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Space of Questions : Interview with Bernard Tschumi
No full textBERNARD TSCHUMI: We should be careful about using the word “discipline,” which is reminiscent of the kind of disciplinary regime used in religion, slavery, and boarding schools. But as a “field of knowl-edge,” sure—other disciplines inevitably influence architecture. Winds pollinize fields. Fields pollinize one another. Think of the architectural terms “structure,” “column,” “window,” “bridge,” “keystone,” and so forth, pollinizing philosophy. The discipline of philosophy would not exist without architecture. Think of Ancient Greece: How much did architecture contaminate philosophy 2,500 years ago
KnaufTerm3D — Software for Modelling and Calculation of Buildings Energy Efficiency Properties
No full textKnaufTerm3D is a unique software, completely designed and produced in Serbia, aimed for calculations in the fi eld of energy effi ciency of buildings. After 3 years of designing, we published it 4
years ago, and it is still growing and improving. We use it on a daily basis, in different architectural
projects, for over 1.5 million sqm of space. Main difference comparing with the other BIM software, is
in modelling process: here, the model is built from the “cells”, which are creating “rooms’’, which are
organised in “groups”, “levels” and “zones” – one may say: as in a children brick game (“Lego”). User
is not using objects as “walls’’, or “slabs “ or “roofs “, to create the space model, like in the rest of the
similar programs, but the software creates the space automatically, and all positions (walls, roofs,
fl oors, etc.) are created automatically. The rest of the calculation process is conducted according
to the Regulations of Serbia. Last year, Regulations of Montenegro were included also. Some of the
project’s design and model properties, through the software capability, are presented here
Механика и отпорност материјала : практикум
Get PDFПрактикум је намењен студентима Архитектонског факултета у функцији савладавања
материје која се излаже на предмету Механика и отпорност материјала на првој години
академских студија, а кроз активност током наставе која се вреднује кроз рад на решавању
нумеричких задатака који тематски прате предавања предвиђена програмом.
Академске студије архитектуре имају за циљ да студентима обезбеде знања о основним
теоријским поставкама и методама архитектонског и урбанистичког пројектовања и извођења
архитектонских објеката, што подразумева и разумевање проблема који се тичу пројектовања,
прорачуна и извођења конструкција зграда. Циљ предмета Механика и отпорност материјала
на Архитектонском факултету Универзитета у Београду је да студентима обезбеди основна
знања у вези са природом, расподелом и величином унутрашњих сила у напрегнутим
линијским елементима конструкција, као и основна знања у вези са димензионисањем ових
елемената тако да буду задовољењи критеријуми чврстоће, крутости и стабилности.
Практикум треба да омогући дубље разумевање основних теоријских поставки изнетих на
предавањима, које се остварује кроз анализу случајева, односно решавање нумеричких
задатака, који су у практикуму изложени и илустровани на једноставан и разумљив начин
Torre del Gabbione [46th Salon of Architecture, 2024]
Get PDFИмајући у виду импозантан број кула у ширем окружењу разматраног примерка овог драгоценог фортификационог градитељског наслеђа, интервенција је усмерена ка успостављању универзалних смерница и системског предлога за решавање проблема интегралне обнове. На макро плану, предвиђено је да се куле међусобно увежу у јединствени туристички систем увођењем приобалне пловне културне руте. Последично, приступна платформа (док/пристан) препозната је као елемент који може бити вишеструко апликативан – инваријантно у односу на непосредне топографске условљености које варирају од куле до куле. Такође, за универзални ентитет интервенције усвојен је степенишни елемент деконструисан са остатака околног градитељског наслеђа. Помоћу њега, кула се може издвојено и са дистанце сагледавати у сопственом окружењу. Он истовремено представља и видиковац према мору и, приликом инфотура, гледалиште за праћење предавања у форми зидних пројекција. Новоуведена зидна маса у форми је габиона испуњених дробљеним изворним каменом. Смештањем зоне комуникације тј. функције кретања у фасадни омотач куле, прецизније, унутар замишљеног продужетка зидне масе – будућем кориснику омогућено је да, без обзира на степен девастираности, типологију и морфолошке карактеристике куле, може досезати до висински различитих нивоа и позиција на кули. Замисао је да се у удвојени скелет умећу шетне стазе и на тај начин гради систем који