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On the Ethno-Cultural Semantics of the Ancient Turkic Inscriptions of Ulaan Chuluut
No full textThe ancient Turkic inscriptions and tamgas at Ulaan Chuluut appear to date to the Ancient Turkic period, namely the 7th–8th centuries. From the ethnocultural-semantic perspective, the content of the four inscriptions mentioned shows no relation whatsoever to the Manichaean religion of the Uyghur period. Consequently, the presence of a total of 11 tamgas on these four inscriptions indicates that this rocky mountain was a special sacred site where representatives of 9 clans and tribes from the four directions gathered, performed stone-worship rituals, made offerings and sacrifices upon the rocks, and prayed for blessings and good fortune.
Улаан чулуутын эртний түрэг бичээсийн угсаатан-соёлын утга зүйн тухайд
Хураангуй. Улаан чулуутын өвөлжөөний бичээс болон тамгануудыг дахин нягтлан, шинээр хуулбар хэв, гэрэл зураг болон гар зургийг нь авч судалсан болно. Учир нь уг бичээсийн агуулгыг өмнөх судлаачид мани шашинтай шууд холбогдуулж ирсэн юм. Иймд тухайн бичээсийг газар дээр нь дахин нягтлан унших, харьцуулан судлах шаардлагатай болсон юм. Ер өрнөдийн судлаачид эртний түрэг, уйгурын үеийн хадны бараг ихэнх бичээсийг мани шашинтай холбож ирсэн уламжлалтай байдаг. Судалгааны ажлын явцад эртний түрэгийн үеийн болон уйгурын үеийн үсэг бичгийн тиг журмыг болон тамга тэмдгийг харьцуулан үзсэн бөгөөд мани шашны ул мөр гэхээр ямарваа нэгэн баримт болон үр дүр гаргах үндэслэл тун бага гэж үзнэ. Тэнгэр, Газар-дэлхийн ойлголт нь ерөөсөө нүүдэлчдийн амин гол баримтлал, тухайлбал энэхүү «Улаан чулуут» хадны бичээс болон тамганууд нь газар нутаг, хадан газартаа тайллага үйлдсэн жирийн нэгэн үйлдэл болох нь бичээсийн агуулгаас илт харагдаж байна. Улаан чулуутын өвөлжөөний эртний түрэг (руни) бичиг болон тамгад нь эртний түрэгийн үе буюу VII-VIII зууны үед холбогдоно. Тухайн газар дахь 4 хэсэг бичээсийн утга агуулга нь ч нүүдэлчдийн угсаатан-соёлын утга зүйн үүднээс ажиглаваас, уйгурын үеийн мани шашинтай огт хамааралгүй болно. Тиймээс ч, Улаан чулуутын 4 бичээст нийт -11 тамга байгаа нь тус хадтай ууланд хуран цугларсан 4 зүгийн 9 овог аймаг оролцон хадны шүтлэг хийсэн, хадандаа тайллага тахилын зан үйл үйлдсэн, хутаг өлзий хүсэж залбирсан онцгой газар нутаг болох нь тодорхой байна.
Түлхүүр үг: Эртний түрэгийн үе, Улаан чулуут, хадны бичээс, тамга, хадны шүтлэг, угсаатан-соёлын утга зүй, дахин нягтлах асууда
Assessment of the current condition of Mongolian road border ports
No full textThe formation and development of border ports is the result of the development of regional economy and world economy. The border port is the gateway of land opening and the hub node of international trade and social-cultural exchanges among the countries. Mongolia is a landlocked country, connected to neighboring countries by airports, road border ports, and railway border ports. As of 2024, Mongolia’s total foreign trade reached 27.3 billion USD. Of this total, 34.5% was conducted through the Zamyn-Uud border port, 30.4% through Gashuunsukhait, 9.5% through Sukhbaatar, and 8.9% through Shiveekhuren. The share of foreign trade conducted through other border port remained below 5%. Limited infrastructure and reliance on a single port contribute to elevated costs and delays, particularly during peak seasons. This logistical bottleneck hinders economic growth and raises consumer prices. Therefore, it is essential to identify, from an economic geographical perspective, the border ports that will play a key and beneficial role in the national, regional, and local socio-economic development in the short and medium term. This study aims to assess the current conditions of Mongolia’s road border ports and to identify those that play a key role in regional socio-economic development. Within the scope of the study, an assessment of the current conditions of 20 road border ports was conducted using the Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA) method, based on 27 criteria in 9 groups. The assessment of 20 road border ports in Mongolia revealed that the Zamyn-Uud, Altanbulag, Bulgan, Tsagaannuur, Bichigt, and Ereentsav ports received the highest scores. These ports are characterized by favorable conditions such as regional cooperation, well-established basic infrastructure, and advantageous border port classifications and operational regimes. Furthermore, based on the methodology employed in this study, it is possible to evaluate railway port and airport and it is possible to identify the border ports that require prioritized development at the national level
