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Insight into in-situ modification of white carbon black with surfactant/silane coupling agent via surface grafting and its performance
No full textHydrophobic and highly dispersed modified white carbon black particles were prepared using surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate as a modifier and the vanadium-extraction residue as raw material. This study investigated the effects of modification temperature, pH value, aging time and dosage of modifier. In order to reflect the advantages of surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate modification, the silane coupling agent γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane was used to compare with it. The modified white carbon black prepared by in-situ grafting method with sodium dodecyl sulfate and γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane was compared. X-ray diffraction and fourier transform infrared spectrometer results indicate that the modified product has an amorphous structure and the modifier exists on the surface of white carbon black in the form of chemical grafting. The modified product is added as fillers to rubber and the mechanical properties of rubber show that the white carbon black modified by sodium dodecyl sulfate has a lower modulus of elasticity, a higher maximum tensile stress and the strain at yield. The results of scanning electron microscope images of rubber and particle size of modified white carbon black demonstrate that the fine-grained modified white carbon black particles are more likely to form a network structure with the rubber to enhance the mechanical properties of the rubber
Trends in Cesarean Section in a Tertiary Referral Hospital: Time-Series Analysis
Full text linkObjectives: To analyze the causes and indications of C-sections conducted at the tertiary referral center and to forecast future patterns. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 25,311 delivery records from 2013 to 2022 at the National Center for Maternal and Child Health, Mongolia. All C-sections from 22 weeks’ gestation onward were included. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire form including maternal, obstetric history, surgical indications, and other influencing factors. Causes of C-sections were identified through descriptive statistics, logistic regression, and ARIMA time-series modeling. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata BE 18.0, with p < 0.05 considered significant. Results: The mean gestational age was 38.1±2.09 weeks, the 88.4% of pregnancies were term deliveries, and 42.6% were emergency C-sections. The most common indications for C-section were previous C-section, maternal comorbidity, severe preeclampsia, and fetal distress. According to time-series analysis, despite of no significant change in the C-section rate during the study period, the trends in C-sections are growing. The percentage of nulliparous women in total C-sections is likely to increase by 0.81% per year. In 2030, the percentage of C-sections will reach 35.5%, whereas the percentage of emergency C-sections in total C-sections will reach 59.5%. Conclusions: C-sections for nulliparous women were mainly due to failed birth induction, failed labor stimulation, and fetal distress. It is estimated that the percentage of C-sections in total births will increase by 0.02% annually, reaching 35.5% by 2030
Дорнод аймгийн хэрлэн сумын нутаг Адуунчулууны уурхайд хийсэн авран хамгаалах судалгааны үр дүн
No full textNo abstract in Englis
Hotspots and Trends in Social-Emotional Learning Research in China: A Visual Analysis Based on CiteSpace
Full text linkBased on the CiteSpace visualization analysis method, this study systematically examines the research status, key issues, and development trends in the field of social-emotional learning (SEL) in China from 2012 to 2024. The study finds that SEL research in China has showen a trend of continuous growth and has gradually expanded to different school-age groups, including primary school students, preschool children, adolescents, and middle school students. The research hotspots mainly focus on topics such as emotional intelligence, school bullying, and teacher-student relationships, reflecting the important role of SEL in improving students’ mental health and promoting positive social behavior. In addition, this study reveals the current situation of cooperation among SEL research teams in China and finds that there is limited cross-regional and cross-institutional academic cooperation. Through quantitative analysis of the evolution of SEL research in China, this study provides a systematic review and offers valuable references for scholars, educational practitioners, and policy makers to promote the localization of SEL in China. In the future, further strengthening academic cooperation, optimizing the SEL curriculum system, and combining successful international experiences will help improve the effectiveness of SEL in China\u27s education system and promote students’ all-round development and social adaptability
South Korea’s Economic Development Model: Implemented Policies, Achievements, and Challenges
No full textIn 1962, the South Korean government adopted an export-oriented industrialization strategy, following the example of Japan by promoting industry under state planning and control. As a result of strong government support, the industrial sector developed rapidly. However, the economy became sensitive to external factors, as evidenced by the impact of the second oil crisis in 1979. This led to attempts to reduce government intervention in the economy. Following the 1998 East Asian financial crisis, South Korea implemented liberalization measures to further reduce state involvement in the economy. As a result, the economy became relatively less influenced by external conditions and achieved greater independence. Nevertheless, in recent years, due to both internal and external factors, the country\u27s industrial sector—which has been the main engine of economic growth—has been gradually losing competitiveness, leading to a slowdown in economic growth.
