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Evaluation of the Feasibility of Milk Processing Business Investment in West Sumatera
Full text linkDairy products are beneficial for human health. The implementation of investment for the milk processing industry has a strong relationship with the aspect of financial feasibility. Based on this, the implementation of investment for the milk processing industry requires a study of the cost structure and financial feasibility. The purpose of the study was to determine the evaluation of the feasibility of investment in milk processing businesses in West Sumatra with several criteria: Net-Benefit Cost Ratio (Net-B/C-ratio), Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Payback Periods (PBP). The research method uses a survey; the data collected is primary data and secondary data. The results of the cost structure study for the milk processing industry with a production capacity of 300,000 liters of pasteurized milk and 24,000 liters of yogurt each year require a total investment cost of Rp 2,776,620,000, consisting of fixed investment costs of Rp 2,524,200,000 and working capital costs of Rp 252,420,000. The depreciation value each year is Rp171,983,000. The production cost (total fixed costs and variable costs) is Rp. 6,237,533,000, - per year, with revenues of Rp. 6,840,000,000, - per year, and net income after income tax of Rp. 469,924,260, - per year. The results of the analysis of investment feasibility criteria The average Net-B/C is 2.5, NPV is Rp 5,292,392,421, IRR is 22.9%, and PBP for 5 years is 2.9 months. Based on the results of the investment analysis for the milk processing industry in West Sumatra, it is financially feasible with high profitability
Knowledge Attitude and Practice of Educators Allied Health and Direct Care Professionals Dealing with Autistic Children: A Non-Randomized Quasi-Experimental Pretest-Posttest Study
Full text linkA knowledgeable, well-trained professional dealing with autistic children can minimize or reduce challenging behaviors. However, educators, allied health, and direct care professionals need to be adequately trained and equipped to meet these challenges daily in giving evidence-based care. This quasi-experimental pretest-post test study investigates whether an evidence-based intervention, autism spectrum disorder-care pathway (ASD-CP), has significantly changed the knowledge, attitude, and practice and the importance of educating these professionals. A pretest and post-test survey questionnaire were used, with the intervention taking place at two different locations, one at the school of autism and another in a group home of the institute. The results indicate the training effectively improved participants’ knowledge measured by using the survey questionnaire. Similarly, the increase in average participants’ scores of their attitudes, interests, and perceived self-efficacy toward individuals with ASD indicates the training was practical and effective. Notably, there was an increase in participants’ awareness of structured training, relationship development, joint attention, and naturalistic teaching techniques after the training. The study suggested increased knowledge, attitude, practice, and professional awareness of interventions as evidence-based practices in educators, allied health, and direct support professionals dealing with ASD children during the twelve weeks of the study at the institute
Impact of Foreign Labour Migration on Labour Dynamics in Relation to Agricultural Activities of Migrant Households
Full text linkAround 66% of Nepal\u27s population is involved in agricultural activities, contributing one-third of the country\u27s GDP. Given its agricultural nature, a considerable number of young Nepali individuals opt for international labour migration as a means of sustaining their livelihoods. So, this study aimed to examine the impacts of foreign labour migration on the labour dynamics of household agricultural activities in the Sindhuli district of Nepal. A mixed research design was used for this research. Where quantitative interview protocol was designed, pretested, modified, and deployed for quantitative data collection from 350 migrant households. After that checklist for key informants’ interview and case studies were developed and used to generate qualitative data. At first, quantitative data were processed, analyzed, and interpreted with the support of qualitative findings. The survey findings revealed that in the research area, a total of 390 individuals migrated from 350 households. Of these migrants, slightly over 90% were male, leaving only 5.13% as females. In terms of household work, the father\u27s workload was found to be negligible, while the mother\u27s workload saw a significant decrease after migration.Concerning agricultural activities, livestock production and management, and social activities the workload of the father, mother, and siblings showed a statistically significant decrease. However, the workload of the spouse and children was found to significantly increase in all spheres after migration. The reduction in workload for migrants\u27 fathers, mothers, and siblings can be attributed to the shift from a joint family structure to a nuclear family setup
The Role of Arts Engagement in Mitigating Stress among University Students: A Literature Review
Full text linkThis study explores the role of arts engagement in mitigating stress among undergraduate students, with a specific focus on both global and Chinese educational contexts. Stress in higher education is a pervasive issue, exacerbated by academic pressures, financial constraints, and cultural expectations. In China, these challenges are compounded by systemic factors such as the competitive Gaokao system and deeply ingrained Confucian values, which emphasize academic excellence and family honor, often at the expense of individual well-being. While Western literature extensively examines stress management strategies, such as mindfulness and cognitive-behavioral therapies, these interventions often lack cultural resonance in non-Western settings. Through a systematic review methodology adhering to PRISMA guidelines, this study synthesizes findings from empirical research on arts-based interventions, including music therapy, visual arts workshops, and calligraphy. Evidence indicates that these interventions significantly reduce stress by addressing cognitive, emotional, and physiological stress responses. Music therapy demonstrates efficacy in lowering cortisol levels and promoting relaxation through activation of the parasympathetic nervous system.
