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İlmiyye ve Siyaset, Challenges between Islam and Politics in the Discourse of the Ottoman Ulema
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The Integration of the Pupils of Academicians System and the Imperial Institute of Learning in Early Han China
Get PDFThe Pupils of Academicians (Boshi-Dizi 博士弟子) System, which was instituted in 124 BCE and the Imperial Institute of Learning (Taixue 太學), the highest seat of learning in ancient China dating back to the Zhou Dynasty, have been generally regarded as comprising one unified body. However, it remains uncertain whether the former was initially integrated with the latter, because neither of the documents relating to the establishment of the Boshi-Dizi System, Emperor Wu’s (Wudi 武帝) imperial edict and Gongsun Hong’s 公孫弘 petition, mention the Taixue, and Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji 史記), a contemporary work of historiography, contains no information indicating any such initial integration.
This article considers the integration of the two institutions mainly from the perspective of the history of thought, beginning with an attempt to confirm the plan and aim of the initial Boshi-Dizi System. Next the author compares them with ideas about the Taixue which existed since antiquity and shows a significant departure between the two. This is followed by the introduction of Dong Zhongshu’s 董仲舒 concept of the Taixue, raising the possibility that although the Boshi-Dizi System adopted Dong’s ideas in part, it was initially an attempt to expand the existing institutions.
Then the author turns to the subject of when and how the two institutions were eventually integrated, assuming integration occurred during the reigns of Emperors Yuan and Cheng (Yuandi 元帝 and Chengdi 成帝; 49–7 BCE), which were marked by institutional reform of the Han court along the lines of Confucian ideas. The author concludes by arguing that the integration should occupy an important place in the history of the growth of Confucianism because of its primary role in the establishment a “new” Han Taixue grounded in the study of the Confucian classics.journal articl
