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Living One’s Calling Independently: The Role of Online Labor Platforms for Different Dynamics of Calling Enactment in the Gig Economy
No full textPurpose
This study investigates the diverse career experiences of gig workers by looking at a sample of gig workers that are living a calling through online labor platforms (OLPs). Drawing from the systems informed positive psychology (SIPP) framework we examine the experiences and dynamics through which individuals can enact their calling through OLPs.
Design/Methodology/Approach
We conducted 34 semi-structured interviews with gig workers who are able to live their calling through OLPs. The interviews were analyzed by using a grounded theory approach.
Findings
Our findings reveal that gig workers sense of living a calling is rooted in the experience of being and feeling independent. Furthermore, we identify three dynamics of calling enactment through OLPs which are: 1) engaging in personal development, 2) constructing social fit, and 3) stabilizing finances.
Originality
While many studies document the precarious nature of the gig economy, our paper offers rich insight into positive career experiences of gig workers. Through taking a systemic view on individuals’ ability to live a calling, we illustrate how individuals interact with different features of OLPs to enact their calling. Finally, we suggest that besides direct dynamics of calling enactment there are also indirect dynamics of calling enactment that play an important role for individuals’ ability to live a calling in the gig economy
Conseil pour les questions de pauvreté en Suisse
No full textComment impliquer durablement les personnes ayant l’expérience de la pauvreté dans la politique suisse de lutte contre la pauvreté afin qu’elles y exercent une influence ? Proposition de structure de participation permanente élaborée avec des personnes ayant l’expérience de la pauvreté sur la base des résultats de la recherche scientifiqu
Une voix pour les personnes en situation de pauvreté
Full text linkEn Suisse, les personnes touchées par la pauvreté ne sont que peu entendues au niveau politique. Un « Conseil pour les questions de pauvreté » pourrait changer la donne
Technologische Perspektive der digitalen Souveränität: Blick auf die Schweiz, internationale Trends sowie Empfehlungen für die "Strategie Digitale Souveränität der Schweiz": Bericht zuhanden des Eidgenössischen Departements für auswärtige Angelegenheiten (EDA)
Full text linkDer vorliegende Bericht zuhanden des Eidgenössischen Departements für auswärtige Angelegenheiten (EDA) leistet einen wissenschaftlichen Beitrag im Rahmen des Postulats 22.4411 «Strategie Digitale Souveränität der Schweiz» von Ständerätin Heidi Z’graggen. Der Bericht zeigt auf, was digitale Souveränität aus technologischer Perspektive bedeutet und welche Aktivitäten diesbezüglich in der Schweiz und im Ausland zurzeit realisiert werden. Ausserdem werden strategische Stossrichtungen und konkrete Empfehlungen für ein künftige «Strategie Digitale Souveränität der Schweiz» abgegeben
Gemeinsam Vielfältig**- Kurzreferat über die Wichtigkeit von Diversity, Equity und Inclusion!
No full textZero-Shot Award Criteria extraction via Large Language Models from German Procurement Data from Switzerland
No full textPublic procurement serves as a model for sustainable practices (Sönnichsen and Clement, 2020). Recent legislation in Switzerland mandates considerations of economic, environmental, and social responsibility in public spending, including within the realm of public procurement. To assess the extent to which these legislative measures have influenced public procurement practices, one may examine Award Criteria (ACs) based on which procuring entities determine the most suitable bidder. This paper demonstrates the potential of Natural Language Processing (NLP) for extracting ACs from Swiss calls for tenders (CFTs), specifically those in German. We evaluate the efficacy of a German Large Language Model (LLM) in executing four tasks with a single zero-shot prompt: (1) Text Classification (TC), determining whether a call for tenders (CFT) includes ACs; (2) Named Entity Recognition (NER), identifying ACs and other related named entities; (3) Relation Extraction (RE), elucidating relationships between named entity instances; and (4) Formatting, compiling the information into a structured JSON format. We evaluate our approach on a set of 167 annotated CFTs. This approach facilitates the automated monitoring and evaluation of ACs overtime regarding sustainability. Both our code and the annotated dataset are publicly available: https://github.com/kapllan/GATE-CH
Anonymity at Risk? Assessing Re-Identification Capabilities of Large Language Models in Court Decisions
Full text linkAnonymity in court rulings is a critical aspect of privacy protection in the European Union and Switzerland but with the advent of LLMs, concerns about large-scale re-identification of anonymized persons are growing. In accordance with the Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland (FSCS), we study re-identification risks using actual legal data. Following the initial experiment, we constructed an anonymized Wikipedia dataset as a more rigorous testing ground to further investigate the findings. In addition to the datasets, we also introduce new metrics to measure performance. We systematically analyze the factors that influence successful re-identifications, identifying model size, input length, and instruction tuning among the most critical determinants. Despite high re-identification rates on Wikipedia, even the best LLMs struggled with court decisions. We demonstrate that for now, the risk of re-identifications using LLMs is minimal in the vast majority of cases. We hope that our system can help enhance the confidence in the security of anonymized decisions, thus leading the courts to publish more decisions
Rat für Armutsfragen in der Schweiz
Full text linkErst mit kontinuierlichen Strukturen kann die Beteiligung Armutsbetroffener in der Armutspolitik nachhaltig Wirkung erzielen. Ein BFHForschungsteam hat deshalb gemeinsam mit Armutserfahrenen und Fachpersonen für das Bundesamt für Sozialversicherungen einen Vorschlag erarbeitet, um einen Rat für Armutsfragen ins Leben zu rufen