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The Use of Citronella Essential Oil (Cymbopogon nardus) to Treat ORF Disease in Local Sheep
Full text linkORF disease is a contagious skin infection in sheep caused by a virus of the Parapoxvirus genus. The resulting scabby lesions can lead to decreased productivity and secondary infections. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of citronella (Cymbopogon nardus) essential oil in accelerating the healing of ORF wounds. A total of 24 local sheep infected with ORF were divided into three groups: Group I (1% concentration), Group II (5%), and Group III (10%). The treatment solution was applied topically every two days over a 14-day period. The results showed that Group III had the fastest healing time. Citronella essential oil at 10% concentration was proven effective as a natural treatment for ORF and holds potential for further development in veterinary applications for sheep farmers
Implementation of Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) Extract Nanoemulsion on Production Performance and Income Over Feed Cost in Broiler Chickens
No full textThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of temulawak extract nanoemulsion (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) supplementation in drinking water on the production performance and Income Over Feed Cost (IOFC) of broiler chickens. The study utilized 100 broiler chickens of the Loghman MB 202 Platinum strain, which were randomly assigned into four treatments: P0 (control), P1 (4 mg/kg body weight), P2 (6 mg/kg body weight), and P3 (8 mg/kg body weight), with five replications per treatment. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Duncan’s multiple range test. The results showed that the P2 treatment (6 mg/kg) produced the best performance, with a final body weight of 1,677 g/bird, feed intake of 202.83 g/bird, and the lowest feed conversion ratio of 1.34. The highest IOFC was also observed in P2, amounting to Rp11,367/bird. In conclusion, supplementation of temulawak extract nanoemulsion at a dose of 6 mg/kg body weight effectively improved production performance and IOFC in broiler chickens and is recommended for implementation
Synergistic Effects of Water Hyacinth Compost on Vegetative Development of Forage Corn in Degraded Soils
Full text linkPost-mining lands in Indonesia are characterized by severely degraded soils with low fertility, high acidity, and poor water retention, posing major challenges for agricultural rehabilitation. This study investigates the effect of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) compost at varying dosages (0%, 25%, and 50%) on early vegetative growth parameters of forage maize over a 30-day period. A randomized complete block design was used with six replications per treatment. Key growth indicators—plant height, stem diameter, and their respective growth rates—were measured and statistically analyzed. Results showed that the 50% compost treatment significantly increased plant height (51.87 cm) and height growth rate (1.73 cm/day) compared to lower dosages. Stem diameter parameters, while numerically improved, did not yield statistically significant differences. The improved growth is attributed to enhanced nutrient availability, microbial activity, and water retention due to compost application. These findings confirm that compost from invasive biomass can effectively improve degraded soils and initiate early crop development. The study contributes to sustainable land reclamation strategies and emphasizes that there must be long-term assessments of compost
ANALISIS PRODUKTIVITAS AYAM JANTAN LAYER HASIL SUBTITUSI TEPUNG MAGGOT DAN JAGUNG : ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTIVITY OF CHICKENS MALE LAYER RESULTING FROM SUBSTITUTION OF MAGGOT FLOUR AND CORN
No full textThe purpose of this study was to analyze the productivity of layer roosters related to feed consumption, body weight gain (PBB), feed conversion ratio (FCR), carcass weight and income over feed cost (IOFC). The materials used in this study were finisher phase layer roosters (aged 22 days to 60 days). The method used was experimental method using Randomized Block Design ( RBD ) with 4 treatments and 4 groups, each group consisted of 9 chickens and the total sample used was 144 finisher phase layer roosters (22 days old). The treatments given were P1 = 100% commercial feed, P2 = 80% commercial feed plus 20% BSF (Black Soldier Fly) maggot flour and corn, P3 = 70% commercial feed plus 30% BSF (Black Soldier Fly) maggot flour and corn, P4 = 60% commercial feed plus 40% BSF (Black Soldier Fly) maggot flour and corn. The results showed that the use of maggot BSF (Black Soldier Fly) flour substitution feed and corn had a very significant effect (P<0.01) on feed consumption and income over feed cost (IOFC), but did not show a significant effect (P>0.05) on body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and carcass weight. The conclusion of this research is that substitution feed meal maggot BSF (Black Soldier Fly) and corn can increase the productivity of layer roosters seen from the amount of feed consumption decreased by 6.6% to 8.4% followed by an increase in income over feed cost by 19.11% to 34.28%. The suggestion of this research is the use of maggot BSF (Black Soldier Fly) and corn substitution feed can be used up to 40% with 60% commercial feedTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis produktivitas ayam jantan layer berkaitan dengan konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan (PBB), feed convertion ratio (FCR), bobot karkas dan income over feed cost (IOFC). Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah ayam jantan layer fase finisher (umur 22 hari sampai 60 hari). Metode yang digunakan adalah metode percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 4 kelompok, tiap kelompok terdiri dari 9 ekor ayam dan total sampel yang digunakan 144 ekor ayam jantan layer fase finisher (umur 22 hari). Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah P1 = 100% Pakan komersial, P2 = 80% Pakan komersial ditambah 20% tepung maggot BSF (Black Soldier Fly) dan jagung, P3 = 70% Pakan komersial ditambah 30% tepung maggot BSF (Black Soldier Fly) dan jagung, P4 = 60% Pakan komersial ditambah 40% tepung maggot BSF (Black Soldier Fly) dan jagung. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penggunaan pakan subtitusi tepung maggot BSF (Black Soldier Fly) dan jagung berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap konsumsi pakan dan income over feed cost (IOFC), tetapi tidak menunjukan pengaruh nyata (P>0,05) pada pertambahan bobot badan, feed convertion ratio, dan bobot karkas. Kesimpulan penelitian ini bahwa Pakan subtitusi tepung maggot BSF (Black Soldier Fly) dan jagung mampu meningkatkan produktivitas ayam jantan layer dilihat dari jumlah konsumsi pakan menurun sebesar 6,6% sampai dengan 8,4% diikuti dengan peningkatkan income over feed cost sebesar 19,11% sampai dengan 34,28%. Saran dari penelitian ini penggunaan pakan subtitusi maggot BSF (Black Soldier Fly) dan jagung dapat digunakan sampai kadar 40% dengan 60% pakan komersial
Evaluation Of The Performance Of Selfmix Feed-Based Layer Production Using And Not Using Feed Additive In Ponggok Village, Ponggok District, Blitar Regency
Full text linkThis research was conducted in Ponggok Village, Ponggok District, Blitar Regency. The purpose of this study is to determine feed consumption, egg production, and physical quality of eggs based on self-mixed feed, using and not using additive feed. The data collection technique uses a qualitative approach with observation, interview, and documentation methods. The data analysis technique uses a descriptive analysis method. The study results show that the average age of farmers is 45-60 years old. The average level of elementary education. The average chicken strain used by farmers is the malindo strain with an average population of 3000-6000 heads. Production appearance includes feed consumption, hen day production (HDP), egg weight, shell color, shell texture in chickens aged 24, 25, and 26 weeks. The average level of feed consumption without the addition of feed additives was 120.6 grams, while feed consumption with feed additive added was 120 grams. The average HDP without the addition of feed additives to feed is 86 %, while HDP with the addition of feed additive to feed is 90.6%. The average weight of eggs without the addition of feed additives in feed was 55.8 grams (medium level), while the weight of eggs with the addition of feed additives in feed was 62.72 grams (extra level). The average color of egg shells without the addition of feed additives to feed is at level 7 (Mahogany), while the color of egg shells with the addition of feed additives to feed is at level 9 (Camel). The average texture of egg shells without the addition of feed additives to feed is at level 3 (slightly coarse), while the texture of shells with the addition of feed additives to feed is at level 1 (smooth)
Effect of Spirulina (Sprirulina platensis) on Internal Quality of Eggs in Laying Hens
Full text linkThe research aims to determine the effect of adding Spirulina (Spirulina platensis) on egg yolk index, albumin index, egg yolk colour score, and haugh unit. The research were used 150 laying hens aged 89 weeks strain Hyline Brown were used in this study reared in 5 treatment, such as (P0) using 0% of Spirulina platensis, (T1) using 0,25% Spirulina platensis, (T2) using 0,50% Spirulina platensis, (T3) using 0,75% Spirulina platensis, and (T4) using 1,00% Spirulina platensis. In this study, Completely Randomized Design (CDR) were used for research method with five level of treatments and five replications. Each replicant used six laying hens. The observed variables were egg yolk index, albumin index, egg yolk colour score, and haugh unit value. If there were significantly different results, it will be continued with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The final result showed that Spirulina (Spirulina platensis) addition to layers feed didn’t gave a significant effect (P>0.05) on egg yolk index, albumen index, and haugh unit value, but had a highly significant effect (P<0.01) on egg yolk colour score. The results of DMRT showed that the egg yolk colour at T4 replication was significantly higher than T0, T1, T2, and T3. The results of this study concluded that Spirulina (Spirulina platensis) with 1% level, can be applied to layers feed without having any negative effect on other internal egg quality