БНСУ-ын эдийн засгийн хөгжлийн загвар, түүний хүрээнд хэрэгжүүлсэн бодлого, үр дүн, сорилт
Хураангуй: БНСУ-ын Засгийн газар 1962 онд экспортын аж үйлдвэрийг хөгжлийн гарцаар сонгож, Япон Улсын жишгээр төрийн төлөвлөлт, хяналтын дор аж үйлдвэрийг дэмжиж эхэлсэн. Төрийн дэмжлэгийн дүнд аж үйлдвэрийн салбар эрчимтэй хөгжсөн ч тус улсын эдийн засаг гадаад орчны нөлөөнд мэдрэг болсон нь 1979 оны газрын тосны хоёр дахь хямралаар мэдэгдсэн тул эдийн засаг дахь төрийн оролцоог бууруулах оролдлого хийсэн. Улмаар 1998 оны Зүүн Азийн санхүүгийн хямралд хүчтэй өртсөнөөр эдийн засаг дахь төрийн оролцоог бууруулж, либералчлах арга хэмжээ авсан. Үүний үр дүнд тус улсын эдийн засаг дахь гадаад орчны нөлөө харьцангуй буурч, хараат бус байдал дээшилсэн. Гэвч сүүлийн жилүүдэд гадаад болон дотоод хүчин зүйлсийн нөлөөгөөр тус улсын эдийн засгийн гол зүтгүүр болсон аж үйлдвэрийн салбар өрсөлдөх чадвараа аажмаар алдаж, эдийн засгийн өсөлт саарч байна.
Түлхүүр үгс: БНСУ, эдийн засгийн өсөлт, хөгжлийн загвар, аж үйлдвэр
The Role of Blockchain Technology in the Evolution of Journalism
No full textBlockchain technology has significantly influenced the development of journalism. Media outlets based on blockchain technology operate with decentralized databases, free from control and censorship, ensuring press freedom and contributing to the advancement of independent journalism. In this research paper, we examine the fundamental role of blockchain technology in journalism development through five key aspects:
Combating Fake News: Since blockchain records information immutably, it plays a crucial role in fighting misinformation.
Decentralized Platforms: With the emergence of decentralized platforms, authorities or any other entities cannot delete or manipulate information.
Financial Independence: Various cryptocurrencies based on blockchain support the financial independence of media organizations by allowing direct donations to editors and journalists.
Intellectual Property Protection: Journalistic content can be converted into NFTs using blockchain technology, providing a direct solution to intellectual property issues.
Transparency and Source Verification: Blockchain-based media ensure transparency in journalism, helping to verify the authenticity and origin of news.
However, the full adoption of blockchain technology faces challenges such as financial resources, users\u27 technological capabilities, legal regulations, and technical advancements. If these challenges are addressed, blockchain-based media could fully determine the future direction of journalism.
Блокчэйн технологи сэтгүүл зүйн хөгжлийг тодорхойлогч хүчин зүйл болох нь
Хураангуй: Блокчэйн технологи сэтгүүл зүйн хөгжилд цөөнгүй нөлөөг үзүүлж байна. Бид уг өгүүлэлдээ блокчэйн технологийн хэвлэл мэдээллийн салбарт үзүүлж буй нөлөө, боломж, нэвтрүүлэхэд тулгарах бэрхшээлүүд болон тус технологийн сэтгүүл зүйн хөгжилд хэрхэн хувьсал хийх боломжтойг тодорхойлж, блокчэйнд суурилсан хэвлэл мэдээллийн хэрэгслийн математик загварчлалыг боловсруулах үндсэн зорилгын хүрээнд бэлтгэв.
