Revista Agro Productividad
Not a member yet
2268 research outputs found
Sort by
Regional and dynamic specialization of beef production in Mexico (2000-2018)
Get PDFObjetive: To determine the growth, specialization, and dynamics of beef carcass production in eight regions of Mexico in the period 2000-2018
Design/methodology/approach: Annual growth rates from 2000 to 2018 were calculated in each of the regions; this information allowed determining the relative and dynamic specialization of beef production through Regional Analysis Techniques, such as the Location Quotient and Differential-Structural Method.
Results: During the period 2000 to 2018, the national production of beef in carcass had various annual growths. Most of the location quotients greater than one were obtained by the Chiapas and Sonora regions; while the Sinaloa and Chihuahua territories obtained the lowest number of location quotients. The results of the Differential-Structural Method showed that Sinaloa was the region with the greatest dynamism, while Veracruz and Sonora remained lagging behind and with little specialization in all sub-periods.
Study limitations/implications: The annual growths differentiated between regions implied intraregional lag and dynamism over time. The change in the productive vocation of some regions implied going from being specialized to non-specialized. The dynamics of the regions was explained by obtaining hypothetical gains, while the lag was related to hypothetical losses of various magnitudes.Objective: To determine the growth, specialization, and dynamics of beef carcass production in eight regions of Mexico, in the 2000-2018 period.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The annual growth rates from 2000 to 2018 in each of the regions were calculated. Based on this information, we were able to determine the relative and dynamic specialization of beef production through Regional Analysis Techniques, such as the Location Quotient and the Differential-Structural Method.
Results: During the 2000-2018 period, the domestic beef carcass production had diverse annual growth. Most of the location quotients greater than the unit were obtained in Chiapas and Sonora, while Sinaloa and Chihuahua obtained lower location quotients. The results of the Differential-Structural Method showed that Sinaloa was the most dynamic region, while Veracruz and Sonora have been left behind and showed little specialization in all sub-periods.
Limitations/Implications: The differentiated annual growth between regions implied underdevelopment and intra-regional dynamism over time. The change in the productive calling of some regions involved a transformation from being specialized to non-specialized. The dynamics of the regions was determined by hypothetical gains, while the underdevelopment was related to hypothetical losses of various magnitudes.
Findings/Conclusions: Sinaloa had the highest growth and dynamism of all the regions. Veracruz and Sonora were left behind and showed little specialization throughout the analyzed period
Mathematical models to estimate forage production in southeastern Coahuila Mexico
Get PDFObjective: Calibrate two non-linear models, in three intermediate triple hybrids, by theoretically comparing the accumulation of dry matter in relation to the days after sowing.
Methodology: The cuts were every 14 days, from 30 to 170 das, and were adjusted to the Logistic and Richards models. The experimental design was a randomized block, with three replications.
Results: The models explained most of the total dry matter yield in corn, observed in the field at 83%. The best fit model was the logistic model in cultivar AN447 and the Richards model in cultivar A7573, both with R2=0.98. The maximum yield simulated with the Richards model was shown in AN447 with 22,616 kg DM ha-1 and the lowest in AN388 with 10,970 kg DM ha-1.
Limitations/Implications: Tests of other models in the same conditions and in other environmental conditions with the models under study.
Conclusion: The Logistic model allows to simulate with greater precision the yield of dry matter in corn, by using the days after planting as an independent variable
Yield, intercepted radiation and morphology of crotalaria (Crotalaria juncea L.) at different densities
Get PDFObjetive: The objective of this study was to evaluate the yield, intercepted radiation and morphology of crotalaria (Crotalaria juncea L.) at different planting densities, in the dry tropics of the state of Guerrero, Mexico.
Desing / Methodology / Approach: The treatments were: four planting densities at 400,000, 200,000, 100,000 plants ha-1 and a stream. A growth analysis was also evaluated at 30, 38, 45, 52, 60, 68 and 75 days of growth, understanding that the pod was fully developed. The variables evaluated were: dry matter yield, intercepted radiation and morphological composition.
