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Petroglyphis of the Ikh Oigor
No full textIt is presented about the newly discovered rock paintings of Ikh Oigor in the territory of the 1st bagh of Ulaankhus Sum, Bayan-Olgii province in this article. The rock paintings of Ikh Oigor are a historical site which is considered to have high importance in scientific research despite their small amount. It is estimated that there are about 300 images in total; approximately 150 images in the site and more than 150 images above the monument. The figures depicted here are images of argali, cattle, deer, ibex, man, shaman in armor, and most of them are related to early bronze or medieval history. The images of armored shamans depicted in large numbers in the rock paintings of Ikh Oigor are considered to be very valuable monuments to study the history of the Early Bronze Age. Therefore, we are introducing the rock paintings of this monument into academic circulation by representing them as shamans in armor. Ikh Oigor’s rock paintings were carved into the rocks against the sunshine and along the river. They have been damaged during the historical long period besides being affected by human’s wrong activities. It is urgent to protect the site and prevent future damages. People keep writing their names on it. This article is the first step in the preservation and protection of the rock paintings of Ikh Oigor.
Их Ойгорын хадны зураг
Товчлол. Тус өгүүлэлд Баян-Өлгий аймгийн Улаанхус сумын 1 дүгээр багийн нутаг дэвсгэрээс шинээр илэрсэн Их Ойгор хэмээх газрын хадны зургийн талаар өгүүлэх болно. Их Ойгорын хадны зураг нь хэдийгээр цөөн тооны боловч эрдэм шинжилгээ, судалгааны өндөр ач холбогдолтой дурсгал юм. Энд нийт 300 орчим зураг дүрс байна гэж тооцоолж байна. Дурсгалт газарт дүрслэгдсэн дүрүүд аргаль, үхэр, буга согоо, янгир, хүн, хуягт бөө, тодорхойгүй дүрслэл зэрэг бөгөөд ихэнх нь түрүү хүрлийн буюу хэмцэгийн түүхэнд холбогдож байна. Их Ойгорын хадны зурагт нэг дор олноороо зурагдсан хуягт бөө нарын дүрслэл түрүү хүрлийн үеийн түүхийг тодруулахад маш их үнэ цэнэтэй дурсгал гэж үздэг. Тиймээс бид энэхүү дурсгалт газрын хадны зургийг хуягт бөө нараар төлөөлүүлэн эрдэм шинжилгээний эргэлтэнд оруулж байна. Их Ойгорын хадны зургийг наран ээвэр, голд шахсан налуувтар ханан хаданд сийлсэн ба түүхийн урт хугацаанд холторч элэгдснээс гадна хүний буруутай үйл ажиллагаанд ихээр өртжээ. Цаашид нэн яаралтай хамгаалах шаардлагатай байна. Хүмүүс дээрээс нь нэр усаа ихээр бичиж гэмтээсэн нь илт харагдаж байна. Энэхүү өгүүлэл нь Их Ойгорын хадны зургийг олон нийтэд сурталчлан таниулахаас гадна, хадгалалт хамгаалалтанд авах эхний алхмыг бүрдүүлж байна.
