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Arthroscopic Superior Capsular Reconstruction with Achilles Tendon Allograft for Massive and Revision Rotator Cuff Tears.
No full textMassive irreparable rotator cuff tears (RCT) in younger and active patients remain a significant clinical challenge to orthopaedic surgeons. Superior capsular reconstruction (SCR) has been presented as a way to restore the restraining effect of the superior joint capsule and the balanced force couples necessary for dynamic shoulder function; furthermore, it does not exclude future treatment options. The purpose of this article is to show a technical modification of the SCR in massive and revision RCT using Achilles tendon allograft as an effective static restraint to prevent superior migration of the humeral head due to its thickness and robustness, and performing a side-to-side repair on the greater tuberosity between the graft and the residual infraspinatus tendon to completely restore the superior stability of the shoulder joint
Premenstrual and menstrual changes reported after COVID-19 vaccination: The EVA project.
No full textMenstrual disorders were not reported as a possible secondary effect in any of the clinical trials for the SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. To describe the prevalence of perceived premenstrual and menstrual changes after COVID-19 vaccine administration. Cross-sectional study. A total of 14,153 women (mean age 31.5 ± 9.3 years old) who had received the full course of vaccination at least three months earlier were included in this cross-sectional study. Data including the type of vaccine administered, perceived changes in the amount and duration of menstrual bleeding, presence of clots, cycle length, and premenstrual symptoms were collected through a retrospective online survey from June to September 2021. Of the women who participated in this study, 3136 reported no menstrual changes and 11,017 (78% of the study sample) reported experiencing menstrual cycle changes after vaccination. In summary, women who reported menstrual changes after vaccination were older (overall p Women vaccinated against COVID-19 usually perceive mild menstrual and premenstrual changes. Future studies are warranted to clarify the physiological mechanisms behind these widely reported changes.S
Vol. 27, nº 05. Listeriosis como marcador de mortalidad precoz. Granada, 2005-2021
No full textEnfermedades de Declaración Obligatoria por provincias. Semana 04/2022 y acumulado desde semana 01/2022. Datos provisionales. Incluye además el artículo titulado "Listeriosis como marcador de mortalidad precoz. Granada, 2005-2021", de Mario Rivera Izquierdo, María Dolores Galicia García, Adela Hoyos López, Rocío Ortega Fernández, Irene González Ramírez. Sección de Epidemiología. Delegación Territorial de Salud y Familias de Granada..Ye
Optical imaging spectroscopy for rapid, primary screening of SARS-CoV-2: a proof of concept.
No full textEffective testing is essential to control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission. Here we report a-proof-of-concept study on hyperspectral image analysis in the visible and near-infrared range for primary screening at the point-of-care of SARS-CoV-2. We apply spectral feature descriptors, partial least square-discriminant analysis, and artificial intelligence to extract information from optical diffuse reflectance measurements from 5 µL fluid samples at pixel, droplet, and patient levels. We discern preparations of engineered lentiviral particles pseudotyped with the spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 from those with the G protein of the vesicular stomatitis virus in saline solution and artificial saliva. We report a quantitative analysis of 72 samples of nasopharyngeal exudate in a range of SARS-CoV-2 viral loads, and a descriptive study of another 32 fresh human saliva samples. Sensitivity for classification of exudates was 100% with peak specificity of 87.5% for discernment from PCR-negative but symptomatic cases. Proposed technology is reagent-free, fast, and scalable, and could substantially reduce the number of molecular tests currently required for COVID-19 mass screening strategies even in resource-limited settings.Te authors would like to gratefully acknowledge the assistance of the members of the Explosive Ordnance Disposal—Chemical, Biological, Radiological & Nuclear (EOD-CBRN) Group of the Spanish National Police, whose identities cannot be disclosed, and who are represented here by JMNG. Te authors also thank Manuel Guerrero-Claro for his technical assistance with the implementation of the neural networks, and the companies CAMBRICO BIOTECH (Sevilla, Spain), CER “Dr. Gregorio Medina Blanco” (Espartinas, Sevilla, Spain) and SAMU (Sevilla, Spain) for their collaboration in the collection of human samples. Tis research was funded by Grants Number COV20-00080 and COV20-00173 of the 2020 Emergency Call for Research Projects about the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the COVID-19 disease of the Institute of Health ‘Carlos III’, Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, and by Grant Number EQC2019-006240-P funded by MICIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe”. ABR was supported by Grant Number RTI2018-094465-J-I00 funded by MICIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe”. Tis work has been supported by the European Commission through the Joint Research Center (JRC) HUMAINT project.S
Impact of Cumulative Environmental and Dietary Xenobiotics on Human Microbiota: Risk Assessment for One Health.
