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Belgrade housing modernisation in the first half of 20th century – transformation of spatial concept, construction and materialization of multy-story residential buildings
Get PDFВишеспратне пословно-стамбене и стамбене зграде су све
присутније у Београду од 1900. год. и сведоче о његовој
убрзаној модернизацији. У периоду до Првог светског рата
се развијају основни типови вишепородичних стамбених
зграда и формирају карактеристични облици склопова
зграда и просторне организације станова. Како су градитељи
били образовани у средњоевропским центрима (Пешти,
Бечу, Минхену, Ахену, Берлину и Цириху), типови склопова
и станова су настајали под њиховим утицајем. Након рата,
поред старе активна је и млађа генерација градитеља
образована на Архитектонском одсеку Техничког факултета
у Београду, која доприноси већој разноврсности просторних
решења и јавља се утицај и других европских центара (Прага
и Париза). Кроз анализу су разматрани и компарирани
примери настали у периоду 1900−1914. и 1918−1941. год.
како би се дефинисали основни типови облика основа,
склопова зграда и просторне организације станова. Циљ
истраживања је да се потврди теза о континуитету развоја
и примене истих основних типова склопова зграда и
просторне организације станова у оба периода. Такође
је потврђена и теза о континуираној употреби масивне
конструкције за израду зидова у оба периода, док се
примена савременог материјала, армираног бетона, и
полумонтажне међуспратне конструкције Хербст усталила
током треће и четврте деценије 20. века.Multi-storey business-residential and residential buildings have
been increasingly present in Belgrade since 1900 and testify to
its accelerated modernisation. In the period before the WWI,
the basic types of multi-family residential buildings were
developed and characteristic forms of building assemblies and
spatial organisation of apartments were formed. As builders
were educated in Central European centres (Pest, Vienna,
Munich, Aachen, Berlin and Zurich), the types of assemblies
and apartments were created according to their influence. After
the war, in addition to the old generation of architects, the
younger generation, educated at the Architectural Department
of the Technical Faculty in Belgrade, is also active, which
contributes to a greater variety of solutions and the influence
of other European centres (Prague and Paris). Through the
analysis, examples from the period 1900-14 and 1918-41 are
considered and compared to define the basic types of building
shapes, assemblies and spatial organization of apartments. The
research confirms the thesis on the continuity of development
and application of the same basic types of buildings and
spatial organisation of apartments in both periods. The thesis
of continuous use of masonry construction for making walls
in both periods was also confirmed, while the use of modern
material, reinforced concrete, and semi-prefabricated Herbst
construction was established during the third and fourth
decades of the 20th century
Sustainable architectural design: towards climate change mitigation
Get PDFAbstract Purpose – Excessive amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) undoubtedly lead to climate change, which directly affects both the natural and the built environment. Observing the impact of climate change on the construction industry, this paper examines sustainable architectural design as a tool to mitigate climate change. Design/methodology/approach – To achieve the previous goal, the authors conduct a comprehensive documentary analysis of three types of sources: (1) scholarly articles in the fields of climate research, sustainable construction, green buildings and sustainable architecture; (2) contemporary global reports on climate change and its impact on the built environment and (3) practitioners’ guides explaining practical architectural solutions to the climate crisis. Findings – The systematic analysis provides three types of results: objectives, strategies and principles of sustainable architectural design aimed at mitigating the effects of climate change. On the one hand, the research results provide a solid basis for further conceptual research into architectural design responsive to the effects of changing climate. On the other hand, the detailed strategies and principles are relevant for urban designers and architects. Originality/value – Among a range of literature in the field of climate change and its effects on the built environment, a particular value of the paper is in addressing a very local level, i.e. the level of individual building and its immediate surroundings. More specifically, this paper provides concrete design components that help reduce CO2 emissions, finally decreasing the vulnerability index of urban systems
Projekat enterijera stana [22. salon arhitekture, 2020]
Get PDFThe main idea in this project is to create dynamic ambient effect with circle hole in the wall and its reflection in the circle mirror, custom made lightning and golden color pallet elements. The optical illusion is created with the aim of emphasizing the ambient qualities of the main design motif and creating the visual openness and dynamics in the space using lightning effects and golden color shades
Cohesion-Adhesion Science Park [STRAND 2020]
Get PDFThis is the project of interactive exhibits design for science parks in Serbia, awarded with the first prize at the competition by Centre for promotion of science. This project interprets the scientific phenomena of cohesion-adhesion by putting the people into interactive relation with the effects of they create mutual attraction
of the same or diverse particles of sand, water and colour. The main design concept is based on the simple, elegant circle shapes which affirm ephemerality and fluidity aesthetics of the processes occurring within.
