Ornitología Neotropical (E-Journal)
Not a member yet
359 research outputs found
Sort by
GEOPHAGY IN PFRIMER'S PARAKEET (PYRRHURA PFRIMERI), A CRITICALLY THREATENED AND ENDEMIC PARAKEET OF DRY FORESTS IN CENTRAL BRAZIL
Get PDFABSTRACT ∙ Geophagy refers to the behavior of ingesting soil by animals which has often been reported for parrots (Psittacidae), and is hypothesized to have a detoxifying function and/or to provide essential minerals. Here, we document this behaviour in Pfrimer’s Parakeet (Pyrrhura pfrimeri), an endangered species that inhabits dry forest environments in central Brasil. Between 2012 and 2014, we observed four cases of geophagy in this species in the states of Tocantins and Goiás. All observations took place near streams where parrots were recorded scraping at limestone walls and rocky outcrops. This is the first record of geophagy for this species, besides expanding the known geographic distribution of this behavior eastwards in South America.RESUMO ∙ Geofagia em Tiriba‐de‐pfrimer (Pyrrhura pfrimeri), periquito endêmico e criticamente ameaçado das Mata Secas do Brasil‐Central Geofagia refere‐se ao comportamento da ingestão de solo por animais, o que tem sido frequentemente relatado para papagaios, periquitos e afins (Psittacidae). As hipótese que explicam este comportamento seria uma tentativa de desintoxicação ou para o fornecimento de minerais essenciais. Nós documentamos esse comportamento em Tiriba‐de‐pfrimer (Pyrrhura pfrimeri), espécie ameaçada de extinção que habita as Matas Secas da porção central do Brasil. Entre 2012 e 2014 foram observados quatro casos de geofagia para a espécie nos estados de Tocantins e Goiás. Todas as observações ocorreu próximo de córregos e as aves foram registradas raspando paredes de afloramentos rochosos. Este é o primeiro registro de geofagia para a espécie e amplia a distribuição geográfica deste comportamento para o leste da América do Sul
FLYING STEAMER-DUCK (TACHYERES PATACHONICUS) EGG FOUND IN A KELP GULL (LARUS DOMINICANUS) NEST IN NORTHWESTERN PATAGONIA
Get PDFNo abstract
THE STATUS OF THE HOODED GREBE (PODICEPS GALLARDOI) IN CHILE
No full textoai:ornneo.journals.sfu.ca:article/4The status of the Hooded Grebe in Chile has been uncertain since it was first mentioned for the country 25 years ago. Since the first observation, a new set of records has been published elsewhere, but none of them has comprehensively assessed the status of the species in Chile. These publications hypothesize that the species is either a breeding resident, an occasional visitor, or simply a vagrant in southern Chile. In the present article, I collate and discuss all published (and some unpublished) observations of this critically endangered species in Chile, focusing on the temporal distribution of observations and on habitat characteristics. The distribution of records suggests the existence of two different regions where the Hooded Grebe is observed in Chile. The southern area, at both sides of the Strait of Magellan, includes mainly records of putative vagrants during annual movements, while in the northern area, within Torres del Paine National Park and Puerto Natales, the species seems to be a regular summer resident. So far there are no confirmed breeding records for Chile. Although the present information suggests that the Chilean population is very small and not of great importance for the conservation of species, the northern population could represent the last individuals of the presumably extinct Las Vizcachas Plateau’s population of Argentina
COMPORTAMIENTO DE INCUBACIÓN DE CHORORÓ (TARABA MAJOR) Y CHOCA COMÚN (THAMNOPHILUS CAERULESCENS) EN ARGENTINA
Get PDFRESUMEN ∙ La familia Thamnophilidae agrupa unas doscientas especies de aves paseriformes. Si bien en los últimos años se ha avanzado en el conocimiento de la biología reproductiva de muchas de estas especies, todavía hay algunas para las que ciertos parámetros reproductivos son aún desconocidos. Con el presente trabajo contribuimos al conocimiento de la biología reproductiva del Chororó (Taraba major) y la Choca Común (Thamnophilus caerulescens), aportando principalmente datos sobre su comportamiento de incubación en la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina, en el extremo sur de su distribución. Registramos tamaño de la puesta, duración del período de incubación y otras variables asociadas al comportamiento de incubación utilizando sensores remotos y observaciones directas, y medimos crecimiento de pichones en el nido. En las dos especies los adultos compartieron tareas de incubación, y el porcentaje de atención diario al nido fue elevado en ambas (T. major: 91,46%; T. caerulescens: 92,52%). El patrón de incubación durante las horas de luz resultó diferente entre las especies. Para T. major, con el transcurso del día aumento la duración y disminuyó la cantidad de los eventos de incubación y recesos. En contraposición, para T. caerulescens ambas variables se mantuvieron constantes a lo largo del