Visual arts provide cognitive distraction and emotional expression, reducing anxiety and fostering a sense of control. In Chinese contexts, traditional practices like calligraphy enhance mindfulness and align with cultural values of harmony and introspection, making them particularly effective stress management tools. The analysis highlights cultural differences in arts engagement practices. While Western interventions prioritize individuality and self-expression, Chinese approaches emphasize discipline and societal harmony, aligning with collective cultural norms. Despite their effectiveness, challenges such as methodological inconsistencies, cultural biases, and underrepresentation of non-Western practices in the literature limit the generalizability of findings.This study concludes that arts engagement offers a versatile and culturally adaptable strategy for stress management in higher education. By integrating arts-based interventions into academic settings, universities can promote holistic well-being and address culturally specific needs. Future research should focus on addressing methodological gaps, enhancing cultural inclusivity, and exploring the long-term impacts of arts engagement on student stress reduction
Murine Models for pathogenicity of Human Neurotropic Stealth and Normal Hemophilus Influenzae B [HIB]
Full text linkHuman neurotropic stealth and normal intact Hemophilus influenzae b [HIB] were recovered from cases of subacute meningitis pateints.Tempts were made to reproduce the disease in murine models .Two infectious live doses as one and ten international units of the WHO opacity tube were prepared from both of the stealth and intact isolates.The dose volume was fixed as 0.1 ml.These infectious doses were applied to the murine models via intracranial and intravenous routes.The matching of gross neurogenic signs and symptomes of the infected mice were lasted up to ten days post-infection.At the dose 10 IU ,both stealth and intact HIB cause sudden death.While,1 IU doses from both stealth and intact HIB yield neurogenic symptomes from 7 to 10 days then the animals died. The 10 IU doses from both stealth and intact HIB via intravenous routes were leading to mild neurogenic symptome ranged from 2 to 24 hrs then vanished.While , 0.1 doses from both forms of the infectious agents showed symptomless state.The pathogenicity spectrum was as;symptomeless,mild neurogenic symptome ,sheffering,laid down on one body site on the stratum then death and/or sudden death.Reisolation was fruitfull in all infected animals. The direct impression stained smears of the infected mice brains showed landmarks of sub-acute meningitis.Intracranial mice model seems to be novel for simulation of human subacute meningits disease
Effect of Infra-Red and Muscle Energy Technique on Pain and Range of Motion on Low Back Pain
Full text linkLow back pain includes a spectrum of different types of pain (e.g., nociceptive, neuropathic and nosiplastic, or nonspecific) that often overlap. The elements that comprise the lumbar spine (e.g., soft tissues, vertebrae, zygapophyseal and sacroiliac joints, intervertebral discs, and neurovascular structures) are susceptible to different stressors, and each, alone or in combination, can cause Low back pain. Low back pain can be treated by physiotherapy. One of the physiotherapy modalities that can be used to treat the problem of low back hand pain is infra red.Infrared is combined with the Muscle Energy technique to overcome pain and functional disorders due to low back pain. The Muscle Energy Technique is a class of osteopathic soft tissue (initial) manipulation methods that incorporate as well as directed and controlled, the patient begins with isometric and/or isotonic contractions, designed to improve musculoskeletal function and reduce pain.This study aims to determine the effect of infrared and muscle energy technique on pain and range of motion in low back pain. This research is a quasy experiment research with a pretest posttest one group design approach. This research was carried out in June-August 2024 at the Mabbulo Sibatang Clinic, Makassar City, Indonesia.The results of this study show that there is an influence of Infra-red combined with Muscle Energy technique in overcoming pain to increase flexibility in low back pain
Determination of Extracellular Enzymatic Activities of Bacteria Isolated from Insuyu Cave