Realized in Leskovac, Serbia, 201
Edukativni centar u Africi [42. salon arhitekture, 2020]
Get PDFBasic condition for society development and its progress is youth education. Main project idea is to create a valuable place to learn, play and live for the children of Malawi. The African school project design is inspired by traditional African architecture; principles that accentuate the spirit of community and emphasize the local heritage create a setting where the children can find a sense of joy and belonging. Anthropologists have concluded that many African societies used fractals in their architecture, spirituality and art. Keeping the African heritage alive, such logic was applied to our design idea, where the project as such is never finished and can always be developed further according to the nature of fractals. With location and sub-tropical climate parameters in mind, presented design solution offers a unique self-sustaining system for every facility. Using clay brick as the main construction material the cost of construction process is reduced and the building itself is simplified, allowing on-site construction. Double-brick walls are constructed of two brick layers with an air gap in between. Clay brick has thermal mass properties and can absorb heat and release it slowly into the objects. This slow release of heat can be great for comfort even during summer, as the house warms up during the day and cools off at night. The perforated brick-style of the outer wall allows constant natural ventilation of the facilities, eliminating the need for artificial ventilation. Solar panels on object roofs are specifically set up to receive the biggest amount of sunlight. Collected rainwater is later used to irrigate the gardens. Recycling the materials from old buildings that will be demolished on site can be used for making some of the furniture and fencing, which helps make the total cost of the construction significantly smaller
Covid-19 Challenges: Architecture of Pandemics, Online Student Workshop [Special Mention at ON Architecture 2020 Exhibition] [STRAND 2020]
Get PDFChallenges of COVID-19: Architecture of Pandemics is an online student workshop with the results which can be recognized on two levels. The first level is reflected in the professional contribution in line with the challenges of COVID-19 in the form of 29 conceptual designs and studies that offer answers on different spatial and program matters. The pandemic architecture thematic and research framework formed a scope within which students were encouraged and empowered to seek, in both process and problem-oriented manner, the answers to contemporary societal challenges. In that order, the disciplinary framework of architecture and urbanism is once again illuminated as a symbiosis of technical, technological, socio-humanistic, and artistic aspects. The second level of contribution is reflected in the developed model and methodological framework of distance learning, which can serve as a model for the realization of similar teaching and extracurricular activities in the future
Development of drawing as a tool for reading the cityscape through the experiment on Block 30 in New Belgrade
Get PDFThe purpose of this paper is to identify the intersection point in
the process of the building of the drawing as a methodological
tool that occurred during PhD research, as well as to demonstrate
the subsequent development of drawing experiments concerning
the turning point for methodology. In the first part of the paper, we
will try to explain why cityscape transformations are the subject of
research. Through a brief historical analysis, we will point out the
basic characteristics of the transformations of the space of Block
30. After that, we will cross the drawing as a methodological
tool with the polygon for the experiment, i.e. with Block 30, and
slowly start showing the steps that took place during the study
on the elective course Architecture and Visual Language. The
selected experiment aims to shed light on the turn that happened
at that time for the methodology itself, but also to further point
out the potential of contemporary drawing through layering
and the connection between differently positioned architectural
tools. In the final sections, we will discuss methodology reversal
by examining current drawing experiments to see if it allows
methodology to be constantly transformed and drawing to move
from its static role to dynamic tool development. In this way, the
drawing is enabled to include and follow contemporary currents
in the design process at a higher level, as well as to move towards
one that can respond to the speed and density of spatial changes
that occur and provide innovative knowledge
Kad bi arhitekta bio klijent: Gde i kakvu kuću bi sagradili Milutinović, Mitrović i Vojvodić za sebe
Get PDFPitali smo naše poznate arhitekte gde i kakvu kuću za odmor bi sagradili za sebe kao i da li bi je projektovali sami. Odgovori će vas iznenaditi!
Pandemija koronavirusa uticala je da mnogi ljudi postave sebi pitanje da li prednosti koje pruža život u gradovima odjedanput postale mane. Mnogi su počeli da maštaju o boravku u prirodi, a potraga za „svojim parčetom zemlje“ na Avali, Kosmaju, Fruškoj gori ili Zlatiboru postala je nezaobilazna tema.