día. Los datos aportados por este trabajo enriquecen el conocimiento de la biología reproductiva de especies de tamnofílidos poco estudiadas, y sirven de base para investigar respecto a los factores que moldean los comportamientos de cuidado parental en estas aves. ABSTRACT ∙ Incubation behavior of Great Antshrike (Taraba major) and Variable Antshrike (Thamnophilus caerulescens) in Argentina The Thamnophilidae family comprises approximately 200 species of passeriforme birds. Even though in the last years there has been advancement in the knowledge of the reproductive biology of many of those species, there are still species for which several reproductive parameters are unknown. With this work we contribute to the knowledge of the reproductive biology of the Great Antshrike (Taraba major) and the Variable Antshrike (Thamnophilus caerulescens) mainly providing data on their incubation behavior in the province of Córdoba, Argentina, corresponding to their southernmost distribution. We recorded clutch size, total duration of the incubation period, and other variables associated with incubation behavior by means of remote sensors and direct observations. In both species, adults shared incubation duties and nest attentiveness was high (T. major: 91.46%; T. caerulescens: 92.52%). The pattern of incubation for daylight hours was different between the species. In the case of T. major, the duration of on and off bouts increased during the course of the day, and the number of bouts decreased. In contrast, for T. caerulescens both variables remained constant throughout the day. The data provided in this study enriches our knowledge of the reproductive biology of understudied Thamnophilidae species, and are useful as baseline information to investigate the factors that shape parental care behaviors in these birds.
LA CONDUCTA TERRITORIAL DEL ZAFIRO OREJA BLANCA (HYLOCHARIS LEUCOTIS) ES AFECTADA POR LA DISPONIBILIDAD DE ENERGÍA
Get PDFWhite-eared Hummingbird (Hylocharis leucotis) territorial behavior is affected by energy availability. – Territoriality is a costly-foraging strategy. As a result, territorial animals must ensure that the energy within their territories is sufficient to support the costs of its defense. Hummingbirds are territorial and depend on nectar-containing flowers as their main energy source. In this study, we hypothesized that White-eared hummingbirds (Hylocharis leucotis), depending on the amount of energy (nectar) available in the environment, modify four aspects of their behavior (i.e., time spent for perching, foraging, and actively and passively defending territory), as well as territory size and response to intrusions into their territory. We monitored 30 individual territories during the winter flowering season at El Chico National Park, Mexico, and did not detect a significant effect of the energy available on time spent for perching or foraging, respectively. However, White-eared hummingbirds invested significantly more time in active and passive defense when the intrusion pressure was higher, and successful intrusions increased when the territories were bigger. Moreover, although territory size increased or decreased, a similar amount of energy therein was maintained throughout the duration of the study. Our results indicate that in this hummingbird species energy availability determines the size of their territories and the time spent on its defense
NOTAS SOBRE LA ANIDACIÓN DEL BIENPARADO COMÚN (NYCTIBIUS GRISEUS) EN EL VALLE GEOGRÁFICO DEL RIO CAUCA (CALI, COLOMBIA)
Get PDFRESUMEN ∙ El Bienparado Común (Nyctibius griseus) habita desde el oeste de México hasta el norte de Argentina y Uruguay. A pesar de ser una especie común, la información existente sobre su historia natural es muy poca, especialmente sobre su comportamiento reproductivo. En este trabajo proveemos información detallada sobre su biología reproductiva basada en cuatro nidos monitoreados en Cali (Valle geográfico del Rio Cauca, Colombia). Los nidos eran concavidades en la parte superior de ramas truncadas, en cada una de las cuales se encontró un huevo blanco con manchas lila y marrón claro, distribuidas en toda la superficie. Durante la incubación, los padres permanecieron en el nido todo el día hasta las 18:34 ± 00:06 h (rango = 18:24–18:53 h), momento en el cual los adultos dejan desatendido el nido hasta el inicio de la sesión de incubación nocturna, la cual empezó a las 19:08 ± 00:07 h (rango = 19:00–19:15 h). El porcentaje de atención al nido fue de 95,03 ± 0,98% (n = 1 nido). El tiempo de permanencia del polluelo en el nido fue 46 días (n = 1 nido), con una tasa específica de crecimiento (K) de 0,124. La forma del nido, coloración del huevo y cuidado parental registrados aquí concuerdan con reportes previos para esta y otras especies del género. Sin embargo, la atención al nido y la tasa de crecimiento de los polluelos fueron mayores que la registrada en otros estudios.ABSTRACT ∙ Notes on the nesting of Common Potoo (Nyctibius