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Possibilities of energy efficient refurbishment of a family villa in Belgrade: a case study
Get PDFA systematic approach to the restoration of an architectural structure is considered to be of
crucial importance for its preservation. The objective of the research is to identify adequate
methodologies for structural restoration in terms of energy efficiency, in accordance with modern
requirements. The main method of this study is the observation of an architectural structure
during its restoration and exploitation, and analysis and evaluation criteria for the findings regarding
energy efficiency increase and energy saving. The subject of the research is a 1930s
family villa in Belgrade, the analysis of the results achieved during the restoration of the villa
in terms of energy efficiency and meeting modern living and comfort requirements. The study
findings are recommendations for increasing energy efficiency during the restoration of a family
villa in accordance with all modern living requirements. The key strategies to energy efficient
refurbishment of the existing building are understanding and defining the already existing energy
efficiency aspects of previous construction styles, in order to keep applying them efficiently,
along with the latest construction methods. The study findings present the recommendations
for increasing energy efficiency during restoration of the existing structures, while at the same
time preserving the authenticity of those structures. The main contribution of the study is a
practical evaluation of energy refurbishment of the restored structure, which is realized through
various principles and measures of energy efficiency along with the use of renewable energy
sources, in accordance with the conservation requirements and protection and preservance of
authentic appearance of the building itself
The impact of users’ behaviour on solar gains in residential buildings
Get PDFRegulations governing the relevant procedures for the energy certification of buildings in Serbia
do not consider the impact of users’ behaviour on the level of heat loss or gain. In the
case of solar heat gains, the gains are calculated both through transparent, as well as through
non-transparent thermal envelope positions. Solar gains through transparent parts - windows
and balcony doors are dominant, and depend on thermal properties of windows, orientation,
shadings. In this regard, the regulation stipulates that all transparent (and semi-transparent)
surfaces in the residential areas, other than those oriented to the north, northeast and northwest,
must have non-transparent protection from direct solar radiation in the summer period.
Shading elements can be permanent and movable, and their shading effect is defined by the
standard EN 13790.
Users express different attitude towards the possibilities of solar gains provided through the
glazed parts. This is mainly determined by the dynamics of moving (lifting) the shadings, which
depends on their presence and, to a large extent, on the heating system (with the assumption
that in buildings connected to the district heating system and the lump sum of heat consumption
per m2, users are not motivated to contribute actively to the heat gains).
The paper analyses the ratio of lifted / lowered (outer) shadings at different times of the day
in the winter period on several examples of collective housing in Belgrade, with the aim of
establishing the effective calculated area of the window for solar gains. The comparison of the
obtained results with the parameters of the reduction due to sun protection equipment defined
by the standard EN 13790, aims to establish and promote the design values that are realistic
for use in the energy certification procedure of residential buildings
Evaluation of wall thermal performance for vegetation wall
Get PDFApplication of vegetation walls is not a new concept in the realization of facade layer. The integration of vegetation in
architectural objects can be a viable approach for the implementation of the facade of new and existing facilities. The
vegetation walls are one of the more innovative and developed concepts of green building technology. This fact is
based on the original scale buildings with vegetation walls that contribute in improving the overall design performance
of buildings and become a significant factor in the process of improving the thermal characteristics of the buildings.
This paper explored the potential of new technologies in the realization of vegetation walls in architectural buildings,
their thermal characteristics and design potential of the building envelope in the climatic conditions of Belgrade.
