Revista Agro Productividad
Not a member yet
2268 research outputs found
Sort by
Practices and perceptions of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda Smith) and striped grass looper (Mocis latipes Guenée) management in maize
Get PDFObjective: To describe the practices and perception of the management of fall armyworm and striped grass looper in corn cultivation, in La Pahua, Francisco. Z. Mena, Puebla.
Design/methodology/approach: The study was descriptive, for which a probabilistic sampling was carried out. 79 semi-structured interviews were conducted during april to june 2021.
Results: The management of fall armyworm and striped grass looper is carried out through the application of synthetic insecticides, predominating chlorpyrifos ethyl (81 %). The population is unaware of the damage they cause to health in the short, medium and long term, which is reflect-ed in the minimum use of protective equipment in the application (75%), however, there is interest in receiving technical advice (56%) and open-ness to use alternatives such as the use of traps (1%) and plant extracts (66%).
Limitations on study/implications: It is a particular case study therefore the results are limited to establishing descriptive statements of the study area.
Findings/conclusions: The control of fall armyworm and striped grass looper is done through chemical control formulated from chlorpyrifos Ethyl alone or combined with permethrin and without proper protective equipment. The population showed interest in incorporating other alternatives to the management of synthetic insecticides, highlighting the use of plant extracts and traps respectively.Objective: To describe practices and perceptions about the fall armyworm and striped grass looper management in maize crops in La Pahua, Francisco Z. Mena, Puebla.
Design/Methodology/Approach: A descriptive study with probability sampling was performed. From April to June 2021, n=79 semi-structured interviews were conducted.
Results: The management of the fall armyworm and striped grass looper is carried out through the application of synthetic insecticides, mainly chlorpyrifos ethyl (81%). The minimal use of personal protective equipment for its application (75%) reflects the lack of knowledge of the population about health risks in the short, medium, and long term; however, producers are interested in receiving technical advice (56%) and are open to the use of alternatives, such as the use of traps (1%) and plant extracts (66%).
Study Limitations/Implications: This is a specific case study; therefore, the results are limited to descriptive statements about the study area.
Findings/Conclusions: The fall armyworm and striped grass looper are controlled with chemicals formulated with chlorpyrifos-ethyl alone or combined with permethrin. These chemicals are applied without the use of appropriate protective equipment. The population showed interest in incorporating other alternatives to synthetic insecticides, especially plant extracts and traps
Estimation of the water footprint in the production of beef from Euro-pean cattle in Mexico
Get PDFObjective: The objective of this research is to determine the water footprint of beef from stable production of the Charolais breed, with an established diet, in the municipality of Ezequiel Montes, Querétaro.
Design/methodology/approach: The participation of animal protein in human nutrition is important for the proper development of the organism's functions. The production and consumption of beef has been increasing in recent years, as well as the concern of consumers for the deterioration of the environment and water resources; agriculture and livestock represent 76% of the consumptive use of water in Mexico. In this context, it is important to know the water consumption during meat production and for this purpose the water footprint is estimated. The methodology proposed by Hoekstra was used.
Results: The estimated water footprint for beef in this research is 2,972.4 liters per kg, including the blue and green water footprint.
Limitations on study/implications: The calculation of the gray footprint is not included. It is an indicator that corresponds to the specific area.
Findings/conclusions: There is a difference between the water footprint obtained in this study and those presented in the literature, this may be due to differences in diet and breed of the animal studied, among other reasons.Objective: To determine the water footprint of beef from Charolais cattle subjected to stable production and an established diet.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The water footprint was estimated using the methodology proposed by Hoekstra, in which the water footprints of the ingredients of the feed consumed are added to the total volume of water that the animal drank during its life.
Results: The estimated water footprint for beef in this research was 2,972.4 liters per kg, including the blue and green water footprint.
Study Limitations/Implications: The calculation of the gray water footprint is not included, although it is an indicator of the specific zone.
Findings/Conclusions: There is a difference between the water footprint obtained in this study and the footprint reported in the references, perhaps as a result, among other reasons, of the differences in diet and breed of the animals studied
Emergence and growth of huacle chili seedlings (Capsicum annuum L.) with the use of biological formulations in commercial plot soil.
Get PDFObjective: This research aimed to evaluate the effect of biological control agents (BCA) and two biological formulations: Bio-Terra and Bio-CNPR against phytopathogens present on soil of huacle chili pepper (Capsicum annum) plantations and to obtain healthy chili seedlings.
