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Full text linkWenn man für ein Familienmitglied Unterstützung sucht, kann man sich leicht im Dschungel der Angebote verlieren – vorausgesetzt man weiss, was man genau benötigt. Das muss nicht sein. In der Region Gantrisch unterstützt seit neustem ein digitaler Angebotsfinder betreuende Angehörige auf der Suche nach dem passenden Angebot. Ein Team der BFH arbeitete mit an der Innovation
Safe Spaces: Die Caring Society als schützender Raum?
Full text linkWann und wo kann ich ehrlich, wahrhaftig und komplett ich selbst sein? Die Frage nach Safe Spaces steht aktuell hoch im Kurs. Es wäre an der Zeit, das Thema visionär zu denken. Dazu ist die Idee einer Caring Society enorm hilfreich
Prospective Life Cycle Inventory Datasets for Conventional and Hybrid-Electric Aircraft Technologies
Full text linkHybrid-electric aircraft represent a promising solution for the urgent need to decarbonize short-haul flights and bolster aviation sustainability. Nevertheless, the realization of hybrid-electric aircraft demands rigorous environmental impact analysis, given the substantial investments, time, and research required for technology development. This study offers a comprehensive life cycle inventory spanning the years 2030, 2040, and 2050 for both conventional and hybrid-electric aircraft configurations. Our inventory datasets are meticulously constructed through a systematic approach, ensuring data harmonization by drawing upon scientific literature, industry expertise, and primary data sources. This extensive dataset encompasses all pertinent systems necessary to model the environmental footprint of flights covering distances ranging from 200 to 600 nautical miles, utilizing a 50-passenger aircraft with the ATR42 as a reference model. Additionally, we furnish supplemental data for end-of-life considerations and uncertainty analysis. The systems under examination include the airframe, powertrain, power electronics and drives, batteries, fuel cells, hydrogen onboard storage, airport infrastructure, and battery charging stations. Notably, the carbon footprint of conventional aircraft aligns with data from the ecoinvent v3.8 database; however, our provided datasets are more than tenfold more detailed and incorporate a forward-looking perspective. These meticulously curated life cycle inventories can be amalgamated to simulate the potential environmental ramifications of conventional aircraft powered by kerosene or alternative aviation fuels, hybrid-electric aircraft utilizing battery technology, and hybrid-electric aircraft employing hydrogen as a fuel in conjunction with batteries. In this context, our findings play a pivotal role in nurturing the development of technology roadmaps that prioritize environmental sustainability within the realm of regional aviation
Ass die «unsterbliche Geliebte» Suppenhuhn in Solothurn?
No full textAn entry in the guest book of the Hotel Krone in Solothurn in Switzerland proves that Josephine Brunsvik (also Deym and von Stackelberg) spent a night there in November 1808 together with her sister and sons, on their way from visiting Pestalozzi in Yverdon
Inclusive Research and Innovation in Engineering–Theory Building from Five Case Studies
No full textConsidering the diversity of human beings in research and innovation projects is important for societal inclusion. Yet especially STEM research and innovation projects only occasionally consider all human beings potentially affected by their innovation. In this paper, we therefore investigate whether STEM researchers and innovators in engineering consider the diversity of human beings in their projects and how this changes their technological and business success. We answer our research questions using an explorative theory-building approach in which we analyze twenty interviews with project leaders and team members of five research and innovation project teams working on high tech STEM innovations. Their efforts are funded within Horizon 2020 framework. We find that none of the project teams considered the diversity of human beings at project inception to start with. At the same time, STEM researchers and innovators agreed on the importance of and started considering the diversity of human beings after learning about the responsibility of research and innovation from social scientists. Furthermore, we show that open innovation practices like co-creation and knowledge sharing enhance the consideration of the diversity of human beings whereas increased entrepreneurial mindset helps STEM researchers and innovators to see the business potential of considering the diversity of human beings in their research and innovation projects. After all we show that inclusivity in STEM research and innovation broadens the search horizon, may help to develop insights and solutions that can be more responsible, more ethically, and more socially acceptable
Creating Inclusive Organizations through Followers’ Empowerment – A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Transactional and Transformational Leadership on Structural and Psychological Empowerment
No full textThe inclusion of followers in organizational decision-making processes enhances agility, innovation and adaptability, characteristics frequently sought after in today’s dynamic economy (Wang et al., 2022). To enable followers to make their own independent decisions, organizations must first empower them (Huang et al., 2010). Many studies have already investigated the antecedents of followers’ empowerment, identifying especially leadership as an important contributing factor (Seibert et al., 2011). To summarize the effects of leadership on followers’ empowerment, Schermuly et al. (2022) conducted a meta-analysis analyzing the effects of empowering, transformational, servant and transactional leadership on psychological empowerment. However, this meta-analysis left out the second dimension of empowerment, structural empowerment, which constitutes an important pre-requisite to psychological empowerment (Monje-Amor et al., 2021). Therefore, we extend the meta-analysis of Schermuly et al. (2022) by explicitly including structural empowerment and comparing the effects of leadership on the two empowerment dimensions. Hereby, we specifically focus on transactional and transformational leadership, because transformational leaders tend to change organizations’ structural frameworks while transactional leaders simply accept them as a given fact and operate within the boundaries (Bass, 1997), thus providing us with a different set of expectations about their effects on especially structural empowerment. The goal is to generate a holistic roadmap of how leadership can leverage inclusivity and participation through empowering followers to enhance self-directed working and streamline day-to-day operations.