Results: The dry matter yield, regardless of the cutting age, was obtained in descending order at the planting densities of: 400,000 ˃ chorrillo ˃ 200,000 ˃ 100,000 plants ha-1 with 19,837, 17,918, 8,786 and 4,074 kg DM ha-1,
Study Limitations / Implications: In the tropics it is necessary to broaden the panorama with the producers, in the use of forage legumes to improve the feeding of cattle.
Findings / Conclusions: It is recommended to sow at a sowing density of 400,000 plants ha-1 and to cut after 45 days of growth in crotalaria since it is when the best structural characteristics of the meadow and 95% of intercepted radiation are foun
Growth rate, leaf:stem ratio and height in crotalaria (Crotalaria juncea L.) planted at different densities
No full textObjetive: To evaluate the growth rate, leaf:stem ratio and height of crotalaria plants (Crotalaria juncea L.), cultivated at different densities, in the dry tropics of the state of Guerrero, Mexico.
Desing / Methodology / Approach: The treatments were: four planting densities at 400,000, 200,000, 100,000 plants ha-1 and trickling. A growth analysis was also evaluated at 30, 38, 45, 52, 60, 68 and 75 days of growth, including that the pod was fully developed. The variables evaluated were: growth rate, leaf:stem ratio and plant height.
Results: The best growth rate was found at a density of 400,000 plants ha-1, at 75 days of development, with 577 kg DM ha-1 d-1; similar to plant height, which at this density presented 281 cm. Contrary to the leaf:stem ratio, which was greater than 30 days. Regardless of age, a descending behavior was found in the following order: 100,000 ˃ chorrillo ˃ 200,000 ˃ 400,000 plants ha-1 with 0.65, 0.60, 0.59 and 0.55 (p < 0.05).
Study Limitations / Implications: This study is essential for future research because these variables have not been evaluated in this crop; being important for forage production.
Findings / Conclusions: It is recommended to sow at a density of 400,000 plants ha-1, finding a higher leaf:stem ratio at 30 days of development and a plant height at day 75, when pod production also begin
Evaluation of three varieties of Buffel grass, in the North of Tamaulipas
No full textObjective: To evaluate the vegetative, reproductive, production, and forage quality characteristics of three Buffel grass varieties from northern Tamaulipas.
Design/Methodology/Approach: A pot trial was established under open field conditions, at CERIB-CIRNE-INIFAP in Río Bravo, Tamaulipas, on 04/15/2016 and 03/10/2017; the experiment was carried out with a completely randomized design, with 30 replications per material. The morphological, reproductive, production, and chemical composition characteristics of the Milenio, Regio, and Titán Buffel grass varieties forage were evaluated.
Results: The year accounted for 62.3% of the variation in the stem and leaf characteristics. The genotype contributed 35.4% and G*Y interaction, less than 2%. Regarding the reproductive variables, the genotype accounted for 62% of the results, the G*Y interaction, 25%, and the year, 13%. The genotype and the year accounted for 44% and 47% of the variance in forage production and quality, respectively. The G*Y interaction had no statistical effect.
Limitations/Implications: The evaluation was carried out under pot conditions, which implies that the roots of the plants have limited growth and that the expression of some of the characteristics of the material may be restricted.
Findings/Conclusions: The major differences between the three varieties were found in their morphological characteristics: duration of the flowering stage, reproductive stems proportion, panicle length, exertion of the panicle from the main stem, number of florets per panicle, and seed weight
Yield and nutritional value of Moringa oleifera forage at different population densities
Get PDFObjective: To evaluate the aerial biomass yield and nutritional value of Moringa oleifera at densities of 50,000 (D1), 100,000 (D2) and 200,000 (D3) plants ha-1. Design/methodology/approach: The experiment was established under a random complete block design arranged in divided plots and three repetitions and from 155 days after planting 5 cuts were made every 28 days. The variables evaluated were yield (kg ha-1) of total dry matter (TDM), sheet (sDM) and contents (g kg-1) of crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid (ADF).