U cilju popularizacije boravka u prirodi i promocije arhitekture kuća za odmor, naš portal započeo je sa novim 3×3 serijalom intervjua, pod nazivom „Kad bi arhitekta bio klijent„. U prvom grupnom intervjuu, našim poznatim arhitektama Predragu Milutinoviću (MAPA), Jovanu Mitroviću i Goranu Vojvodiću (Biro VIA) postavili smo tri ista pitanja – a odgovori se veoma razlikuju.INTERVJU NA https://www.gradnja.rs/kad-bi-arhitekta-bio-klijent-gde-i-kakvu-kucu-bi-sagradili-milutinovic-mitrovic-i-vojvodic-za-sebe
Collective Housing as New Identity in Rural Areas
Get PDFChanges in the social and cultural pattern have led to some changes in the forms of rural housing.
Especially in the post-war period, more precisely 70’s and 80’s of the twentieth century, which represents
the research timeframe. One of the main reasons for this is certainly the process of postwar
intensive industrialization, while the other lies in the need to improve the basic amenities and
services of the settlement. The paper describes the collective housing in rural areas built in Serbia
as a former republic of socialist Yugoslavia. Collective housing in the countryside appears to be a
real need for working class accommodation employed in industrial plants as well as housing for
government officials and workers of public institutions (post office, police, schools, etc.). The architecture
of these buildings, on the other hand, did not possess the features of regional and traditional
architectural values. It belonged to a different practice embodied in the values of socialist ideology.
It should also be added that the construction of such buildings was not characteristic for all forms
of rural settlements. These were predominantly rural settlements of higher category which had well
established centers and other elements of urban structure as well as solid demographic potential.
In this sense, the research seeks to point out some relevant specifics of such construction on the
one hand, and on the other to point out some of the possibilities for future spatial and functional
organization of rural settlements
System Architect : Digital Literacy and Construction of the Environment for Research Operations [apstrakt]
No full textThe emergence and the role of the software studies have been analysed and questioned on many levels. Scholars such as Anette Vee, Mario Carpo, Rob Kitchin and Martin Dodge investigated the subject in their particular spheres of competence: Vee considering the general pedagogic problems of programming and coding literacy and issues of digital literacy in general within the field of digital culture; Carpo concerning software application in architectural design in line with the implementation of knowledge about the digital tools with their critical assessment following the first and the second digital turns; Kitchin and Dodge (Ash, Kitchin and Leszczynski further) by focusing on the integration of the space and the code (the embeddedness of space with ubiquitous and pervasive computing) as a symptom of the digital turn in geography, which in line with Antoin Picon’s smartcities posited the grounds for most of the current decisions about the courses that space monitoring, digital spatial conversion, augmentation and extension are going to take in the upcoming years. Following such state of affairs, Allesandro Bava recently proposed a summary for the third digital turn announcing another important paradigmatic shift. Reflecting upon the last three decades of digitality, digital literacy and intelligence in architecture, the whole profession and architectural discipline have been challenged to evaluate their current status in this regard. Mentioned studies cover each aspect of everyday life – space, learning, economy, ethics, politics, governance and administration, culture, communication, health and questions of our changed psychological profiles and behaviours. The primacy, however, will be given to digitally intelligent ways of engaging with different forms of systems including their digital interpretation, transpositions and coding, construction and design as related to architectural learning and operation in some of the practical situations. The proposed case-studies investigate 'digital learning system prototyping' as a specific methodology of data management, analysis, evaluation, critical assessment, memory and retrieval, as well as fully operational and interactive technical solutions for digital environment. On the other hand, the case studies based on the real, object-like architectural experiments and didactics —architectural prototypes—are taken as comparative and control group to these first, more abstract categories, all together based on complex systemic approaches to learning, training and
application related to different real problems. Apart and in line with the broader concept and performances of system architects, the chosen narrowing will illuminate the line of systemic learning as a self-enhancing process as well as competent acquisition and authorisation of the know-hows in the digital and the real spaces alike. The systemic information-architectures and architecture-objects thereby constructed will be brought in relation to Gordon Pask’s notions on 'system architects', Cedric Price’s 'learning and conversing mechanisms' and Negroponte’s 'architecture machine' (the intelligence-as-environment that we will eventually all inhabit) as predecessors of today’s machine learning platforms and data-engines in the form of space/architecture.Nasl. str. prištampanog teksta: Learning architecture : book of abstract