We followed the meta-analysis methodology outlined in Hunter and Schmidt (1990). First, we searched the Web of Science and Scopus for publications including combinations of leadership and empowerment in titles, abstracts and keywords. Given the large number of 3,075 initial results, we filtered our results to include only papers published in journals with a rank of at minimum two in the Academic Journal Guide 2021 (Walker & Wood, 2021) and only articles written in English. This left us with 455 papers which we evaluated manually. We dropped non-empirical papers (34), papers not including leadership and/or employee empowerment (221), papers that did not employ a standardized measure of transactional and transformational leadership as well as psychological and structural empowerment (120), papers running their analysis on the organizational instead of the follower level (4) and papers not providing information on the zero-order correlations (3). This cleaning procedure left us with 42 papers including 45 studies, all of which draw their data from surveying individuals working in organizations.
We manually coded the information employed in the methods and analysis sections of those 45 studies. Following Hunter & Schmidt (1990), we referred to the zero-order correlation matrices and ran confirmatory factor analyses to determine the effects between the leadership and empowerment constructs. Before performing the meta-analysis, we conducted the following correction steps: We deleted the top and bottom 2% of the correlation coefficients to avoid problems arising from outliers and corrected for sampling error and error of measurement based on the number of observations and the distributions of the error values in the studies (Hunter & Schmidt 1990).
The following table presents the results from the meta-analysis. It does not include the correlation between transactional leadership and structural empowerment because we only identified a single study (Si & Wei, 2012) including a correlation coefficient (0.31) for transactional leadership and structural empowerment. Nevertheless, we show that transactional and transformational leadership positively relate to both, structural and psychological empowerment. We furthermore demonstrate that the effects of transactional and transformational leadership on psychological empowerment do not differ significantly. Still, we find that the effect of transformational leadership on structural empowerment is significantly stronger than its effect on psychological empowerment.
Table 1: Meta-Analysis Results
Note: TAL+PE and TFL+SE data derived from six studies each. TFL+PE data derived from 40 studies.
We also run sub-group analyses differentiating the studies based on two geographic regions: Western Europe & Northern America vs. Asia (all studies included in the meta-analysis were conducted in one of those two regions). Hereby, we find that the association between transformational leadership and structural empowerment is significantly stronger in Western Europe and Northern America than in Asia.
The results of this meta-analysis emphasize that transformational leadership is crucial in generating inclusive organizations not only through psychological but even more through structural empowerment. Therefore, leaders should move beyond enhancing employees’ soft skills when aiming at ensuring inclusivity and empowerment of their employees by revising the formal organizational structure to enable employees to empower themselves. However, existing research on this important avenue, the interplay between leadership styles and structural empowerment, is scarce. We therefore point to this as a promising avenue for future research to enhance the inclusivity of organizations
Innovation in der klinischen Pflegeausbildung
No full textAktuell gilt es in der Umsetzung der Pflegeinitiative in der Schweiz die Ausbildungszahlen von Pflegefachpersonen zu erhöhen, da gemäss Hochrechnungen zu wenig Personen ausgebildet werden und sich der Mangel in der Pflege verstärkt. Die Erhöhung der Ausbildungszahlen bedingt neben Innovation an Ausbildungsinstitutionen auch neue Modelle in der klinischen Ausbildung
Advanced Practice Nurses and Their Roles in Swiss Cancer Care: A Cross-Sectional Study
Full text linkObjectives: To examine the advanced practice nurse workforce in Swiss cancer care and how their roles are being implemented (eg, role structures, processes) to achieve optimal outcomes for patients and their families, care organizations, and the broader health care system.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. The sample included master-prepared advanced practice nurses in cancer care, who completed an online questionnaire from December 2021 to January 2022. Thirtynine items assessed structures (eg, role characteristics, utilization), processes (eg, role activities, interventions), and perceived outcomes (eg, for patients, the health care system) of advanced practice nurses in Swiss cancer care. Data from closed questions were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Data from open-ended questions were organized and summarized into categories related to domains of advanced practice nursing and its reported frequency by the advanced practice nurses.
Results: The participating advanced practice nurses (n = 53), worked in half of the 26 Swiss cantons. Interventions were identified within nine categories, of which most were targeted to patients and their families (n = 7), followed by health care professionals (n = 2). Perceived positive outcomes were patient symptom management, length of hospital stay, and health care costs. Participants felt less confident in cancer care (eg, autonomous practice) and reported 15 professional development needs (eg, medical interventions, teaching).
Conclusions: This study provides a comprehensive examination of 53 advanced practice nurses, detailing the characteristics of their roles and utilization across various jurisdictions and health care settings. The results highlight the diverse dimensions of advanced practice nursing and its potential to enhance cancer services and outcomes in Switzerland. Opportunities for role development support and expansion are identified. Implications for Nursing Practice: More systematic health human resource planning is needed to expand the deployment of advanced practice nurses across jurisdictions, practice settings, and more diverse patient populations. Role development needs show the desire for specialized educational preparation in cancer care