Түлхүүр үг. Хэмцэг, Их Ойгор , Их Ойгорын хадны зураг, түрүү хүрлийн үе, хуягт бөө, ороомог, үхэр, нум, толгой, эвэр шүтлэ
The Evaluation of the Glucose-Lowering Effect of Bloodletting Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Get PDFObjective: This study uses a quantitative method to evaluate bloodletting therapy’s impact on lowering blood glucose levels and improving metabolic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Method: This randomized, controlled clinical trial included 110 patients diagnosed with T2DM who met the study’s inclusion criteria. Participants were randomly assigned to a control group (standard medication) and an experimental group (standard medication plus bloodletting therapy). Both groups received medicine according to the Mongolian Clinical Practice Guidelines for T2DM treatment. The experimental group additionally underwent bloodletting therapy on Day 6 of the study, following a 5-day preparation period during which they consumed 2.0 grams of a “3-seed decoction” (twice daily). The bloodletting procedure involves drawing blood from the posterior antebrachial vein (100-150 mL). The study evaluated primary outcomes, including fasting blood glucose and HbA1c levels, and secondary outcomes, such as insulin levels, C-peptide concentrations, and lipid profiles (total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and HDL) at baseline, Day 30, and Day 60. Results: The experimental group demonstrated significant improvements in metabolic parameters. BMI levels decreased from 30.45±4.48 at baseline to 29.09±3.60 at Day 60 (P < 0.05), and HbA1c decreased from 9.2 ± 2.46% to 8.49 ± 1.85% (P< 0.05). Furthermore, significant reductions were observed in insulin levels (from 43.38 ± 14.12 to 25.61 ± 4.8 pmol/L; P= 0.0001) and C-peptide levels (from 4.9 to 4.2 ng/mL; P= 0.0004). The lipid profile also showed improvements, with a reduction in LDL cholesterol and triglycerides compared to the control group, although these changes were not statistically significant at Day 60. Conclusion: Integrating bloodletting therapy into the treatment regimen for T2DM provides additional benefits, including significant reductions in blood glucose, HbA1c, insulin, and C-peptide levels. Bloodletting therapy, when used in combination with standard pharmacotherapy, could offer a cost-effective and clinically beneficial treatment option for managing type 2 diabetes.
The Chinese Scholarship on Mongolia and Its Development Trend
Get PDFSince the normalization of the relationship between China and Mongolia in the early 1990s, the Chinese academia has conducted a multi-angle research on Mongolia’s political and economic transformation, foreign policy, and social culture. Especially on the contents of the Belt and Road, since the President of China proposed the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor in 2014, Chinese universities and research institutions have successively established the Mongolia Research Centers and related research institutions, dedicated to research on the corridor construction, Sino-Mongolian strategic development, humanities exchange, and other related researches. This paper will introduce China’s Mongolia Research Centers and other related research institutions and analyze the Chinese scholarship on Mongolia and its development trend
Elevating Mongolia-Türkiye Relations to a Strategic Partnership: Insights from Political Cooperation
Get PDFThis study explores the potential for advancing Mongolia-Türkiye relations to the level of "Strategic Partnership" through a detailed examination of political interactions. Since the establishment of diplomatic ties in 1969, the relationship between the two countries has been characterized by high-level political visits, economic cooperation, and cultural exchanges. Despite these positive developments, there remains a significant gap in research concerning the mechanisms and strategies necessary to elevate the partnership to a fully-fledged strategic level.
The article examines the key drivers of this evolving relationship, including diplomatic missions, mutual cultural interests, with a particular focus on high-level visits and their impact on the bilateral relationship. Through a review of historical milestones, and diplomatic engagements, this study offers insights into the current state of the partnership, challenges such as trade imbalances and economic dependence, and opportunities for future cooperation.
Ultimately, the study concludes that the Mongolia-Türkiye relationship holds significant potential for advancement to a Strategic Partnership. By building on past achievements and leveraging shared cultural ties, trade, and tourism, the relationship could be strengthened, offering long-term mutual benefits for both nations
Mongolia’s Nuclear-Weapon-Free Status: Unique Approach to Neutrality
Get PDFThroughout the modern history of Mongolia, which dates from 1911s, Mongolia sought to defend its independence and sovereignty. After declaring its independence in 1921, Mongolia did not want to be involved in any conflict and tried to be as neutral as possible. However, due to unfavorable international conditions and rivalry among big powers, Mongolia had fallen under the Soviet protectorate from 1921 to 1990s. Having felt immense pressure from both neighbors, neutrality is not new for Mongolia. Due to its unique geographic location, Mongolia has been within the interests of two neighbors which did not allow it to be neutral. Only since the 1990s, Mongolia conducted its own foreign policy. The neutrality was in focus again. Mongolia made many efforts towards neutrality, which adds broader meaning to neutrality.
In order to be secure Mongolia has been trying many options towards security assurance through domestic laws, bilateral international agreements and UN resolutions.