Results: An interaction between densities and cuts was observed. In TDM performance, in cuts 1 and 2, D1 outperformed D2 and D3, by 71 % and 83 %, respectively; however, D3 had the highest TDM yield (P<0.05) in cuts 3 and 4, 47 % higher than D2 and D1 and D2 by 46 % and 76 %, respectively. The highest yield of sDM was presented in D1, in cuts 1 and 2 (561 and 852 kg ha-1, respectively); while D3 showed the highest values in cuts 3 and 4, (901 and 1054 kg ha-1, respectively). When increasing from D1 to D2 there was a decrease (P<0.05) in the CP content of 11 % (222 vs. 198 g kg-1). Regarding the values of NDF and ADF, no differences (P>0.05) were found between the densities evaluated.
Limitations/implications: The density of plants in Moringa oleifera determine the yield potential and nutritional value of the forage.
Findings/conclusions: Moringa oleifera established in semi-arid conditions at a density of 50,000 ha-1 plants and with cutting intervals of 28 days, presented the best productive behavior in terms of yield and protein concentration
Spent mushroom compost for germination and growth of Ricinus communis L.: Composta de champiñón para higuerilla
No full textObjective: Determine the response of Castor oil seeds and seedlings to six different substrata: regional soil (sandy-clay-loam), sand, spent mushroom compost (CAC), and mixes of CAC with sand in 50% (A1:CAC1), 66 % (A1:CAC2) and 33 % (A2:CAC1).
Design/methodology/approach: The experimental design consisted of two completely random blocks with 24 experimental units by substrate, monitored from their germination until 50 days later. Seed weights were correlated with final seedling biomass.
Results: The substratum CAC1:A2 and CAC1:A1C allowed the best germination (P<0.05), while regional soil had the lowest germination. CAC produced the highest growth and mass development in 50-day-old plants (P<0.05), followed by CAC2:A1, CAC1:A1, and CAC1:A2m, while regional soil and sand had the lowest development. Seed weight was statistically positively correlated (P<0.05) with seed biomass only in the sandy substratum.
Limitations on study/implications: The experimental period and pod size limited the achievements of this research.
Findings/conclusions: CAC and mixes with sand provide suitable texture and nutrient contents to germinate and grow Castor oil seedlings independently of seed weight.Objective: To determine the response of castor oil seeds and seedlings to six different substrata: regional soil (sandy-clay-loam), sand, spent mushroom compost (CAC), and mixes of CAC with 50% (A1:CAC1), 66% (A1:CAC2), and 33% (A2:CAC1) sand.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The experimental design consisted of two randomized complete blocks with 24 experimental units per substratum, monitored from their germination until 50 days later. Seed weight was correlated with the final seedling biomass.
Results: The best germination (P < 0.05) was obtained with the A2:CAC1 and A1:CAC1 substrata, while regional soil had the lowest germination. CAC produced the highest growth and biomass in 50-day-old plants (P < 0.05), followed by A1:CAC2, A1:CAC1, and A2:CAC1, while regional soil and sand had the lowest development. Seed weight had a statistically positive correlation (P < 0.05) with seed biomass only in the sandy substratum.
Study Limitations/Implications: The experimental period and pod size limited the achievements of this research.
Findings/Conclusions: Independently of seed weight, CAC, and mixes with sand provide suitable texture and nutrient contents for castor oil seedling's germination and growth
Encapsulation of bioactive compounds of food interest: applications, current advances, challenges, and opportunities.
Get PDFObjective: The encapsulation of bioactive compounds of food interest provide protection against ambiental factors and degradation reactions. Therefore, the encapsulation of these compounds, was studied and analyzed considering the applications, current advances, challenges, and opportunities on the topic.
Design/methodology/approach: Wall materials, bioactive compounds of food interest, encapsulation methods, applications, current advances, challenges, and opportunities in encapsulation of bioactive compounds were explored, described, and discussed considering the principal literature on the topic, and scientific databases were used for the bibliographic research.
Results: Encapsulation process is a novel technology that allows the increasing the stability of aromas, flavors, pigments, and microorganisms, beside of improve the sensory, physical chemical and functional properties, quality, and the extend the shelf-life.
Limitations on study/implications: Foods contain bioactive compounds that are susceptible to oxidation and degradation, which can reduce their quality and shelf life. To preserve these compounds, is important to develop other encapsulation systems considering alternative wall materials from different sources that can be applied under different process conditions from laboratory, pilot to industrial scale.