би, између осталог, одражавао и могућност остваривања неслућених визура. Употребом решеткастих панела целокупан простор би продисао у вертикалном смислу, био би остварен значајнији упад светлости и пробој капи кише, боља спознаја остатака тврђаве који би се нашли непосредно испод, као и кључна визуелна комуникативност међу корисницима. Премда би функција кретања уобичајено бивала успостављена уметањем нових таваница које су или парафразе или цитати затечених, понуђено решење то не чини – не сугерише додавање ниједне нове таванице. Напротив, затечена таваница се, волуменски посматрано, на неки начин укида ошупљењем и пропуштањем светлости у пређашњи мрачни и затворени простор. Доприносећи стварању утиска о хипотетички могућем бесконачном низању фасадних елемената по вертикали, предложена интервенција настоји да превазиђе било какву неспретност по питању реституције иницијалног (аутентичног) волумена куле будући да је то основна архивска непознаница конкурса. Избегнута је, дакле, било каква антиципација иницијалног волумена и предложен такав просторни гест који оправдава немогућност за појавном одређеношћу и волуменском коначношћу. Напротив, предложена контура највиших слојева зидне масе само је једна секвенца у широком спектру могућих завршних контура.Given the impressive number of towers in the broader environment of the considered specimen of this valuable fortification architectural heritage, the intervention focuses on establishing universal guidelines and a systemic proposal for solving the problem of integral renewal. On a macro level, it has been foreseen towers to be interconnected into a unique tourist system by introducing a waterside cultural route. Consequently, the access platform (dock/jetty) is recognised as an element that can be multiply applicable – invariantly in relation to the immediate topographic conditions that vary from tower to tower. Also, as the universal entity of the intervention, a stair element deconstructed from the remains of the surrounding architectural heritage has been adopted. Thanks to it, the tower becomes separately viewable from a distance in its environment. It serves both as a viewpoint towards the sea and as a venue for attending info tour-wise lectures in the form of wall projections. The newly introduced wall mass is in the form of gabions filled with crushed native stone. By placing the communication zone or user circulation function within the tower envelope, namely the imaginary extension of the wall mass – the future user is enabled to reach altitudinally different levels and positions at the tower regardless of either the devastation degree, typology, or morphological characteristics of the tower. The concept implies inserting the promenade paths into a doubled skeleton creating thereby a system that, among other things, reflects the possibility of achieving unsuspected views. By using grid treads/panels, the entire space would breathe vertically, more significant light penetration and raindrop breakthrough would be achieved, as well as a better cognition of the fortress remnants positioned directly below, and crucial visual communicativeness among users. Although user circulation would typically be established by inserting new floor slabs that are either paraphrases or citations of the existing ones, the proposed solution does not do so – it does not suggest adding any new floor slabs. On the contrary, the existing floor slab is somehow abolished from a volumetric point of view by penetrating it and allowing light into the previously dark and enclosed space. Contributing to the creation of an impression of a hypothetically endless succession of facade elements in a vertical sense, the proposed intervention seeks to overcome any awkwardness regarding the restitution of the initial (authentic) tower volume, given that it is the primary archival uncertainty of the competition. So, any anticipation of the initial volume has been avoided, and such a spatial gesture has been proposed that justifies the impossibility of manifest determination and volumetric finitude. On the contrary, the proposed contour of the highest layers of the wall mass is just one sequence in a wide spectrum of possible ending contours
Subotica (un)built - space syntax as a tool for exploring unfinished modernisations
Get PDFThis research represents a part of a broader study on
the subject of unfinished modernisations from the
Yugoslav era. It raises the question of how we should
deal with unfinished large-scale urban developments
in the present time, given the shift from the socialist
to the post-socialist or neoliberal planning paradigm
that occurred in the member states after the
dissolution of Yugoslavia.