Mongolia’s nuclear neutrality is closely related to its unique location. There is no other country than Mongolia, which is sandwiched between two nuclear weapon powers, the permanent members of the UN Security Council.
This article suggests that Mongolia’s nuclear-weapon-free status can be recognized as one of the options of neutrality in case of nuclear threat or nuclear war
Water quality and environmental wellness of mineral springs in the Uvs province based on diatom studies
Get PDFFifty-eight diatom species belonging to 34 genera, 20 families, 11 orders, and one class are identified in the diatom survey of mineral springs near Uvs and Khyargas lakes in northwest Mongolia. The water quality of the mineral springs of Uvs Lake is fresh, and the mineral spring belonging to Khyargas Lake is fresh to brackish based on the diatom community. The environmental well-being of those springs is 78.5-83.5. Conservation management has to be based on aquatic diversity studies to restore these springs to nature. Conservation management of springs based on algae communities is an issue that is being raised for the first time in Mongolia
Using activated and modified adsorbent surfaces from banana peels to remove the green Janus dye: : A Kinetic, Isothermal, and Thermodynamic Study
Get PDFIn order for the process of removing pollutants, including dyes, from the aquatic environment to be effective, plant wastes such as banana peels were used as adsorbent surfaces by thermally activating them (ABP) and modifying them with iron oxide nanoparticles (MABP), which were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. They were applied in the field of Janus green (JG) dye adsorption for the batch system and studied the effect of several factors (adsorbent weight, contact time, initial concentration, and temperature). Their data were analyzed kinetically using first- and second-order kinetic models and they were found to follow the second order. Their data were also analyzed through the equilibrium isotherms (Freundlich and Langmuir), and it was found to follow the Freundlich isotherm model. The thermodynamic functions for the dye adsorption process on both surfaces were calculated, through these functions, it was found that the dye adsorption process is spontaneous, easy, regular, and exothermic
Genetic diversity study of the Mongolian horse breeds and lines: Results based on Microsatellite marker and Coat color genes polymorphism
No full textThe genetic diversity of Mongolian native horse breeds Mongol, Galshar, Tes, and the lines Darkhad and Undurshil was studied using coat color gene and microsatellite marker polymorphism analyses. A total of 2,000 horses were characterized based on predominant coat color phenotypes and associated genes. Among six coat color genes, the highest average heterozygosity was observed in the Undurshil line, while the Tes breed exhibited the lowest. Microsatellite analysis of 17 markers in 259 horses identified 225 alleles, including 80 private alleles. ASB17 was the most polymorphic marker, whereas HTG4 was the least.
The Galshar breed displayed the highest genetic diversity, with Na (10.4), Ne (0.795), No (0.726), and PIC (0.802) parameters, while the Darkhad line showed the lowest values. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and cluster analysis revealed distinct genetic structures among the populations. The Darkhad line was notably different from other breeds, while the Galshar breed shared genetic similarities with the Undurshil line, and the Mongol breed was genetically similar to the Tes breed. These findings provide critical insights into the genetic diversity and population structure of Mongolian native horse breeds, supporting their conservation and sustainable management
Research on Rigging Equipment for Ship Retrieval from a Lake
No full textTo protect the ecosystem of Lake Khövsgöl and eliminate hazardous waste, the Government of Mongolia undertook the recovery of the sunken Sükhbaatar ship. This study presents the engineering design, analysis, and application of rigger equipment used in the retrieval process, with a particular focus on the calculation, selection, and deployment of steel wire ropes to generate the required pulling force. The Sükhbaatar ship, constructed in the former Soviet Union in 1956, measured 43.3 meters in length, 8.4 meters in width, and 11.4 meters in height (including the antenna), with a hull height of 5.7 meters, a total weight of 309 tons, and a cargo capacity of 400 tons. After sinking in 1985, the vessel was successfully retrieved during a 37-day operation conducted from October 1 to November 7, 2021. The recovery was executed using a combination of pulling and lifting forces generated by specialized rigging systems, including winches, pulleys, and steel wire ropes, under challenging environmental and operational conditions