Comparative analysis of the efficiency of transportation corridors in Mongolia
No full textThe development of transportation corridors is especially important for landlocked countries, as it enhances their capacity to connect internal regions with seaports, markets, and production centers. Within the framework of the Regional Development Concept of Mongolia (2024-2050), vertical and horizontal transportation corridors of transport infrastructure have been identified. For these transportation corridors, it is important to establish the development priority based on a comparative analysis of the efficiency of the regional transport network, and then determine the distribution of construction and investment. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the efficiency of the above-mentioned transportation corridors and establish the priority. The Time-Cost-Distance (TCD) method was employed to evaluate each corridor. Data was collected on the current state of transport infrastructure, as well as the time and cost associated with transportation processes along each corridor. Based on the comparative analysis, the corridors were ranked into three priority groups, with Corridor 3 in the first priority, Corridors 1 and 4 in the second priority, and Corridors 2, 5, and 6 in the third priority. Corridor 3, which is included in the first priority, is the main road corridor of Mongolia. Corridors 1 and 4, which are included in the second priority, are important for the integration of Central and Eastern Asia into regional economic cooperation and demonstrate the importance of developing them first. Corridors 2, 5, and 6, which are included in the third priority, have relatively low economic efficiency compared to other corridors, so they can be developed at a later stage
Plastic waste collection route optimization: Bulgan province
No full textEfficient plastic waste collection in rural Mongolia is critical to reducing environmental pollution and improving recycling outcomes. This study optimizes plastic waste transport routes in Bulgan province using the travelling salesman problem (TSP), and vehicle routing problem (VRP) algorithms and open-source GIS tools. By analyzing population data, waste generation rates, and vehicle capacity, ten optimal routes were identified for 15-ton load serving 19 key locations. Results show large disparities in route efficiency, with urban centers generating more waste per kilometer than sparsely populated areas. Recommendations include dynamic routing, vehicle load capacity, and investing in local waste compacting equipment. The findings offer practical solutions for cost-effective, sustainable rural waste management
Adapting to the new normal: Challenges and strategies for landlocked Asian mountainous countries in the face of extreme climate events
No full textThe aim of this investigation is to assess the compounded vulnerabilities of landlocked developing countries (LLDCs) in association with global warming, due to their geographic isolation, limited infrastructure, and socio-economic fragility. Employing a literature review, policy analysis, and comparative case studies, the paper evaluates specific climate impacts and adaptation strategies of Nepal, Bhutan, and Mongolia. Key findings indicate severe hydrological fragility resulting from glacier melt and permafrost degradation, transportation disruptions affecting economic stability, and degradation of essential ecosystem services vital for rural livelihoods. Each country exhibits unique adaptive approaches; Nepal emphasizes ecosystem-based adaptation and integration of local traditional knowledge, Bhutan prioritizes risk assessment and resilient hydropower development supported by innovative financing, and Mongolia focuses on climate-smart herding practices coupled with advanced early warning systems. Conclusions highlight the urgent need for tailored international support, increased regional cooperation, and integrated climate policy frameworks. Practical recommendations include expanding remote sensing technologies for cryosphere monitoring, establishing basin-level councils for coordinated water resource management, scaling community-based adaptation programs utilizing traditional ecological knowledge, transitioning to sustainable tourism models, and advocating for LLDCs issues within international climate negotiations. Addressing these structural vulnerabilities is essential for sustainable development, resilience-building, and regional stability in mountainous LLDCs.