Блокчэйн технологи нь сэтгүүл зүйн салбарт хуурамч мэдээлэлтэй тэмцэх, мэдээллийн гарал үүслийг баталгаажуулах, төвлөрсөн бус платформ бий болгох зэрэг олон давуу талтай. Мөн криптовалют ашиглан сэтгүүлч, редакцын санхүүгийн хараат бус байдлыг хангах, оюуны өмчийг хамгаалах, ил тод байдлыг нэмэгдүүлэх боломжтой. Гэсэн хэдий ч энэ технологийг бүрэн нэвтрүүлэхэд санхүү, хэрэглэгчдийн технологийн мэдлэг, хууль эрх зүйн зохицуулалт зэрэг хүндрэлүүд тулгарч байна.
Түлхүүр үг: Баримтыг нягтлах, Хуурамч мэдээлэл, Төвлөрсөн бус платформ, Криптовалют, Ил тод байдал, Үйлчлүүлэгчийн бүрэн мэдээлэ
Artificial Intelligence Models and Test Performance: (Case Study in Accounting Program)
Full text linkIntegrating artificial intelligence (AI) in education has required considering the conservative approaches of teaching and assessment systems, as AI impacts how educators operate, how students learn, and how learning outcomes are evaluated. The primary goal of this research paper is to compare AI tools’ performance with students’ performance through experiments on the final examination tests in the accounting program. In the conducted experiment, ChatGBT achieved a performance rate of 77 percent in a series of tests that encompassed the final examination, which included 11 courses and a total of 100 questions. The performance of the top-scoring students exceeded the results of the Copilot and Deepseek models; however, it did not surpass that of ChatGBT. The study findings have shown that ChatGPT performed less effectively on multiple-choice questions that require extensive calculations and accounting estimations; however, it was good at simpler multiple-choice and matching tasks. Thus, it was concluded that permitting students to undertake online examinations in unsupervised settings or utilize AI tools without limitations can enhance student performance in unreal ways while simultaneously minimizing reliability in assessment outcomes
Correction to: Paradigm shift in Traditional Mongolian medicine in the 18th century Vol. 63 No 02 (246) 2023 in Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences, 63(02), 19–24.
No full textIn the original publication one of the Enkhamgalan Damiran’s proper affiliation requested to change. The new affiliation for Enkhamgalan Damiran changed as follows.
“Mongolian Academy of Medical Sciences, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia” to the 2th affiliation and “School of Governance and Management, National Academy of Governance, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia to the 1th affiliation”
The authors state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. This correction was approved by the Co-authors.
The original article can be found online at https://doi.org/10.5564/pmas.v63i02.141
Prediction of soil moisture content using unmanned aerial vehicle technology
No full textThe application of remote sensing technology is commonly used to predict the soil moisture content of cropland and has become an effective method for smart agriculture. Therefore, this study aims to (i) quantify seasonal variations in soil moisture content at different soil depths during wheat growth stages, (ii) examine the relationships between soil moisture, wheat yield, and UAV-derived vegetation indices, and (iii) evaluate the effectiveness of UAV multispectral data for predicting soil moisture content under semi-arid conditions.
We hypothesize that vegetation indices derived from UAV multispectral imagery are significantly correlated with soil moisture content at different soil depths and can be used as indirect predictors of soil moisture. Soil moisture was measured using the gravimetric method, with samples taken at 0–20 cm and 20–40 cm depths from 60 plots in the field at all wheat growth stages. The soil reaction range of the study area varies from 7.3 to 8.0, the soil volume was 1.14 to 1.35 g/cm3, soil organic carbon was 0.82-2.18%, and total soil nitrogen was 0.9-0.23%. From the results, the air temperature was low; it rained in July of the year between the stem elongation heading stages of wheat. According to the soil sampling, the soil moisture content of the third ten days of July (the early heading stage of wheat) had the highest values (11.7–30.1%), while the soil moisture content had the lowest values (13.53–21.21%) in the sensitive period of wheat from seedling growth to the heading stage. When correlation analysis is performed between soil moisture and wheat yield, the soil moisture in the depth of 0–20 cm has a weakly negative correlation (r = -0.13 (-0.38)), and the soil moisture in the depth of 20–40 cm has a weak to moderate correlation (r = -0.13 (-0.43)). The regression analysis of soil moisture content and vegetation indices calculated by spectral data shows a positive correlation (with an R2 value of 0.44 at 0–20 cm, p<0.0001; an R2 value of 0.2 at 20–40 cm, p<0.01). Using the UAV, the determination coefficient is R2 = 0.32 at 20–40 cm depth and R2 = 0.29, p<0.01