No full textChemical risk assessment in the context of the risk analysis framework was initially designed to evaluate the impact of hazardous substances or xenobiotics on human health. As the need of multiple stressors assessment was revealed to be more reliable regarding the occurrence and severity of the adverse effects in the exposed organisms, the cumulative risk assessment started to be the recommended approach. As toxicant mixtures and their "cocktail effects" are considered to be main hazards, the most important exposure for these xenobiotics would be of dietary and environmental origin. In fact, even a more holistic prism should currently be considered. In this sense, the definition of One Health refers to simultaneous actions for improving human, animal, and environmental health through transdisciplinary cooperation. Global policies necessitate going beyond the classical risk assessment for guaranteeing human health through actions and implementation of the One Health approach. In this context, a new perspective is proposed for the integration of microbiome biomarkers and next generation probiotics potentially impacting and modulating not only human health, but plant, animal health, and the environment.S
Liraglutide Improves Forced Vital Capacity in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: Data From the Randomized Crossover LIRALUNG Study.
No full textTo evaluate the effect of liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist, on pulmonary function and serum levels of surfactant protein D (SP-D) in type 2 diabetes. A double-blind, randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled clinical trial comprising 76 patients with a baseline forced expiratory volume in 1 s<90% of that predicted. Liraglutide was administered for 7 weeks (2 weeks of titration plus 5 weeks at 1.8 mg daily). This short duration was intentional to minimize weight loss as a potential confounding factor. Serum level of SP-D was used as a biomarker of alveolar-capillary barrier integrity. Liraglutide exerted a positive impact on forced vital capacity (FVC) in comparison with placebo (DFVC 5.2% of predicted [from 0.8 to 9.6]; P 5 0.009). No differences in the other pulmonary variables were observed. Participants under liraglutide treatment also experienced a decrease in serum SP-D (P 5 0.038). The absolute change in FVC correlated with final serum SP-D in participants receiving liraglutide (r 5 20.313, P 5 0.036). Stepwise multivariate regression analysis showed that f inal serum SP-D independently predicted changes in FVC. In conclusion, liraglutide increased FVC in patients with type 2 diabetes. This effect was associated with a significant decrease of circulating SP-D, thus pointing to abeneficial effect in the alveolar-capillary function.S
Gene set enrichment analysis of pathophysiological pathways highlights oxidative stress in psychosis.
No full textPolygenic risk prediction remains an important aim of genetic association studies. Currently, the predictive power of schizophrenia polygenic risk scores (PRSs) is not large enough to allow highly accurate discrimination between cases and controls and thus is not adequate for clinical integration. Since PRSs are rarely used to reveal biological functions or to validate candidate pathways, to fill this gap, we investigated whether their predictive ability could be improved by building genome-wide (GW-PRSs) and pathway-specific PRSs, using distance- or expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs)- based mapping between genetic variants and genes. We focused on five pathways (glutamate, oxidative stress, GABA/interneurons, neuroimmune/neuroinflammation and myelin) which belong to a critical hub of schizophrenia pathophysiology, centred on redox dysregulation/oxidative stress. Analyses were first performed in the Lausanne Treatment and Early Intervention in Psychosis Program (TIPP) study (n = 340, cases/controls: 208/132), a sample of first-episode of psychosis patients and matched controls, and then validated in an independent study, the epidemiological and longitudinal intervention program of First-Episode Psychosis in Cantabria (PAFIP) (n = 352, 224/128). Our results highlighted two main findings. First, GW-PRSs for schizophrenia were significantly associated with early psychosis status. Second, oxidative stress was the only significantly associated pathway that showed an enrichment in both the TIPP (p = 0.03) and PAFIP samples (p = 0.002), and exclusively when gene-variant linking was done using eQTLs. The results suggest that the predictive accuracy of polygenic risk scores could be improved with the inclusion of information from functional annotations, and through a focus on specific pathways, emphasizing the need to build and study functionally informed risk scores.S
Marcapasos sin cable con sincronía aurículo-ventricular para el tratamiento del bloqueo aurículo-ventricular: Actualización.