Research has shown that the application of the proposed design principles vegetation walls may be successful project
solutions applied to the building envelope in the climatic conditions of Belgrade. The thesis provides an overview of
technical innovations that can be applied in the design process to minimize thermal effects on objects. The study
confirmed the possibility of improving the thermal facility by using vegetation wall as the building envelope
Smart city concept in the strategic urban planning process. Case study of the city of Belgrade, Serbia
Get PDFEuropean regions and cities intensively apply the Smart City concept, pursuing to maximize the use of contemporary
technologies and Internet of Things (IoT) in problem solving when it comes to transport, city logistics, environmental
improvement, life quality for their citizens, and many other aspects. This concept has been elaborated through smart
city strategies dealing specifically with the topics such as smart governance, smart economy, smart environment,
smart living, smart people, and smart mobility, but often also as a part of comprehensive urban development
strategies. In the case of the City of Belgrade, the Smart City concept has been introduced through several strategic
development documents (e.g. City of Belgrade Development Strategy 2017-2021). The aim of this paper is to identify
the future long-term development vision rooted in the Belgrade’s most recent strategic documents, by detecting the
parts that lay fertile ground for innovation and entrepreneurial culture, inherent elements of the Smart City model. This
approach should reveal the city development domains that are the first to encompass innovations in strategic planning
and enable the introduction of the Smart City concept on a larger scale. Having in mind that holistic approaches to
urban development and resilience and global knowledge-based platforms can lead to important achievements for the
future of the cities, it is also important to make, at this point, some useful links between Belgrade and other comparable
and innovative European cities. For the purpose of making comparison between the City of Belgrade and advanced
European cities of similar demographic and urban features (e.g. Barcelona, Vienna etc.) topics such as development
of transparency in decision-making, or improved stakeholders’ participation and collaboration in service provision,
will be used to demonstrate the existing gap between them, as well as to point out the direction on which Belgrade
should embark on
Survey-based research as a scientific answer to the deficiency of qualitative data regarding micro-urban level of new multy-family housing in Serbia
Get PDFIn socialist era, multi-family housing played an important role in creating decent life for proletariat as the main social class in cities. Mass-construction of this type of housing put forward the creation and implementation of standards in housing, which consequently formed a specific urban fabric in socialist cities. Socialist Yugoslavia was a bit unique example due to decentralization during its last decades. This enabled the existence of regional and local housing standards. The differentiation in space was reflected thereby in every local unit, with locally-set relations between buildings and their plots as well as neighbour street and buildings. Therefore, different micro-urban characteristics appeared in housing.
This situation was just intensified with the dissolution of Yugoslavia, leaving a lot of freedom to local level to do its own housing “policy”. These local “policies” have been significantly influenced by growing market economy and private incentive in housing. Multi-family housing has been favourable type of housing construction for new private investors due to the best exploitation of all related resources. Therefore, it has become a dominant type of housing construction. In the case of micro-urban conditions, this approach has triggered the entire urban development and has sparked public opinion in some extreme cases.
Nevertheless, the relevant legislative and statistical data adopted and published by official institutions, such as competent Ministries and Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, is scarce, inaccurate and scientifically limited. Thus, the aim of this research is to find solutions to overcome this gap by using the knowledge and experience of local experts in urbanism. Taking in account that this research is based on their opinions regarding micro-urban conditions in housing, selected methodology is a survey. It was conducted among the participants of the Summer school of urbanism in Kragujevac, Serbia, in May 14-15 2015. Their professional opinion is analyzed to form recommendations and guidelines for the improvement of current state in housing planning and development in Serbia
Belgrade: Belgrade in plural
No full textBelgrade is the capital of Serbia, a small European country. It’s by far
the largest city in the country, not only by the population of 1.790.000
inhabitants (1.517.000 within the closer area), which is 24% of Serbian
population2
, nor by the population density of 513 inhabitants/km2, in the
Belgrade region; which is five times higher than that in any other region
of the Republic of Serbia; nor by the total area of 322.268 ha (35.996 ha
within the closer area) which is 3,6% of Serbia's territory3
, but more visibly
by its economic power where the Belgrade region accounts for 40% of
the GDP of Serbia and has a 71% higher amount “per capita” than the
national average4
. Belgrade is also, not only the seat of state bodies
and institutions and almost all diplomatic missions, but also the tourist,
commercial, industrial, transportation, financial, cultural, scientific and
educational center (by all indicators, Belgrade is up to 50% of the total
tertiary education capacity of Serbia5
). According to the “Globalization and
World Cities (GaWC) Research Network” Belgrade is classified as a “Beta-
“ world city6
. Belgrade is located at the confluence of two international,
navigable rivers: the Danube river and the Sava river, on the north border
of the Balkan peninsula, at the top of the hill..