Inovasi Teknologi Pupuk Organik Cair Dari Limbah Pada Berbagai Varietas Rumput Gajah: Studi Kandungan Nutrisi Di Lahan Eks-Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit : English
No full textThis study aims to evaluate the effects of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) derived from waste materials on soil quality and the nutritional content of Napier grass grown on former oil palm plantation land. The research is motivated by the need for sustainable and environmentally friendly fertilization alternatives to improve degraded soil fertility and enhance forage quality for livestock. The methodology included chemical analysis of soil, assessment of LOF quality based on the Ministry of Agriculture standards, and evaluation of nutritional parameters in three Napier grass varieties (Bio Vit, Bio Nutrient, and Bio Grass) under four treatment levels of LOF (P0–P3). Parameters measured comprised soil and LOF pH, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) content, as well as crude protein, crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) levels in the grasses. The results indicated that the study site soil was acidic (pH 4.5) with low to very low N, P, and K levels. The applied LOF had a pH of 5 and met the required standards for N and K content but failed to meet the minimum requirement for P. Application of LOF significantly increased crude protein and reduced crude fiber, NDF, and ADF content in Napier grass, with the Bio Vit variety showing the most favorable response. Bio Nutrient exhibited stable improvement trends, while Bio Grass showed more variable outcomes, particularly in ADF levels. In conclusion, LOF application can enhance soil fertility and forage quality, particularly in marginal soils. The Bio Vit variety is recommended for its high responsiveness to LOF in improving livestock feed value.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh penggunaan pupuk organik cair (POC) berbahan limbah terhadap kualitas tanah dan kandungan nutrisi pada tanaman rumput gajah di lahan bekas perkebunan kelapa sawit. Latar belakang penelitian ini didasari oleh kebutuhan akan alternatif pemupukan yang berkelanjutan dan ramah lingkungan untuk meningkatkan kesuburan tanah yang terdegradasi serta kualitas hijauan pakan ternak. Metode yang digunakan meliputi analisis kimia tanah, evaluasi kualitas pupuk POC berdasarkan standar Kementerian Pertanian, serta pengamatan kandungan nutrisi pada tiga varietas rumput gajah (Bio Vit, Bio Nutrient, dan Bio Grass) dengan empat tingkat perlakuan pupuk (P0–P3). Parameter yang diukur meliputi pH, kandungan nitrogen (N), fosfor (P), dan kalium (K) pada tanah dan POC, serta kandungan protein kasar, serat kasar, NDF, dan ADF pada rumput. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanah pada lokasi penelitian tergolong masam (pH 4,5) dengan kandungan N, P, dan K yang rendah hingga sangat rendah. POC yang digunakan memiliki pH 5 serta memenuhi standar untuk kandungan N dan K, tetapi tidak untuk P. Aplikasi POC secara signifikan meningkatkan kadar protein kasar dan menurunkan kadar serat kasar, NDF, dan ADF pada rumput gajah, terutama pada varietas Bio Vit. Bio Nutrient menunjukkan respons stabil terhadap POC, sedangkan Bio Grass memberikan hasil yang bervariasi, khususnya pada parameter ADF. Kesimpulannya, penggunaan POC dapat memperbaiki kesuburan tanah dan meningkatkan kualitas nutrisi hijauan, terutama pada tanah marginal bekas perkebunan. Varietas Bio Vit direkomendasikan sebagai varietas paling responsif terhadap aplikasi POC dalam peningkatan mutu pakan ternak
Optimizing Laying Hen Productivity and Egg Quality through Combination of Inorganic and Organic Trace Minerals Supplementation
Full text linkThis research investigates the effects of combining inorganic trace minerals (ITMs) and organic trace minerals (OTMSs) on the performance and egg quality of laying hens. The study employed a completely randomized design (CRD), assigning 60 laying hens to three treatment groups, each consisting of 10 replications of two hens. The treatment groups were as follows: T0 = commercial feed (control), T1 = commercial feed + 500 grams/ton ITMSfeed, and T2 = commercial feed + 500 grams/ton ITMSfeed + 500 grams/ton OTMSS feed. The results revealed that the treatments did not significantly affect performance (P > 0.05). However, eggshell weight was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the T1 and T2 groups compared to the T0 group. Eggshell thickness was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the T2 group compared to the T0 and T1 groups. In conclusion, the addition of a combination of inorganic trace minerals (ITMs) and organic trace minerals (OTMs) to the feed can significantly improve eggshell weight and thickness but does not have a significant effect on the overall performance of laying hens