Assessing climate hazard risks for Mongolian herders : A county-level study in Khovd, Bayankhongor, Dundgovi provinces
No full textMongolian herders are particularly vulnerable to climate change, as their livelihoods depend heavily on livestock production. Understanding the effects of climate hazards such as drought and dzud is crucial for planning and implementing the appropriate responses and effective adaptive measures. In this research, risk is defined as the potential for adverse consequences for herders due to hazardous climatic conditions, and is explained through 4 components including climate hazard, exposure, vulnerability, and response. The purpose of this study is to assess climate hazard risks of herders at the county (soum) level and explore the varying contributions of risk components. Based on a literature review and data availability, 15 factors of risk were selected including temperature and precipitation change, drought and dzud frequency, pasture use index, livestock loss, ratio of seasonal pastureland, water availability, poverty, dependency ratio, education, bank savings, prepared hay and forage, barns, and index-based livestock insurance. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to aggregate the factors within 4 components of risk, and the composite risk index (RI) was calculated using the principal component scores at the soum level in Bayankhongor, Khovd, and Dundgovi provinces of Mongolia. The average RI was 19.2 in Bayankhongor, 14.2 in Khovd, and 17.0 in Dundgovi province. The results highlight the spatial heterogeneity of risk, emphasizing that the northern soums of Khovd and Bayankhongor, and the northeastern soums of Dundgovi are particularly susceptible to climate-related hazards. On the other hand, better hay and forage preparation in Khovd province contributed to its lower overall risk index. Enhancing long-term preparedness measures, such as hay and forage preparation and barn availability, alongside social and financial support mechanisms for vulnerable herder households is crucial for strengthening resilience
The results of a database of medieval tombs archaeological finds
No full textThe research consolidates findings from the “Database of Medieval Mongolian Burial Culture,” which was developed as part of the foundational research project “Tracing Mongolian Values, Culture, and Thought During the Mongolian Empire Period Through Documentary Evidence” at the Institute of Culture and Arts Research under the Mongolian National University of Arts and Culture. The study analyzes data from field research reports on medieval Mongolian burial monuments excavated within Mongolia, scholarly articles published in professional journals and compilations, monographs, collaborative works, and academic dissertations. Methodologically, the research employs analytical, synthesis, and comparative approaches. The geographical distribution of Mongolian burials has been categorized into eight regional zones, with an attempt to identify the distinctive characteristics of each region and to compare various aspects of Mongolian burial culture.
Дундад зууны үеийн булшны археологийн олдвороор бүрдүүлсэн мэдээллийн сангийн үр дүнгээс
Хураангуй: Энэхүү өгүүлэлд Монгол нутагт малтсан монгол булшнаас олдсон олдворын мэдээлэл, зан үйлийн талаар тоймлон авч үзэв. СУИС-ийн харьяа Соёл, урлаг судлалын хүрээлэнд хэрэгжсэн “Монголын эзэнт гүрний үеийн монголчуудын үнэт зүйлс, соёл сэтгэлгээг баримтаар мөшгөх судалгаа” суурь судалгааны төслийн (2022-2024) хүрээнд боловсруулсан “Дундад үеийн монголчуудын оршуулгын соёлын мэдээллийн сан”-д багтсан археологийн олдворуудыг нэгтгэн дүгнэлт хийв. Судалгаанд Монгол Улсын нутаг дэвсгэр дээр малтсан дундад зууны үеийн монголчуудын оршуулгын дурсгалын хээрийн судалгааны тайлангууд, мэргэжлийн сэтгүүл, эрдэм шинжилгээний илтгэл, өгүүлэл, нэгэн сэдэвт болон хамтын бүтээл, эрдмийн зэрэг горилсон бүтээлүүдээс холбогдох хэрэглэгдэхүүнийг шинжлэн археологийн судалгааны өгөгдөл (байрлал, дагалдуулсан малын яс) үүсгэв. Соёлын газар зүйн онолын үзэл баримтлалд тулгуурлан бүс нутгийн археологийн соёлын харьцуулалтын арга зүйгээр судалж, судалгааны мэдээллийг боловсруулахад задлан шинжлэх, нэгтгэн дүгнэх, харьцуулалтын аргыг ашиглав. Монгол булшны тархалтын хүрээг газар зүйн байршлаар нь найман ай савд хуваан үзэж, тус бүрийн онцлог шинжийг тодруулан үзүүлэх оролдлого хийж, монгол оршуулгын соёлын зарим үзүүлэлтийг харьцуулж үзэв.