Вахау – Одрживи културни предео у функцији развоја региона Србији
Get PDFДосадашња истраживања културних предела махом су ограничена на истраживање општих аспеката развоја, док је мали број радова посвећен теми развоја конкретних регија. Циљ овог рада је на истраживању просторне динамике региона – на физичком и економском аспекту као покретачима даљег развоја посматраног простора. Предео Вахауа је постао значајан у претходне две деценије, након што је у децембру 2000. године као „Културни Предео Вахау“ уписан у UNESCO листу светске баштине, због своје архитектонске и пољопривредне историје. Овај предео је препознат као један од изузетних примера речног предела омеђеног планинама, са богатим материјалним доказима о својој дугој историјској традицији. Главни оквир истраживања подразумева детаљан преглед постојеће литературе за одабрану тему, где је Вахау регија описана као културни предео са богатом историјом, које датира од прaисторијских времена до данас. Такође, радом је обухваћен преглед различитих стратегија за одрживи развој културних предела. Попут других културних предела, Вахау поседује богате квалитете, али постојећи режим управљања је недовољно развијен и није више у потпуности одржив. Ово истраживање спроводи се у циљу добијања одговора на питање: Како се може обезбедити одржива будућност за културни предео? Перспектива за одрживу будућност културног предела Вахауа заснива се на следећим запажањима: потражњом друштва за вишенаменским просторима, интегрисањем различитих дисциплина приликом доношења одлука, одређивањем одговарајућих мера по питању заштите културног предела, добијању подршке од националних и локалних власти, као и јавности, за еколошки прихватљиво управљање, као и преношењу овлашћења за доношење одлука у вези културних предела на начин да се да предност на нивоу региона
Belgrade Riverscape Revisions and Lost Perspectives of Modernisation
Get PDFOn the 24 of January 2017, the new strategy of the re-design of the urban park Ušće (the Confluence), that belongs to the central green zone of Belgrade was presented to the city government. The future landscape project for this space will be authored by the prominent and global urban design firm Gehl Architects. Before the project becomes available to the public, we investigate the intrinsic qualities and values of the existing space in perspective of the Belgrade urban modernisation. During the nineteenth century, Belgrade was a city on a water border-line between the Ottoman Empire, respectively the Principality/Kingdom of Serbia and the Habsburg Monarchy. There was a radical transformation of the city’s urban landscape during this period and the process was driven for the most part by the paradigm of the modern European city. The protagonists of the transformation, the bearers of political and economic power, were following the patterns of a capitalist development of the state. After the end of the World War One, Belgrade was the most densely populated city and the city with the greatest mechanical inflow of population in the newly established Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes (1918–1929), in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1929–41), as well as after World War Two in the Socialist Yugoslavia. The construction of New Belgrade on the right bank of the Danube River, at the deserted space between Belgrade and Zemun (which until 1918 was part of Austria-Hungary) progressed according to the initial concept by the prominent Yugoslav town planner and architect Nikola Dobrović, 1946–48. In all these periods of urban landscape transformation, the main buzzword that has justified the different kind of spatial interventions was expressed by the saying: Belgrade must descents to its rivers. In this context we compare contemporary visions of the Danube riverfront of New Belgrade with the insightful concept from the very beginning of the twentieth century for the Danube suburban neighbourhood in the old Belgrade that reveals the valuable clues of the lost layers in the perpetual metamorphosis of an urban riverscape
Screen media interfaces and environments
Get PDFThe emergence and the development of new media forms took many diverse directions at the end of the twentieth and the beginning of the twenty first century, significantly influencing many areas of everyday life, as well as contemporary architectural practice. New types of architectural space emerged, types that are based on both new media and architectural principles. These spaces are screen, interactive, kinetic, biotechnological, as well as environments of light. These kind of environments gained new principles and features well known in new media field. Especially important for architectural context is the great potential of new media to create illusions and simulations, to produce augmented and composite, virtual realities and spaces. Virtual space represents one of the most challenging form of new media space. It is also the most complex form of screen media environments, so complex that it has taken its own, radical course. Besides the most advanced and complex, screen media interfaces also represent the oldest and typical forms of media architecture. This article will analyze emergence of screen interfaces in architecture, discuss their forms and modalities and examine their influence on human impression of space
M Interior Lighting System [BAB 2017]
Get PDFCOLLECTION M is a product line for illuminating interior spaces for different purposes. The collection is based on a modular system that provides flexibility in the creation of the final product. The combination of the available elements /modules /, the variability of the installation types, and the array of finishing possibilities, enable numerous different models of luminaries. The shape, size and color of the elements vary. By combining these elements and features the desired product appearance is achieved. The user is given the opportunity to modify the product design because the alternations are flexible. Thus the unique lamps in accordance with the client's affinity are developed. The luminaires can be manufactured as: ceiling /pendant/, wall, table or floor lighting