Design/methodology/approach: The variables that were evaluated were germination percentage, disease incidence and survival, from the latter the measurement of stem height and root length was performed. The experimental unit was the tray with 30 seedlings with 4 repetitions per treatment: T, T1, T2, T3, T4. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for the response variables and those that presented significant differences, Tukey's mean test was applied with a significance level of p ≤ 0.05, analyzed with the Minitab Statistical program version 20.0.
Results: Fusarium spp was isolated on all soils of the plots cultivated with huacle pepper. Treatment T1 presented the best effect inhibitory against Fusarium spp., with 92.2% germination and 18.3% incidence of Fusarium spp., was found the 82% surviving seedlings had an average height of 16 cm and 7.9 cm of root length. The treatment labeled T4 present the best results on variables of germination, percent incidence and survival. This can be explain, because the soil used was sterilized and the fungus not propagules may present irreversible detrimental process that can lead to death and not infected the the huacle chili pepper seedlings. In contrast, T did not prosper due to the death of all seedlings with non-sterile soil, or with BCA or biological products.
Limitations of the study/implications: The trays with the 30 huacle pepper seedlings were placed with a plastic barrier, to prevent cross-contamination between treatments.
Findings/conclusions: The BCA with containing the nitrogen-fixing bacteria and B. subtilis, present in, T1, record the best results to inhibit damage generated by Fusarium spp., by expressing antagonism and allowing high percentage of survival of chili seedlings huacle and acted as a promoter of plant development by presenting the best root growth and height of the seedlings.Objective: To evaluate the effect of biological control agents (BCA) and two biological formulations (Bio-Terra and Bio-CNPR) against the phytopathogens found in the soil of huacle chili (Capsicum annuum) plantations, in order to obtain healthy seedlings.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The following design variables were evaluated: germination (%), disease incidence (%), and survival (%). Stem height and root length were also evaluated. The experimental unit was a tray with n=30 seedlings per each treatments (T0, T1, T2, T3, and T4) and four repetitions. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used. Tukey’s mean test was applied (using the Minitab Statistical program version 20.0) in units that presented differences (p≤0.05).
Results: The phytopathogenic microorganism Fusarium spp. was isolated from the soil of the plots cultivated with huacle chili. The T1 treatment recorded the best inhibitory effect against Fusarium spp.: it had 92.2% germination, 18.3% incidence of Fusarium spp., and 82% surviving seedlings (with an average height of 16 cm and a root length of 7.9 cm). The sterilization of the soil lead to T4 having the best results in germination, incidence, and survival, since Fusarium spp. did not damage huacle chili seedlings. In contrast, T0 did not prosper neither with BCA nor with biological products, since all the seedlings in non-sterile soil died.
Study Limitations/Implications: A plastic barrier was placed between the trays with the chili seedlings to avoid cross-contamination between treatments.
Findings/Conclusions: T1 (the BCA with nitrogen-fixing bacteria and B. subtilis) recorded the best counteracting results against the damage generated by Fusarium spp. Their antagonism allowed a high percentage of survival of huacle chili seedlings and encouraged plant development through the best root growth and height of the seedlings
Surface water balance at the Chapingo River basin: rainfall intercepted by vegetation and water infiltration into the soil
Get PDFObjective: Estimate the surface water balance in the Chapingo river micro-basin in the period 2014 and 2016-2018 based on information collected on precipitation and runoff, the use of interception simulation models, and the remaining estimate of infiltration.
Design/methodology/approach: During the wet season of 2014 and 2016-2018, the water balance in unit depths was estimated from precipitation and runoff data, interception simulation models, and estimation of infiltration as a remnant of the balance.
Results: The highest interception rate was found in the year (2014) with the lowest range and least dispersion of precipitation, while the lowest interception occurred in the year (2018) with opposite characteristics of precipitation. In two of the years of study, a linear relationship was found between precipitation and surface runoff with R2 greater than 0.81. The interception rate was lower in the oyamel forest (7.7% -9.3%), the interception variation between grassland, pine forest, oak forest and agricultural area was 20% to 23%. The remaining water for infiltration represented between 85.5% and 88.2% of the precipitated water.
Study limitations/implications: It is necessary to know the temporal evolution of the rainfall interception and the soil moisture to specify the potential recharge to the aquifer.