The selection of Subotica as the case study was
motivated firstly due to an unfinished modernisation,
imagined as two mass housing neighborhoods:
Prozivka and Radijalac, connected by a boulevard/
pedestrian zone, that spans the width of the city and
which is spontaneously developing today with no
clear vision, and secondly, to introduce Subotica’s still
rather unknown modern heritage to an international
audience.
Typically, studies on modern architecture are
conducted through historical-interpretive research
strategies. However, this research explores the
potential for aiding historical research with simulation
strategies, particularly space syntax, a set of theories
and techniques for analysing spatial configurations,
in order to achieve a more comprehensive research
approach by adding a layer of quantifiable data to the
qualitative nature of historical inquiries.
The historical-interpretive aspect of the research
involves analysing the origin and development of
modern architecture and planning in Subotica, while
the simulation research aspect applies space syntax
analysis to compare the planned and realized state of
Subotica’s unfinished modernization, resulting in a set
of analytical drawings.
The goal of this research is twofold. Firstly, it explores
the potential of space syntax to implement historical
urban plans in contemporary urban settings and
planning practices, and secondly, for the particular
case study of Subotica, it aims to determine if the
city would benefit by finishing its once imagined
modernisations
Going Green-Less: A Morphological and Functional Study of Decreasing Green Public Spaces in Novi Beograd, Serbia
Get PDFThe approach to urban planning and development of public spaces supporting healthy lifestyles and well-being within the wider context of green infrastructure in Belgrade, Serbia, has undergone an observable and measurable shift. Various factors have contributed to a decline in the planning and implementation of these spaces, particularly for newly designed residential developments, with the most significant prominence observed since the beginning of the 21st century.
This paper seeks to examine the spatial and non-spatial factors that contributed to the decrease
in the previously established urban planning approach for green public spaces. Changes in laws
and regulations, transformation in lifestyle perspectives, and the impact of globalization can all
be attributed to the resulting spatial impacts. This paper will utilize five case studies, focusing on
residential blocks within the Novi Beograd municipality (Blocks 19a, Block 30, Block A, Belville and
West 65), to illustrate the shift in urban planning perspective and its outcomes. Through a comparative study of these cases, a clear change in approach when conceiving and implementing green public spaces is demonstrated.
In addition to providing a comprehensive overview of the resulting spatial impacts stemming from the examined changes in perspective, this research will present a set of applicable guidelines for future developments, encompassing both theoretical and practical aspects. As urban planning practices for new developments increasingly disregard the requirements of public spaces that support healthy lifestyles, notably in human interaction and well-being, this topic remains continuously relevant
Visual thinking: A methodological approach to age-inclusive housing research
No full textThis research is placed in the arena of architectural education and its associated professional context, exposed to numerous urban challenges and influences, such as social transformation and uncontrolled urban growth, emphasized in the housing domain. Residential typologies are evolving and transforming in a continuous synergy of spatial and behavioral patterns influenced by contemporary lifestyles and corresponding morphological formats. Addressing these challenges and finding appropriate professional responses in housing practice necessitates considering methodological approaches that are flexible across different typologies and adaptable to various scales. The current Charter of Architectural Education (UIA/UNESCO) identifies understanding methods for research, imagination, and creative thinking as key educational goals. Additionally, the EAAE Charter for Architectural Research emphasizes the need to strengthen problem-based thinking. In this context, visual thinking serves as a bridge between problem-based and creative thinking. Therefore, this paper focuses on a methodological approach to researching age-inclusive housing related to visual thinking. This research is conducted within the framework of the international Erasmus+ project sUser (https://suserproject.org/), focused on Introducing User-Driven Design and Agile Development Skills in the Case of Sustainable Service Housing for Elderly. The paper provides an overview with a clustering structure that includes four design approaches (user-driven design, system thinking, eco-design, and agile methodologies) in relation to visual thinking. For each approach, the discussion centers on visual tools (such as drawings, diagrams, maps, etc.) and their explicit use concerning specific aspects explored in designing age-inclusive housing. The study's outcome presents a systematic overview of identified visual tools followed by a comparative discussion of the four recognized design approaches
Arhitektonski narativi: prostorni i temporalni ambijenti
No full textArchitectural narratives provide insights into the complex interplay between architecture, culture, and society within the built environment. They become a model for analysing, perceiving, and thinking about architectural artefacts. In this process, the atmosphere phenomenon, a key aspect, becomes a phenomenological standpoint for architectural research. The conceptualisation of atmosphere is commonly questioned throughout a relationship between the perceptive capacity of humans and an effective environment. The anatomy of perceptual engagement includes the physical and sensory characteristics of space on the one hand and culture's philosophical, political, ethical, and aesthetic character on the other. The ambiguous character of the atmosphere will be analysed using such multidimensional conditionality in the case study of the Family house in Bigovo, Montenegro.Arhitektonski narativi predstavljaju složene fenomene koji se realizuju u
uzajamnom odnosu arhitekture, kulture i društva, a realizuju se u izgrađenom okruženju.
