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Association between prostate cancer development and TARBP1
Full text linkObjective: Prostate cancer is the most frequent cancer among elderly men worldwide and second cause of cancer-related deaths in man. Prostate cancer characterized a clinically heterogeneous and genetic alterations in cells play a pivotal role in carcinogenesis. A detailed understandings of the genetic alterations in cancer cells are important for developing new therapeutic medicine. Transactivation response RNA-binding protein1 (TARBP1) encodes a protein with RNA-binding, tRNA methyltransferase activity, and RNA interference regulation functions, but its association with prostate cancer remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate clinical significance of TARBP1 in prostate cancer. Methods: Relative messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein expression of TARBP1 in prostate cancer cell and tumor tissue was determined by qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis. LNCaP cells with lentivirus vector to silence the expression of TARBP1 were injected into nude mice. After 24 days, the mice were killed and tumor tissues were excised. The size of tumors was measured using a ruler and body weight of mice were weighed using a scale. Results: Through qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis, we validated that the expression levels of TARBP1 was decreased in TARBP1-knockdown prostate cancer cell compared with cells transfected with negative control LV-shNC RNA. The tumor growths were significant smaller in the group B (LNCaP-LV-shTARBP1) compared with group A (LNCaP-LV-shNC). Knocking down TARBP1 significantly suppressed the tumor progression of BALB/C nude xenograft. Moreover, body weight of mice in LNCaP-LV-shNC group increased significant slowly compared with LNCaP-LV-shTARBP1 group. The result of western blot analysis for TARBP1 in tumor tissues from xenograft nude mice bearing orthotopic LNCaP tumors shows that the expression of TARBP1 was also significantly decreased in the LNCaP-LV-shTARBP1 group compared with LNCaP-LV-shNC group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: We revealed that the TARBP1 highly expressed in prostate cancer and its role in promoting tumor growth. TARBP1 could serve as a potential therapeutic target for prostate cancer treatment and it is also a biomarker for tumor diagnosis and prognosis
Overview of Munkhkhairkhan culture research and recent results
Full text linkDuring the late Middle Bronze Age (ca.1500-1300) and throughout the Late Bronze Age (ca.1300-700 BCE), significant cultural and demographic developments occurred in Mongolia and its surrounding regions. The genetic and cultural impact of many early pastoral cultures, such as the Afanasievo (ca.3000–2500 BCE), the Khemceg (ca 2500–1800 BCE), and the Munkhkhairkhan (ca.1800–1600 BCE) is a key focus of archaeological research. We hypothesize that the Munkhkhairkhan culture played a crucial role in shaping ethnic and cultural processes during the Middle and Late Bronze Ages, as well as in the development of food-producing economies in the Mongolian plateau. According to our review, a total of 24 Munkhkhairkhan culture burials have been excavated across eight aimags, includingBayan-Ulgii, Uvs, Khovd, Khuvsgul, Zavkhan, Arkhangai, Uvurkhangai, and Bulgan provinces. In 2024, we excavated one burial out of four so far discovered in Uvs aimag, building upon 2007 and 2017 excavations of three such features in Khusgul aimag,. Findings from this research indicate that the Munkhkhairkhan culture was distributed over a relatively large area, but the number of sites is limited and sparsely distributed within this range. Future research will focus on conducting targeted surveys and excavations of Munkhkhairkhan cultural sites to determine their distribution range and density. This will facilitate the clarification of the cultural identity, genetic origins, cultural continuity, and socio-economic aspects of the people associated with this culture.
