the course of monitoring the activities of individuals, they cross the boundary to invade privacy of persons, because they monitor everybody under the vicinity of the camera. Similarly, an instrument like Global Positioning System (GPS) is capable to detect the position or location of persons, it is use to track individual’s movement and position and even cars .These tools are all imperative for our wellbeing but it intrudes on the privacy of individuals
Determinants of Disposal of Disposable Diapers Among Caregivers in Kisumu City, Kenya
Get PDFBackground: A disposable diaper harbor feces and hazardous chemicals that if improperly handled and disposed, can lead to diseases and pollution. Objective: To assess determinants for disposal of disposable diapers in Kisumu city. Methods: A cross-section design was used. 246 Caregivers with children < 3 years were selected and ata was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Data was analysed in SPSS and both descriptive and inferential statistics were performed with significance level set at 0.05. Results: Majority (86.5%) of the caregivers were women. The mean age of caregivers was 29.3 years (±= 6.86). mean household size was 5, most (92.3%) households were male headed with an average monthly income of KES 21,833; Majority of mothers (73.1%) and fathers (93.2%) had attained secondary level of education. The usage of disposal diapers was 95.93% with appropriate disposal at 41.3%. Variables significantly (P<0.05) associated with appropriate disposal of diapers were: Sex of the household head; Mother with high school education; father with high school education; home ownership status; and availability of onsite sanitation. Conclusions: Maternal literacy and household income are key determinants for disposal of diapers. Knowledge on risks posed by diapers is high but it has not translated into proper disposal practice
The Implementation of Healthy Papuan Card in the Public Health Services at RSUD Dok II Jayapura, Papua Province
Get PDFBackground: The National Health Insurance is a comprehensive health insurance scheme that covers promotive, preventive, curative, and rehabilitative services for all Indonesians. The major goal of this health insurance is for participants to profit from health care and protection in fulfilling basic health needs by expanding access and quality of health services, with the understanding that a country may carry out its development successfully if all parties support it. Objectives: The study\u27s objective was to investigate how Jayapura Public Hospital implemented the Healthy Papuan Card (KPS) guarantees. The problem being study is the extent to which patient referrals for the Healthy Papuan Card are guaranteed. Methods: This type of research is descriptive qualitative by conducting in-depth interviews and secondary data in January till February 2023. The research informants consisted of all officers responsible for managing the Healthy Papuan Card, namely the head of the Hedam Abepura Health Center, the Director of the Jayapura Public Hospital, the person in charge of managing the Healthy Papuan Card and the Partner Hospitals who work together with the Jayapura Public Hospital as the highest referral in Papua. Result: The results of the study showed that communication, the attitude of the implementers, the size and objectives of the policy were not running optimally. This was known through the results of in-depth interviews with the Jayapura Public Hospital.
The implementation of the referral for the Healthy Papuan Card in the Jayapura Hospital has not been maximized and there are many shortcomings in terms of implementation, so it is hoped that the management of the Jayapura Public Hospital will have good coordination and involve all stakeholders and then adjust it to the Governor Regulation 6 and 7 of 2014 and the Technical Guidelines on the Healthy Papuan Card for Indigenous Papuans, with the aim of the underprivileged community, get access to proper services
The Experience of the Dani Tribe in the Treatment of ARI in Toddlers at The Sinak Health Center, Puncak Regency
Get PDFBackground: The prevalence of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) in Puncak Regency is 8.35% and many people treat ARI with traditional medicine. Objectives: This study aims to determine the experience of the Dani family in the treatment of toddler respiratory infections at the Sinak Health Center, Puncak Regency. Methods: The method used in this study was qualitative with a phenomenological research approach with informants consisting of 12 residents who had toddlers who were exposed to ARI and who had experience handling ARI in toddlers. Result: The results of the study found that traditional medicine was the first treatment for participants when their toddler suddenly got sick, by rubbing eucalyptus oil or taking it to a masseuse. If the traditional treatment doesn\u27t work, then the family takes the toddler for treatment to the Public Health Center to get medicine from a health worker
Analysis of Patient Satisfaction Levels for Emergency Room Services at North Jayapura Health Center, Jayapura City, Papua Province
Get PDFBackground: The emergency room is a service unit in a hospital or health center that provides initial treatment for patients who are sick and injured, who need emergency care that can threaten their survival. Objectives: The aim of the study was to analyze the level of patient satisfaction with the emergency room services at the North Jayapura Health Center, Jayapura City, Papua Province. Methods: This type of research is an observational descriptive quantitative with a cross sectional study approach. The population was all patients who underwent examinations at the North Jayapura Health Center Emergency Room with a total sample of 34 people which was carried out in January 2023. Data were collected using a questionnaire, then analyzed univariately.
Result: The results of the study showed that: 1) patients using emergency room services in the physical evidence dimension were in the quite satisfied category as many as 19 people (55.9%) and satisfied as many as 15 people (44.1%) with an average of 62,6% in the satisfied category, 2) patients using emergency room services in the reliability dimension in the quite satisfied category as many as 10 people (29.4%) and satisfied as many as 20 people (70.6%) with an average of 67,8% in the satisfied category, 3) patients who use emergency room services in the responsiveness dimension in the satisfied category as many as 8 people (23.5 %) and very satisfied as many as 26 people (76.5%) with an average of 83,7% in the very satisfied category, 4) patient users of emergency room services in the guarantee dimension in the satisfied category as many as 20 people (58.8%) and very satisfied as many as 14 people (41.2%) with an average of 80,0% in the very satisfied category, and 5) patients who use emergency room services in the empathy dimension in the category of quite satisfied as many as 19 people (55.9%) and satisfied as many as 15 people (44.1%) with an average of 63,3% in the satisfied category