Determinasi Kualitas Fisik dan Kimia dedak Padi di Kota dan Kabupaten Malang Jawa Timur
No full textRice bran is a by-product of milling grain into rice. Rice bran is an energy source feed ingredient that is used in both poultry and ruminant feed. The availability of rice bran in Indonesia is very abundant, but the quality varies greatly and is prone to counterfeiting. Chemical testing of rice bran quality is less economical for farmers to apply. One simple quality test to estimate the chemical quality of rice bran in the field is to use physical properties (bulk density, tapped density, true density, angel of repose). This research aims to evaluate the physical and chemical quality of rice bran in Malang City and Regency, East Java, and to create a chemical quality estimation model in the form of crude protein and crude fiber of rice bran through regression analysis and correlation of physical test results. The research results show that bulk density, tapped density, true density, and angle of repose in Malang City and Regency are very diverse. The quality of rice bran in Malang City and Regency, East Java varies greatly. Eleven sub-districts do not have quality rice bran. The physical properties of rice bran in the form of bulk density, tapped density, true density, and angel of repose are highest in Klojen District and the lowest in Pakis District. The highest crude protein content in rice bran is in Klojen District, whereas the lowest crude protein content in rice bran is in Pakis District. The correlation between crude protein and crude fiber on bulk density, tapped density, true density, and angle of repose is very close.Dedak padi merupakan by product penggilingan gabah menjadi beras. Dedak padi adalah salah satu bahan pakan sumber energi yang digunakan baik dalam pakan ternak unggas maupun ruminansia. Ketersediaan dedak padi di Indonesia sangat melimpah, namun kualitasnya sangat beragam dan rawan adanya pemalsuan. Pengujian kualitas dedak padi secara kimia kurang ekonomis untuk diaplikasikan oleh peternak. Salah satu uji kualitas sederhana untuk menduga kualitas kimia dedak padi di lapang adalah menggunakan sifat fisik (bulk density, tapped density, true density, angel of repose). Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengevaluasi kualitas fisik dan kimia dedak padi di Kota dan Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur serta membuat model pendugaan kualitas kimia berupa protein kasar dan serat kasar dedak padi melalui analisis regresi dan korelasi hasil uji fisiknya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bulk density, tapped density, true density, angel of repose di Kota dan Kabupaten Malang sangat beragam. Kualitas dedak padi di Kota dan Kabupaten Malang Jawa Timur sangat beragam. Sebelas kecamatan tidak ada yang memiliki kualitas dedak padi mutu I. Sifat fisik dedak padi berupa bulk density, tapped density, true density, angel of repose tertinggi berada di Kecamatan Klojen dan terendah adalah Kecamatan Pakis. Kadar protein kasar dedak padi tertinggi yaitu Kecamatan Klojen, sebaliknya kadar protein kasar dedak padi terendah yaitu Kecamatan Pakis. Korelasi antara protein kasar maupun serat kasar terhadap bulk density, tapped density, true density, angel of repose adalah sangat erat. Kata Kunci: Dedak Padi, Sifat Fisik, Protein Kasar, Serat Kasar, Malan
Effect of Probiotics on the Length and Weight of Broilers Small Intestine
Full text linkThe increasing need for chicken meat consumption every year makes farmers have to optimize the target of broiler production performance. One solution to maximize production targets is to provide probiotics. Probiotics are live microorganisms that function to increase the effectiveness of the gastrointestinal tract. The media used in making probiotics is prebiotics in the form of milk powder waste with kefir grain starter. In probiotic solutions there are several types of bacteria such as Lactobacillus, Bacillus sp. The purpose of this study was to increase the intestinal length of broiler chickens by probiotic supplementation in finisher phase broiler chickens. The research employed a Group Randomized Design (RAK) comprising 4 treatments and 5 repeats, namely P0 (Without probiotics), P1 (3% probiotics), P2 (5% probiotics) and P3 (7%) implementation of probiotics in broiler chicken drinking water given every afternoon to morning, using One Way ANOVA statistical test parameters with Duncan follow-up tests. Based on the results of P0, P1, P2 and P3 studies that have been carried out, the best probiotic dose research results were obtained at P3 (7% probiotics) with duodenal length worth 50.4 cm, jejenum 86.2 cm and ileum worth 52 cm. The weight of duodenum is worth 29.7 grams, jejenum is worth 30.4 grams and ileum is 30.1 grams