Мөнххайрханы соёлын судалгааны тойм ба сүүлийн үеийн үр дүн
Хураангуй: Монгол болон хил залгаа бүс нутагт хүрлийн дунд үеийн төгсгөл болон хүрлийн хожуу үед (НТӨ 1500-700) хүн ам, соёлын томоохон идэвхжилт бий болсон байдаг. Энэхүү үйл явцад зэс-чулууны үеийн Афанасьев (НТӨ 3000-2500), хүрлийн түрүү үеийн Хэмцэг (НТӨ 2500-1800), хүрлийн дунд үеийн эхэнд хамаарах Мөнххайрхан (НТӨ 1900-1600) зэрэг соёлууд хэрхэн оролцсон хийгээд угсаа гарвал, соёлын ямар хамааралтай вэ гэдэг асуудал нарийвчлан шийдвэрлэгдээгүй байна. Энэхүү угсаа соёлын үйл явц бүрэлдэх хийгээд, үйлдвэрлэх аж ахуйн үүсэл хөгжилд Мөнххайрханы соёл нэн чухал үүрэгтэй оролцсон байх магадлалтай. Тиймээс тус соёлын судалгаанд анхаарал хандуулж өдгөө хүртэл хийгдээд буй судалгааны үр дүнг тус өгүүллээр нэгтгэн авч үзэв. Бид 2024 онд Увс аймгийн нутгаас 4 булш илрүүлэн олж, 1 булш малтан судалсан бол Хөвсгөл аймгийн нутагт 2007 онд 1, 2017 онд 2 булш тус бүр малтан судалж энэхүү соёлын судалгаанд зохих хувь нэмэр оруулжээ. Нийт тоон мэдээллийг нэгтгэн үзвэл одоогоор Монгол улсын хэмжээнд Баян-Өлгий, Увс, Ховд, Завхан, Хөвсгөл, Булган, Архангай, Өвөрхангай гэсэн 8 аймгийн нутагт Мөнххайрханы соёлын нийт 24 булш малтан судалсан дүн гарах бөгөөд энэ нь тархцын хүрээг харьцангуй том орон зайд тэлж буй ч дурсгалын тоо цөөн, маш сийрэг тархацтай болохыг харуулна. Тиймээс бидний цаашдын судалгааны зорилго нь Мөнххайрханы соёлын дурсгал руу чиглэсэн хайгуул, малтлага судалгааг дагнан гүйцэтгэж, соёлын тархац хүрээ, нягтралыг тодорхойлох улмаар тухайн соёлын эздийн мэдээлэл, угсаа гарвал, соёлын залгамж холбоо, аж ахуй, нийгэм соёлын асуудлыг тусгайлан авч үзэхэд чиглэгдэнэ.
Түлхүүр үгс, Хүрлийн үе, Мөнххайрханы соёл, булш оршуулга, хүрэл хутга, ясан халбаг
Costume of a noble woman from the 14th century burial 6 Nogoon Gozgor burial ground
No full textThis study examines the textile assemblage from Burial 6 at Nogoon Gozgor 1 (Northern Khuvsgul), comprising complete and fragmentary elements of elite Mongol women’s costume: undergarments (shirt and pants), detachable embroidered cuffs, and two nasij fabric robes (one with four-clawed dragons, the other with phoenixes and peonies featuring distinctive coupon stripes along the shoulders). The boqtaq headdress complex includes: silk coverings for the birch-bark frame, a textile base for the frame, three caps (a basic winged type plus two over-caps, one with fur lining), and three rear lappet—the first archaeological specimens of this element. The combination of four-clawed dragon motifs and the boqtaq’s height confirms her highest-ranking non-imperial status, reflecting strict adherence to Yuan sumptuary codes. of exceptional significance are the two whole-woven collars: one with a miscellaneous treasure patterns and another with a zigzag motif, both exemplifying rare Yuan-era workshop textiles documented in the Yongle Dadian. This complete ensemble provides insight into the attire of a married noblewoman, whose age was 16-18 years. A radiocarbon date was obtained from the woman’s tooth. It corresponds to the 14th century.
Ногоон Гозгор дурсгалын 6-р булшнаас илэрсэн 14-р зууны язгууртан эмэгтэйн хувцас
Хураангуй. Энэхүү өгүүлэл нь Ногоон Гозгор 1 (Хөвсгөлийн хойд хэсэг) эртний оршуулгын газрын 6-р булшнаас илэрсэн нэхмэл эдлэлийн иж бүрдэл буюу монгол язгууртан эмэгтэйн хувцасны бүрэн болон хэсэгчилсэн элементүүд болох дотуур хувцас (цамц, өмд), салгадаг хатгамал ханцуйвч, хоёр даавуун (лампас) дээл (нэг нь дөрвөн хумстай луутай, нөгөө нь галт шувууны дүрслэлтэй) зэрэг нэхмэл эдлэлийн судалгаанд зориулагдав. Богтаг малгайн иж бүрдэлд: үйсэн хатуулгын торгон бүрээс, хатуулгад зориулсан нэхмэл даавуу болон гурван ширхэг толгойн өмсгөл (далавч хэлбэрийн шанаавч, түүнээс гадна хоёр ширхэг толгойн өмсгөл, тэдгээрийн нэг нь үслэг доторлогоотой), гурван ширхэг далавч маягийн шилэвч зэрэг багтана. Далавч хэлбэрийн шилэвч нь толгойн өмсгөлийн энэ төрлийн элементийн археологийн анхны олдворууд болж байна. Дөрвөн хумстай лууны дүрслэл болон өндөр оройтой богтгийн хэлбэр нь эзнийхээ язгууртан зэрэглэлийг гэрчилж, Юань гүрний хатуу чанд дүрэм, журмыг мөрдсөн болохыг харуулна. Эдгээрээс гадна олон өнгийн хээтэй бүтэн нэхмэл даавуугаар хийсэн хоёр ширхэг зах чухал ач холбогдолтой бөгөөд нэг нь “төрөл бүрийн эрдэнэс” агуулсан хээтэй, нөгөө нь зигзаг хээтэй юм. Эдгээр нь Юнлэ-Дадяньд тэмдэглэсэн Юанийн үеийн урчуудын ховор чамин нэхмэл эдлэлийн төлөөлөл болж буйгаараа онцлогтой. Энэхүү иж бүрдэл нь 16-18 насны гэрлэсэн язгууртан эмэгтэйн хувцаслалтын талаарх ойлголтыг өгөх ба эмэгтэйн шүдний дээжийн радиокарбоны шинжилгээний үр дүнд XIV зуунд холбогдохыг тодорхойлжээ.