griseus) in the valley of Rio Cauca (Cali, Colombia) Thee Common Potoo (N. griseus) is distributed from west Mexico to northern Argentina and Uruguay. Despite its wide distribution, information regarding its natural history is sparse, in particular concerning its nesting behavior. In this study, we present detailed breeding biology information based on four nests monitored in Cali, Colombia (Río Cauca valley). Nests were concavities on the top of truncated branches where one white egg with lilac and light brown speckles distributed over the entire surface was laid. Based on nest temperature loggers the parents incubated continuously through the day. The first foraging trip in the evening at 18:34 ± 00:06 h (range = 18:24–18:53 h) interrupted incubation until the start of the nocturnal incubation shift at 19:08 ± 00:07 h (range = 19:00–19:15 h). Nest attentiveness was 95.03 ± 0.98% (n = 1 nest). The nestling period lasted 46 days (n = 1 nest), and nestling growth rate (K) was 0.124. Nest shape, egg coloration, and parental care recorded in our study were consistent with previous reports for N. griseus and other species of the genus. However, nest attentiveness and growth rate of nestlings were higher compared with other studies
MOVIMIENTOS POSTREPRODUCTIVOS DE CORMORANES IMPERIALES (PHALACROCRAX ATRICEPS) ANILLADOS EN LA PATAGONIA ARGENTINA
Get PDFPostbreeding movements of ringed Imperial Cormorants (Phalacrocorax atriceps) in Patagonia, Argentina. – Very little is known about the movements of Imperial Cormorants (Phalacrocorax atriceps) during the postbreeding season in Patagonia. Here I use ringing to study the movements of Imperial Cormorants breeding on islands in the north of San Jorge Gulf, Chubut, Argentina. Between 1989 and 1993, 1706 Imperial Cormorants were ringed on Isabel, Galiano and Puente Islands. A total of 34 rings were recovered from dead cormorants while 4 ringed individuals were resighted. Recovery rates did not differ significantly between adults (2.2%) and juveniles (1.9%). Most (65%) recoveries and resightings were made north of the ringing sites near Península Valdés. On average cormorants were recovered or resighted 304 km away from the ringing site, with a maximum distance of 660 km. An individual ringed as an adult (> 2 years old) in the year 1990 was recovered dead at the end of the year 1999 indicating that it lived at least 12 years. Monthly recovery/resighting distances followed a bimodal distribution. This observation agrees with a pattern of northward movements after breeding (late summer) and southwards at the end of winter
DOMESTIC FOWL IN THE DIET OF THE BLACK‐AND‐CHESTNUT EAGLE (SPIZAETUS ISIDORI) IN THE EASTERN ANDES OF COLOMBIA: A POTENTIAL CONFLICT WITH HUMANS?
Get PDFABSTRACT ∙ Large birds of prey, such as the Black‐and‐chestnut Eagle (Spizaetus isidori), are among the most threatened species, due to their high habitat requirements as top predators. In order to develop effective conservation plans for this group, more detailed knowledge of the different aspects of their biology and interaction with human communities is required. We evaluated the nestling diet of the Black‐and‐chestnut Eagle for three breeding periods using three different methods in the rural area of Gachalá‐Cundinamarca, on the eastern slope of the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia. In addition, we surveyed people living in the study area to assess the existence of potential eagle‐ human conflicts. Of the eight taxa recorded as prey, the Andean Guan (Penelope montagnii) was the most frequent (40%), while the House Chicken (Gallus gallus) contributed the greatest biomass (47%). Our surveys reveal an estimated yearly loss of one to two domestic fowl individuals per household, with 57% of owners surveyed claimed to have suffered losses. According to the survey results, inhabitants would prefer not to have the eagle breeding close to their houses (< 10 km), and would consider killing eagles if they preyed upon more than five domestic fowl individuals a year. To reduce the threat and the current human‐eagle conflict in the area, it is important to consider “win‐win” strategies, some of which are already being studied in the area, such as birdwatching initiatives.RESUMEN ∙ Depredación de aves de corral por el Águila Crestada (Spizaetus isidori): ¿un potencial conflicto con humanos?Especies de grandes rapaces como el Águila Crestada (Spizaetus isidori), se encuentran dentro de las especies con mayores amenazas en términos poblacionales debido a los altos requerimientos de hábitat que presentan en su función de depredadores tope. Para elaborar planes efectivos de conservación en este grupo se requiere de un cono‐ cimiento más detallado de diferentes aspectos de su biología y de su interacción con las comunidades humanas. Por medio del seguimiento a dos nidos de una pareja reproductiva de Águila Crestada evaluamos la dieta aportada por los adultos al pichón, durante tres periodos reproductivos