Түлхүүр үгс: эд өлгийн зүйлс, хойлгын мал, бүс нутаг, олдворын мэдээлэ
An analysis of the Documentary “Altan Tulga, Mungun Totgo”
No full textAbstract: This study focuses on the documentary film “Altan Tulga, Mungun Totgo”, which depicts the traditional wedding rituals of the Zakhchin ethnic group. It examines the film’s role in documenting, preserving, and disseminating intangible cultural heritage through audiovisual media. As a scholarly inquiry, the research argues that documentary cinema functions not merely as a vehicle for conveying information but also as a vital tool for documenting, safeguarding, and revitalizing cultural practices. The analysis demonstrates that the film effectively captures and preserves distinctive ritual knowledge, provides valuable ethnographic data, and contributes to the intergenerational transmission and contemporary relevance of intangible cultural heritage.
“Алтан тулга, мөнгөн тотго” баримтат кинонд хийсэн шинжилгээ
Хураангуй: Энэхүү судалгаанд захчин угсаатны хуримын зан үйлийг харуулсан “Алтан тулга, мөнгөн тотго” баримтат киног сонгож соёлын биет бус өвийг киногоор баримтжуулж хадгалах, олон нийтэд сурталчлах боломж, ач холбогдлыг шинжиллээ. Баримтат кино нь зөвхөн мэдээлэл дамжуулагч бус, соёлын өвийн бүртгэл, хадгалалтын хэрэгсэл болох боломжтой. Судалгааны үр дүнд уг баримтат кино нь захчины хуримын зан үйлийг баримтжуулан хадгалах, угсаатны зүйн судалгааны эх сурвалж болохын зэрэгцээ соёлын өвийг орчин үеийн нийгэмд өвлүүлэхэд дэмжлэг үзүүлэх боломжтой гэж үзэж байна.
Түлхүүр үгс: бэр сонгох, ам сонсгох, зус хадгийн найр, халхаар цайлуулах, хадаг бараалхуулах, хүргэн үзэгдэ
A Statistical Study on Drug Poisoning and Chemical Poisoning Casesat the National Center for Maternal and Child Health (2020–2024).
No full textWith the advancement of modern science, technology, and biological development, the use of medications has increased, and in some cases, due to uncontrolled usage by parents, children are often exposed to drug poisoning. This poses serious health and life-threatening risks to children, depending on their age, body characteristics, and the type of medication used, as evidenced by international studies. The analysis of the medical history of children poisoned by drugs and chemicals aims to identify the causes of poisoning, the medications and chemicals involved, treatment costs, and preventive measures. Мethods: The study will be conducted аs a retrospective observation study based on the medical record inpatients in the Internal Medicine Department of National Center for Maternal and Child Health. A sampling approach will be used, nd the data will be analyzed using both extensive indicators and clarification techniques.; Results: The results of the study showed that the majority of poisoning cases involving by drugs and chemicals were accidental (73.24%). Analysis of age distribution of the children affected by poisoning, the highest number of cases were found in young children and preschool-aged children (61.04%). Among adolescents, there was a tendency for self-harm (16.74%) and drug/chemical use for recreational purposes (1.65%). The most common form of poisoning was due to medications, with carbamazepine, iron preparations, and nafazoline being the most frequently involved drugs; Conclusions: The study confirms that young children are most frequently affected by acute poisoning from drugs and chemicals. Accordingly, there is a need to enhance oversight and create conditions for the safe storage of chemicals and pharmaceutical substances. Additionally, providing psychological support services for adolescents, developing content and educational programs to positive behaviors, which may help reduce the risk of self-harm and substance abuse
Eco-friendly synthesis of azo Schiff base ligand and its metal complexes: Anticancer, antidiabetic and antimicrobial activities
Get PDFNow a days Cancer, Diabetics and other diseases are become major issue of the society. Due to this synthesis of potential medicines against it is a major challenge to the researcher and hence Schiff base ligand became an attracting class of researcher. The azo Schiff base ligands are most widely used in various fields such as medicinal, pharmacological, biological etc. due to its broad spectrum of biological activity. In this research paper we have synthesized the Azo-Schiff base ligand and its transition metal complexes by simple griding method. Synthesis via green approach and biological evolution of azo-Schiff base ligand and its Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and VO(II) metal complexes. These compounds were characterized by Mass, 1H-NMR, FT-IR, Elemental analysis, Molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility, UV-Vis., P-XRD, TGA etc. and were screened for biological activities. Synthesised azo-Schiff base ligand and it’s metal complexes were evaluated for their antimicrobial, antidiabetic as well as anticancer activities against various bacteria and fungi, acarbose and MCF-7 breast cancer cell line respectively. From the findings of various results we can conclude that the synthesized metal complexes exhibit higher biological activities than that of azo-Schiff base ligand