Түлхүүр үг. археологийн нэхмэл эдлэл, дундад зууны нүүдэлчид, богтаг, Монголын эзэнт гүрэн, Алтан ордны улс, торгон богтаг малгай, дээл
“Plus ça change, plus c\u27est la même chose”: vignettes from multinational archaeological research in Mongolia, 1995
No full text2025 marks the 30th anniversary of the Joint Mongolian-Russian-American Archaeological Expedition (JMRAAE). Vignettes of the historical contexts of and personalities involved in the genesis of JMRAAE in 1995 provided by one of the expedition’s three founding co-directors, explain its organization, early achievements, and historical context
Identifying the monasteries and temples with mamba dastan and treasure house, established before the 20th century in Ömnögovi aimag
Full text linkResearchers of traditional Mongolian medicine have been intensively studying the number of Mamba datsan (Medical schools) with treasure houses called Manal jas, Otoch jas, and Mamba jas that existed in Mongolia before the 20th century. In addition, research works have been underway to identify the names of the repressed lama doctors and maarambas since 1937 and to study their biographies and medical works. Within the framework of this research work, we conducted a study for the first time to identify the old Mamba datsan and monasteries with treasure houses of the Manal, Otoch, and Mamba established in Ömnögovi aimag, one of Mongolia’s 21 Aimags. In conducting this study, we first compiled a list of the number of Mamba datsan, treasure houses of the Manal, Otoch, and Mamba of the monasteries and temples established in Ömnögovi aimag. After that, the GPS navigation determines the geographical coordinates of the monasteries and temples also their location in real-time, including latitude and longitude, at the current time. Then, a 1:650000 scale map of the area was drawn and processed. Finally, the map of the monastery with the Mamba datsan, treasure houses of the Manal, Otoch, and Mamba, was taken and verified, and the date of its establishment, description, and the names, biographies, and works of some lama doctors and maarambas who lived in the monastery were clarified. Conclusion: In the territory of present-day Ömnögovi aimag, 22 old monasteries and 24 temples established since the mid 20th century were identified, and a new 1:650,000 scale map of their location was drawn, creating the opportunity to use them in future training and research. Conclusion: In the territory of present-day Ömnögovi aimag, 22 old monasteries and 24 temples established since the mid-20th century were identified, and a new 1:650,000 scale map of their location was drawn, creating the opportunity to use them in future training and research
Application of strategic stockpile for ore quality stabilization at Erdenet open pit mine
No full textOre mixing and blending are performed at the mining benches, typically involving 6-8 working benches. However, as the mine deepens, operations across multiple benches become more challenging, and declining copper grades necessitate increased processing plant capacity. Variability in total copper content in the sulfide ore can reach up to 8%, with an allowable range of 0.541% to 0.461% when the average is 0.501%, as per internal Erdenet standard STP-01352-901908085-11:2013. Maintaining this standard within a 24-hour period is difficult, complicating process control. To achieve an 85% metal recovery rate, the processing plant is adjusted to meet the standard ore quality. However, short-term fluctuations exceeding ±8% lead to decreased recovery rates and potential metal loss. Establishing tactical stockpiles close to the primary crushers or along transportation routes can mitigate these issues by stabilizing ore quality before processing. The tactical stockpile project relies on optimizing operational procedures, integrating stockpile construction using mine-sourced waste rock, preparing platforms, utilizing existing equipment capacity, enhancing signage and lighting, and creating guidelines for safe operation and grade averaging. This approach provides a rapid and effective solution to improve blending efficiency and operational stability
A benzopyran-based optical sensor for selective trace detection of Pd(II): Analytical and computational investigation
No full text3-Hydroxy-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one (HPC), a chromogenic reagent acting as an optical sensor for the metal to be determined and having a sensitive impact on the spectrophotometric Pd (II) determination in the organic phase, has been studied in the present investigation. The ideal conditions for complexation were depicted by the various statistical evidences for instance standard deviation (SD = ± 0.00184), Sandell’s sensitivity (S = 0.0055 μg cm-2), detection limit (LOD = 0.1122 μg mL-1) and regression coefficient (r = 0.9975). The attenuation coefficient of Pd (II)-HPC complex was 1.9159×104 L mol-1 cm-1 calculated at a wavelength range of 417-432 nm of the resulting stable binary yellow complex. Analytical findings support a square planar geometry of the investigated coordination complex. The theoretical studies for instance Density Functional Theory (DFT) have been conducted in order to enhance our comprehension about the complex\u27s molecular geometry and its structural attributes. DFT, has a strong correlation with the analytical findings, proving that the studied complex behaves as a strong bioactive agent. The investigated complex was indeed subjected to antimicrobial and antioxidant studies, results of which reflected that the formed complex has a strong potential to act as a strong antimicrobial and a radical scavenging agent compared to ligand alone. Along with, the formed complex has been employed on commercial samples and has come out with remarkable sensitivity, selectivity, accuracy and precision, under set conditions of the procedure