No full textEste documento es una ficha de Evaluación de Tecnologías Sanitarias Nuevas y Emergentes. Su objetivo es proporcionar la información disponible que permita que la evaluación pueda llevarse a cabo en una fase temprana de la aparición de una técnica, tecnología o procedimiento, que se prevé va a tener impacto en la calidad de vida y en el sistema sanitario. Se contribuye así a facilitar la toma de decisiones sobre la incorporación de las tecnologías nuevas y emergentes en el sistema sanitario, cuando corresponda llevarla a cabo.Se ha evaluado la efectividad y seguridad del marcapasos MicraTM AV en el tratamiento de pacientes con bloqueo AV con ritmo sinusal normal. Para ello se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura en la que se localizó un estudio en el que se siguieron prospectivamente una cohorte de 75 pacientes. El éxito del implante fue de 99% con un 2,7% de complicaciones mayores. Sin embargo, no se ofrecieron datos sobre supervivencia, reducción de episodios clínicos ni calidad de vida o satisfacción. Si bien no se localizaron estudios de evaluación económica, el coste unitario del dispositivo fue de 8.800€.Ye
Caffeine and Chlorogenic Acid Combination Attenuate Early-Stage Chemically Induced Colon Carcinogenesis in Mice: Involvement of oncomiR miR-21a-5p.
No full textColorectal cancer (CRC) is one of most common cancers worldwide, with high rates of mortality. Epidemiological findings demonstrate that coffee consumption reduces the risk of developing CRC by ~13%. In general, in vivo and in vitro findings demonstrate the antiproliferative, antioxidant and proapoptotic effects of brewed coffee or major bioavailable coffee compounds. Thus, it was assessed whether caffeine (CAF) and/or chlorogenic acid (CGA) attenuates the early-stage of chemically induced mouse colon carcinogenesis. Male Swiss mice were submitted to a 1,2-dimethylhydrazine/deoxycholic acid (DMH/DCA)-induced colon carcinogenesis model. These animals received CAF (50 mg/kg), CGA (25 mg/kg) or CAF+CGA (50 + 25 mg/kg) intragastrically for five times/week for ten weeks. CAF+CGA had the most pronounced effects on decreasing epithelial cell proliferation (Ki-67) and increasing apoptosis (cleaved caspase-3) in colonic crypts. This treatment also decreased the levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-17 and TNF-α, and downregulated the oncomiR miR-21a-5p in the colon. Accordingly, the analysis of miR-21a-5p targets demonstrated the genes involved in the negative regulation of proliferation and inflammation, and the positive regulation of apoptosis. Ultimately, CAF+CGA attenuated preneoplastic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) development. Our findings suggest that a combination of coffee compounds reduces early-stage colon carcinogenesis by the modulation of miR-21a-5p expression, highlighting the importance of coffee intake to prevent CRC.S
MUSCLE ULTRASOUND FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF SARCOPENIA IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS (RA).
No full textBackground: Sarcopenia is a muscular disease characterized by a loss of muscle mass and function. The condition is associated with chronic diseases and ageing and predicts disability, hospitalization and death (1). Due to chronicity and disability produced by RA, it is convenient to see the relationship with sarcopenia. Objectives: To assess the diagnostic utility of ultrasound (US) for sarcopenia. Methods: Cases: Outpatients, 65 years old or more, with RA (ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria) from the rheumatology clinics of 4 Spanish University Hospitals were randomly selected consecutively from rheumatology consultation since May 2021 to September 2021. Controls: Control subjects without rheumatoid disease were selected from family members or friends of the cases, paired by age, gender and social status from May to September 2021. Variable and measures: The main evaluated outcome was sarcopenia as defined in 2019 by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP). Crossectional Ultrasounds (US) of the third proximal forearm were evaluated for the perpendicular distance (milimetres) between superficial surface of subcutaneous celular tissue and the deep surface close to the ulnae with two different measures (66%
and 75%). Crossectional US images were also obtained of lower limbs, at an
equidistant point between anterosuperior iliac spine and the upper border of the patella for measuring the distance between superficial surface of subcutaneous celular tissue and the deep interface of the femur with vastus medialis muscle with two different measures (50% and 75%). Handheld dynamometer was used to measure the strength in upper limbs. Body composition was evaluated using dual-energy X-ray densitometry