utilizando tres metodologías diferentes, en la zona rural del municipio de Gachalá‐Cundinamarca, flanco oriental de la Cordillera Oriental de Colombia. Asimismo, realizamos encuestas a habitantes de la zona para evaluar el potencial conflicto reportado entre pobladores y águilas. De los ocho taxa que registramos como presas, la Pava Andina (Penelope montagnii) fue la presa más frecuente (40%), mientras que la Gallina (Gallus gallus) presento la mayor contribución de biomasa (47%). Cincuenta y siete por ciento de los encuestados dicen haber sufrido pérdidas anuales de gallinas, entre 1 y 2 por casa. Según la encuesta realizada, los residentes prefieren no tener la especie cerca de sus viviendas (< 10 km), y considerarían cazar las águilas si estas capturan más de 5 aves de corral al año. Con el ánimo de mitigar el conflicto que se presenta entre el águila y las personas, es importante considerar algunas opciones bajo un esquema de resolución beneficiosa para águilas y humanos, algunas de las cuales ya se están implementando en la zona, como el turismo de observación de aves
THE COLOR OF THE PALATE: AN ADDITIONAL AGEING CRITERION FOR THE WHITE-CRESTED ELAENIA (ELAENIA ALBICEPS)
Get PDFNo abstract
AVIFAUNA DE LOS BOSQUES RIBEREÑOS DE LAS SELVAS PEDEMONTANAS DEL NOROESTE ARGENTINO
Get PDFRESUMEN Los bosques de ribera usualmente hacen referencia a un cuerpo de agua y su bosque asociado, y representan una zona de transición entre el ambiente acuático y el entorno. Estos bosques, constituyen hábitats particulares que proveen sitios de alimentación y reproducción, y rutas de paso para numerosas especies. En general, albergan una rica y abundante fauna en comparación con los ambientes no ribereños circundantes. Las aves constituyen un grupo conspicuo en los bosques de ribera, tanto en regiones templadas como tropicales y frecuentemente los ensambles son diferentes y de mayor riqueza específica que los de áreas vecinas. En este estudio examinamos en detalle la diversidad de los ensambles de aves en seis bosques de ribera de la selva pedemontana del noroeste de la Argentina (Yungas Australes) y comparamos la riqueza y abundancia de las aves entre la temporada seca y húmeda. Encontramos un total de 207 especies de aves. Las especies migratorias latitudinales y altitudinales representaron el 15% y 9% de las especies de aves, respectivamente. Los ensambles de aves entre las temporadas seca y húmeda fueron significativamente diferentes (ANOSIM: R = 0,32, p = 0,02) si bien estas diferencias fueron moderadas. El 30% de las 56 especies que más contribuyeron a esta diferenciación fueron aves migratorias. El gremio trófico más representativo fue el de las aves insectívoras, seguido de las granívoras. Los bosques de ribera estuvieron dominados por especies de aves que típicamente habitan bosques maduros de las Yungas Australes. Registramos una especie clasificada globalmente como “Casi Amenazada” y cuatro especies consideradas Amenazadas a escala nacional. Este trabajo resalta la importancia de los bosques de ribera en su rol como refugio tanto para las especies de aves migratorias como residentes, contribuyendo a la diversidad regional. ABSTRACT ∙ Bird assemblages of riparian forests of premontane forests in northwestern ArgentinaRiparian forests usually refer to a water‐body and its associated forest, and represent a transitional zone between the aquatic environment and the surrounding area. These forests are singular habitats that provide feeding and breeding sites as well as migration routes for many species. Usually, the fauna found in riparian forests is more diverse and abundant than in surrounding, non‐riparian habitats. Birds are a conspicuous group in riparian forests, both in temperate and tropical regions, and they often form very distinctive assemblages compared to neighboring areas. In this study, we examined in detail the diversity of bird assemblages at six riparian forests within the piedmont of a subtropical montane forest from NW Argentina (Southern Yungas), assessing their richness and abundance in the wet and dry seasons. We found a total of 207 bird species. Latitudinal and altitudinal migrants represented 15% and 9% of species, respectively. Birds assemblages in the wet and dry seasons were significantly different (ANOSIM: R = 0.32, p = 0.02) although differences were relatively small. Thirty percent of the 56 species that contribute most to this difference were migratory birds. Insectivorous birds, followed by granivorous birds, were the best represented trophic guilds. Riparian forests were dominated by bird species that typically occur in undisturbed, mature forests of the Southern Yungas. We recorded one species classified as “Near Threatened” at a global scale, and four species considered “Threatened” at a national scale. This study points out the importance of riparian forests as refuges for migratory as well as resident bird species, which can be crucial for the maintenance of the regional bird diversity