Research on rigger equipment for retrieving vehicles from lake depths
No full textThis study contributes to ongoing efforts to protect the ecosystem of Lake Khuvsgul by supporting the remediation of hazardous waste and the reduction of pollution within the lake. A key focus of the operation is the analysis and selection of rigger equipment used in the retrieval of sunken vehicles and machinery from significant depths. In 2023–2024, a total of 11 submerged vehicles and machines were successfully recovered from depths ranging from 33 to 171 meters, including a motorboat, a ZIL-130 truck with trailer, a UAZ-469, a TT-4 tracked mountain tractor, and a YAG-6 truck. The retrieval technology was implemented through four sequential stages: preliminary pulling to free the objects from sediment, deep-water lifting, transportation toward the lakeshore, and final extraction onto land. This article presents the engineering calculations, equipment selection, and practical application of rigger systems utilized at each stage, offering insights to support future environmental recovery operations in deep freshwater ecosystems
Geochemistry of mafic extrusive lavas in the Bayankhongor Ophiolite, Mongolia
No full textThis study presents new geochemical data on pillow lavas from the Bayankhongor Ophiolite in western Mongolia, revealing compositions that range from sub-alkaline to alkaline basalts. While most of these basalts are tholeiitic, some show transitional geochemical variations. Except for one sample resembling normal mid-ocean ridge basalt, all others are enriched in light rare earth elements and closely resemble enriched mid-ocean ridge basalt and ocean island basalt. The presence of high-field strength elements such as Th, Ta, Nb, Zr, Hf, and Ti indicates a mantle-derived origin. Tectonic discrimination diagrams demonstrate a transition between enriched mid-ocean ridge basalt and within-plate basalt, characteristic of mid-ocean ridges. The samples are categorized into three groups based on the LREE variation: low- normal mid-ocean ridge basalt, high- enriched mid-ocean ridge basalt, and ocean island basalt, suggesting advanced partial melting of the mantle and a mixing of mid-ocean ridge basalt with ocean island basalt. The Bayankhongor Ophiolite is widely recognized as a subduction-unrelated ophiolite and represents one of the largest Neoproterozoic oceanic rift basins in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. Consequently, subduction-unrelated tectonic models are often favored for the Bayankhongor Ophiolite, which somewhat aligns with our findings. However, recent studies highlight the importance of subduction-related models and timing. Our model aims to integrate both aspects
Expression and functional role of LncRNA GSEC in oral squamous cell carcinoma
No full textObjective: The current investigation seeks to elucidate the regulatory impact of the long non-coding RNA GSEC (lncRNA GSEC) on oncogenic mechanisms in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: The expression dynamics of GSEC were systematically mapped across in vitro systems, including healthy oral keratinocyte controls (NHOK) and their malignant counterparts (SCC-25, SCC-9, CAL-27), utilizing standardized qRT-PCR protocols. CAL-27 (highest GSEC expression) underwent siRNA-mediated knockdown. The assessment of cellular functions such as proliferation, apoptosis regulation, mobility, and invasion was conducted utilizing validated protocols: CCK-8 for cell viability assessment, flow cytometry for apoptotic cell identification, Transwell systems for measuring invasive ability, and scratch assay for migration analysis. mRNA and protein levels of proliferation/apoptosis markers (Ki67, PCNA, BCL-2, BAX, caspase-9) were analyzed by qRT-PCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence. Results: GSEC was significantly upregulated in OSCC cells vs. NHOK (p<0.05), peaking in CAL-27 (p<0.05 vs. SCC-9/SCC-25). Downregulation of GSEC inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasive capabilities of OSCC cells and promoted apoptosis with statistical significance (p<0.05). A decrease in Ki67 and PCNA expression, accompanied by an increase in BAX and caspase-9 and a decrease in BCL-2 levels, was detected at the mRNA and protein levels, with all reaching statistical significance at the p<0.05 threshold. Conclusion: GSEC overexpression promotes OSCC malignancy by driving proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis. Targeting GSEC may offer diagnostic and therapeutic potential for OSCC