Full text linkCaves are often regarded as extreme environments due to their high humidity, stable low temperatures, limited nutrient availability, and minimal energy input. These unique characteristics attract researchers from various disciplines, including biology, chemistry, geology, and astronomy. Despite the presence of approximately 40,000 caves in Türkiye, microbiological studies in these habitats remain limited. One significant area of research involves the discovery of antimicrobial compounds and enzymes produced by microorganisms in isolated cave environments, driven by interspecies competition. In this study, bacterial strains were isolated from Insuyu Cave to evaluate their extracellular enzymatic activities. Seventy-five isolates were screened for lipase, protease, amylase, catalase, gelatinase, and urease production. Results showed that 39% of the strains exhibited lipolytic activity, 36% protease activity, 36% amylase activity, 91% catalase activity, 13% gelatinase activity, and 45% urease activity. The findings highlight the significant potential of caves as natural resources for industrial enzyme research
Systematic Review: Advances in Machine Learning Frameworks for Predicting Patent Infringements
Full text linkThe rise of patent infringement cases has spurred the demand for innovative solutions in intellectual property (IP) management. This systematic review explores advancements in machine learning (ML) frameworks for predicting patent infringements, focusing on algorithm performance, data balancing, and feature selection. By evaluating Random Forest, Support Vector Machines (SVM), Logistic Regression, and hybrid ensemble models, we provide insights into their strengths and limitations. Key findings highlight the critical role of data preprocessing techniques, such as Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) and Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE), in improving model accuracy. Furthermore, ethical and practical considerations, including scalability and bias mitigation, are discussed. The review concludes by proposing a roadmap for integrating advanced ML techniques into proactive IP protection strategies
Perception, Rationality and Corruption in Bram Stoker’s Dracula
Full text linkPerception, Rationality and Corruption in Bram Stoker’s Dracula 
Artificial Intelligence as a Vector of Pedagogical Transformation: Challenges and Opportunities for the Moroccan Education System
Full text linkThe article explores the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of education, highlighting its potential to personalize learning, improve pedagogical efficiency, and promote inclusion in the Moroccan educational system. It is generally recognized that AI holds significant potential to transform various sectors, including education. Technologies such as virtual tutors, automated assessment systems, and adaptive learning platforms are already being developed and implemented at different scales. However, a crucial question remains: how can artificial intelligence be effectively and ethically integrated into pedagogical practices to improve educational outcomes and make education more inclusive and equitable, particularly in the Moroccan context? This question is essential as it aims to identify practical and ethical solutions to overcome contemporary educational challenges. Effective integration of AI can potentially transform traditional teaching methods, improve the quality of education, and make it more accessible to all students, regardless of their socio-economic background. The article employs an argumentative and analytical approach. It presents a theoretical framework based on key concepts such as personalized learning, automated assessment, and intelligent collaboration. It also includes a literature review and analyzes concrete examples of AI application in the Moroccan educational context.
The structure of the article is divided into three main sections: the first presents the theoretical framework and key concepts, the second analyzes the Moroccan educational context and evaluates the relevance of the theoretical concepts, and the third offers a detailed exploration of practical examples of AI use in Moroccan education. The main conclusions of the article show that the integration of AI in education opens up new perspectives for personalized learning, improving pedagogical efficiency, and promoting inclusion. Concrete examples demonstrate that virtual tutors, adaptive learning platforms, and automated assessment systems can transform educational practices, improve student outcomes, and make education more accessible. The results highlight the importance of AI in profoundly transforming education in Morocco. By offering personalized learning pathways, assistance tools for students with specific needs, and automated assessment systems, AI makes learning more effective and engaging.
However, it is crucial to address ethical and practical challenges to ensure responsible and beneficial integration of AI in the educational system. A responsible and thoughtful approach is essential to ensure that AI is deployed ethically and beneficially for all learners. By continuing to invest in research and development and promoting responsible use of AI, Morocco can create an educational future where every student has the opportunity to succeed and thrive