Findings/conclusions: Encapsulation process provide protection to bioactive compounds enhancing the sensory, physical chemical and functional properties, quality, and extend the shelf-life considering the integral and sustainable use of agricultural products
Impact on the soil and the infiltration as a consequence of oil palm cultivation (Elaeis guineensis jacq) in Tabasco
Get PDFObjective: To evaluate the possible negative impacts on soil fertility, as a result of the soil use change from the grassland to oil palm.
Design/methodology/approach: The following variables were evaluated: soil organic matter (SOM), bulk density (BD), mechanical penetration resistance (MPR), root system distribution, and infiltration in 5-, 11- and 25-year-old oil palm plantations, as well as in an adjoining grassland —whose land use had not changed to oil palm cultivation.
Results: During the first years of cultivation, the substitution of the grassland for oil palm caused SOM losses, increased BD and MPR, and reduced infiltration levels. After 11 years, these effects became stable and were reversed. Therefore, in mature plantations of >25 years, the soil and infiltration conditions improved, even surpassing the grassland. These changes occur at a depth of 40 cm and are attributable to the SOM provided by the root system; consequently, root distribution does not block infiltration, becoming a beneficial factor, particularly in mature plantations.
Study limitations/implications: The research must be replicated under other soil conditions, in order to observe the fertility behavior.
Findings/conclusions: After the grassland is replaced by oil palm, soil fertility deteriorates during the first years; fertility becomes stable and recovers after 11 years. Meanwhile, the effect reverses and surpasses grassland fertility levels after 25 years
Genotype-environment interaction in the production of dry matter of edgeless fodder barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
Get PDFObjective: To analyze the genotype environment interaction (GEI) in the dry forage production of 24 lines of awnless barley and commercial checks of the same and other species, through five environments.
Design/methodology/approach: A randomly complete block design with three replications was used in the five environments evaluated, forage harvest was done at 105 days after sowing. The data were analyzed as combined randomly blocks over environmentss and the (GEI) was analyzed using the AMMI model.
Results: Significative differences (p? 0.01) were detected in the main effects and the GEI. According to AMMI analysis, genotypes G26 (Cerro prieto), G27 (Gabyan95), G10, G3, G19 and even genotype G24, showed near-zero interactions, so they were considered stable, while awnless barley lines: G6, G1 and G2 were rated as desirable for dry forage production base don their superiority over the overall mean and its low IGA.
Limitations on study/implications: Results may to vary if different environments and genotypes are considered.
Findings/conclusions: Threre are stable and desirable awnless barley genotypes that represents an excellent option for forage production in the studied región. The oat check was considered the least productive and Zaragoza, Coahuila, location is considered a potential environment for the production of dry forage using awnless forage barley as those evaluated in this study, in addition this environment exhibited adequate discriminatory power.
Key words: Awnless barley, dry forage, genotype environment interaction, AMMI model.Objective: To analyze the genotype-environment interaction (GEI) within the dry fodder production of 24 edgeless barley fodder lines (Hordeum vulgare L.) or commercial controls of the same and other species across five environments.
Design/Methodology/Approach: A randomized complete block design with three repetitions was used in the five trial environments, with fodder harvested at 105 d after sowing. Data were analyzed as combined random blocks over environments and the GEI was analyzed using the AMMI model.
Results: Significance (p≤ 0.01) was detected in the main effects and the GEI. Genotypes G26 (Cerro Prieto), G27 (Gabyan95), G10, G3, G19 and even genotype G24, showed interactions close to zero, so they were considered stable, while the edgeless barley lines: G6, G1 and G2 were qualified as desirable for dry fodder production, according to their superiority over the general mean and their low GEI.
Study Limitations/Implications: Results may vary when evaluating other environments and genotypes.
Findings/Conclusions: There are stable and desirable edgeless fodder barley genotypes that represent an option for fodder production in the study region. The oat control was considered the least productive and the locality of Zaragoza, Coahuila, is considered a potential environment for dry fodder production using edgeless fodder barleys such as those evaluated in this study, in addition to showing adequate discriminatory power