Findings/conclusions: Interception is the main vehicle by which water reaches the ground in the presence of areas covered by vegetation. Precipitation intensity negatively affects interception and infiltration. The study basin offers a high recharge potential to the Texcoco aquifer.Objective: To estimate the surface water balance in the Chapingo River microbasin in the years 2014, 2016, 2017, and 2018, based on information collected on rainfall and runoff, the use of interception simulation models, and the estimation of the of infiltration as a remainder of the balance.
Design/Methodology/Approach: During the 2014, 2016, 2017, and 2018 wet seasons, the water balance in unit sheet was estimated based on rainfall and runoff data, mathematical interception simulation models, and estimation of infiltration as a remainder of the balance.
Results: The highest interception rate was recorded in 2014, with a shorter range and lower dispersion of rainfall, while the lowest interception occurred in 2018 with opposite rainfall characteristics. A linear relationship was found, in two years, between rainfall and surface runoff with R2 greater than 0.81. The interception rate was lower in the oyamel fir forest (7.7-9.3%), while the variation in interception between grasslands, pine forests, oak forests, and agricultural areas ranged from 20% to 23%. The remaining infiltration water represented between 85.5% and 88.2% of the rainfall.
Study Limitations/Implications: Determining the temporal evolution of the interception and humidity in the soil is necessary to specify the potential recharge to the aquifer.
Findings/Conclusions: Interception is the main vehicle by which water reaches the ground in areas covered by vegetation. Rainfall intensity has a negative impact on interception and infiltration. The basin under study offers a high recharge potential to the Texcoco aquifer
In vitro multiplication of lulo (Solanum quitoense Lamarck) for preservation purposes
Get PDFThe objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of treatment, temperature and time using the minimum growth technique under in vitro conditions on stems with a length of 2 mm of Solanum quitoense. There were 8 treatments with different concentrations of mannitol, sucrose and Murashige and Skoog(1962) (0 ,5g L-1, 10 g L-1, 15 g L-1, 20 g L-1, 25 g L-1, 30 g L-1,30 g L-1), the experiments were placed in a room at 25 ºC and another at 21 ºC, the growth of the stem was recorded every fifteen days. The Generalized Linear Model showed that the treatments with the best results were those using 20 g L -1 and 30 g L-1 of mannitol in S. quitoense, which reduced in vitro growth in a remarkable way, preserving the characteristics of subsistence and vigor at a temperature of 21 ºC, while the applied concentrations of sucrose promoted rapid growth of the stem and shoot
Control of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) in greenhouses
Get PDFA formulation based on neem oil (Azadirachta indica), chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla), lechuguilla (Agave lechuguilla torrey) and cactus pectin extracts at different concentrations was used in greenhouses to control the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Genn.). For moth monitoring, ecological water traps were used to which Noctovi® dipteran pheromones and a food component based on 50% sugar and 20% powdered yeast were added. The work was carried out in six tomato and strawberry production greenhouses located in the city of Durango, in northern Mexico, from August to November 2014. Plant extracts formulated with lechugilla surfactant based on chicalote (Argemone mexicana L.), skunk epazote (Chenopodium glaucum) and higuerilla (Ricinus communis) were used as controls and sprayed at intervals of 15 days each. Field results indicate that the formulation based on neem oil, nopal pectin, chamomile and lechuguilla extracts presented a moth mortality rate of 60% in tomato crops and 62% in strawberry crops
Benefits of homemade chocolate consumption on human health
Get PDFObjective: To describe the benefits of homemade chocolate consumption on human health in La Chontalpa, Tabasco, Mexico.
Design/Methodology/Approach: We interviewed 49 persons in La Chontalpa, along with 30 contacts from social networks; additionally, a participatory workshop was held with 15 persons trained in making homemade chocolate. A traditional specialist doctor who uses cacao as a medicinal base was interviewed and we were observers during cacao ceremonies. The information was analyzed using opinion analysis and the Chi-square test.
Results: Ninety-seven-point nine percent of the interviewees agreed that consuming homemade chocolate is beneficial for health, while 89.8% mentioned that consuming chocolate makes them feel good. Fifty-five percent of the consumers consider that chocolate provides them energy; 51.1% say that it helps them to control hunger and thirst; and 36.7% feel that consuming it takes away sadness and laziness. The benefits of chocolate consumption reported in the ceremonies, workshops, and interviews were that it controls depression, promotes concentration, and causes joy; it also cures diarrhea, anemia, headaches, and stomach ache.
Study Limitations/Implications: The sanitary restrictions derived from the COVID-19 pandemic limited face-to-face interviews in 2021, which were instead carried out using social networks. It is forbidden to record and take photos and videos of cacao ceremonies; therefore, we were unable to document them.