Kao anticiprajući faktori oni postaju model za analizu, opažanje i razmišljanje o
arhitektonskim artefaktima. U ovom procesu fenomen atmosfere postaje
fenomenološko polazište za arhitektonsko istraživanje. Konceptualizacija ambijenata
dovodi u pitanje odnos između perceptivnog kapaciteta ljudi i senzornog kapaciteta
okruženja. Anatomija perceptivnog angažmana uključuje fizičke i čulne karakteristike
prostora na jednoj strani i kulturalni, filozofski, politički, etički i estetski karakter na drugoj.
Pristup analizi arhitektonskog ambijenta biće analiziran kroz potencijal višečulnog
iskustva i perceptivnog angažmana na studiji slučaja porodične kuće u Bigovu, Crna
Gora
Juxtaposing Hybrid Models of Contemporary Architectural Drawing: The 8th Kilometre Experiment [extended abstract]
No full textThis project relies on the analytical methodologies developed for the PhD research that
resulted in discovering specific models of drawing that have shaped the design process during
the twenty-first century: representational-transcriptive and speculative-simulative
model.1 These two models, considered hybrid forms of the architectural drawing, emerge as
a result of the application of digital tools in architecture in response to the critical perception
and problematization of global socio-cultural phenomena. The research discusses the position
of the developed models of drawings between two standpoints – first, presuming the drawing
as a final result of the research process and second, understanding the drawing as a research
tool. In the contemporary context shaped by the digital tools, the architectural drawing as part
of the architectural design process has become a versatile, multi-layered and hybrid tool
which, in addition to its primary role of distributing information, has an increasingly important
position in design-driven research and artistic approaches of exploring architectural design
concepts. The main aim of this work is focused on dispositioning the developed drawing
models and integrating them within a single design-driven process. Proposed dispositioning
develops around and builds on the project of the Eighth kilometre of the city of Bor that
represented the Republic of Serbia at the 17th Architecture Exhibition La Biennale di Venezia
in 2021
UB-FA students’ yearbook 2023-2024 [Studio Design 04b (3rd Year - IA)]
No full textГодишњак студентских радова УБ-АФ је резултат вишегодишње активности развијане на Универзитету у Београду – Архитектонском факултету и настао је са намером да буде један од канала дисеминације и промоције резултата наставног процеса на студијским програмима основног и мастер нивоа. Годишњак је публикација прегледног карактера која на систематизован начин пружа увид у теме, приступе и одговоре на семестралне задатке. Тежња је да се Годишњак приређује на годишњем нивоу архивирањем и презентацијом испитних елабората студената како на предметима типа студио пројекат, тако и осталим предметима чија се методологија заснива на пројектној настави.UB-FA Students’ Yearbook is the result of multi-year activities with a focus on archiving and presenting the students’ work in design studio courses, as well as other project-based courses at the University of Belgrade - Faculty of Architecture. The Yearbook is created to be one of the channels for dissemination and promotion of the results from the educational process in bachelor’s and master's programs. Published annually, the Yearbook gives an overview as a systematic insight into topics, approaches, and responses to semester tasks