Findings/Conclusions: In La Chontalpa, Tabasco, the population consumes homemade chocolate because they believe that chocolate provides mental and physical health benefits
Regionalization of fish production in Mexico based on production value data in MXN pesos.
Get PDFObjective: Generate a fishing regionalization activity in Mexico based on the economic criteria due to thevalue of fishery production.Design/Methodology/Approach: Socioeconomic data was taken as well as analyzed from the StatisticalYearbook of Aquaculture and Fisheries of fisheries in Mexico. Subsequently, the findings were organizedin a database with geospatial referent reclassified into nominal or ordinal qualitative statistical values. Thereclassification process was done through the use of a Geographic Information System, specifically withArcview 3.2 software, which allowed the generation of geostatistical analysis procedures through the use ofthe Kriging tool.Results: The results are displayed in a visually referenced database shown on a map constructed by datavectorization. The regionalization map of fisheries in Mexico is based on economic criteria of production valueclassified in four zones with different fishing priority.Limitations/implications: The lack of studies and social, economic and productive indexes of the Mexicanfishery is a limitation in the work of regionalization of fishing activity.Findings/conclusions: The efficiency of the use of Kriging as a multispecific analysis tool can be proven.The proposed regionalization is based solely on the monetary value, an item that has a greater weight inthe decisions made by the institutions, due to its importance in terms of Mexico’s Gross Domestic Product.These criteria together with the use of computational tools allowed the geolocalized regional categorizationof zones with similar characteristics classified into four fishing regions according to their degree of economicimportance: low, medium, high and main
Evaluation of the application of fertilizers and biostimulants in Zephyranthes lindleyana Herb (Amarylidaceae) under greenhouse conditions
Get PDFObjective: To evaluate the effect of different doses of N, P, K fertilizers and two biostimulants, on growth parameters and vegetative development in plants of the species Z. lindleyana Herb.
Design/methodology/approach: An experiment was established under greenhouse conditions under a CRD; ten treatments with five repetitions were tested, with different doses of N, P and K and two biostimulants. The experimental unit was one plant per pot. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis tests (α=0.05). Budding, flowering, leaf height, number of leaves and seed production were measured.
Results: Vegetative development was distinguished in all plants. Only six treatments showed flowering. The percentage of floral and vegetative sprouting did not show delay or advance in the physiology of the plant. In leaf height and number of leaves, different behaviors were detected in the treatments, not detected in the Kruskal-Wallis tests. The plants treated with high doses of NPK fertilization and combined with biostimulants showed inflorescences and seed production.
Limitations on study/implications: Being a native plant with ornamental potential, the collection of this species is a challenge due to the lack of studies on the potential distribution of the species.
Findings/conclusions: This species can be cultivated under a greenhouse and pot planting system. Floral budding, height and number of leaves is stimulated by high doses of nitrogen. The combination of NPK and biostimulants favors development/growth and seed production
Pregerminative treatments in Tillandsia ionantha seeds to obtain seedlings under in vitro culture
Get PDFObjective: To search for an in vitro strategy to favor both germination and a greater number of seedlings in Tillandsia ionantha; also, to promote the development of future research on this species.
Design/methodology/approach: Factor one: lighting conditions (light-dark), factor two: 13 preconditioning treatments, which included storage at room temperature and in refrigeration at 10° C, soaking (12 and 24 hours), with hydrogen peroxide (10 and 20 %), potassium nitrate (0.2 and 0.4 %), gibberellins (50 and 150 ml.l-1), three alternate incubation temperatures (28, 32 and 36 °C). They were sown in MS medium (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) at 25 %, adding 20 g.l-1 of sugar, 2 g.l-1 of activated carbon, and 5 .5 g.l-1 of agar. A flask with three seeds which coma removed was established as an experimental unit; 15 repetitions were established and placed in the incubation room at 24 °C with a photoperiod of 16:8. The germination process was recorded, and the seedlings were extracted two months after their establishment.
Results: The treatment that resulted in the highest number of seeds that initiated the germination process and the highest number of plants was when the seeds were kept at room temperature. The highest contamination was observed in the treatment exposed to 32 °C. It was observed that 80% of the experimental units showed signs of imbibition within a few days, although the vast majority did not complete the process and the maximum yield was on average 1.4 seedlings.
Conclusions: The best treatment is to use seeds stored at room temperature and if storage is necessary, to soak them for 12 h