Indonesian Journal of Health Administration
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DIFFERENCES IN PARENTS' READINESS TO ACCEPT CHILDREN'S COVID-19 VACCINATION IN PATI REGENCY
Full text linkBackground: The coverage of COVID-19 vaccination for children in Pati Regency was still low at 37% in February 2022 compared to the 75% target. Some preliminary studies in Kudus showed that parents who received socialization about children's COVID-19 vaccination experienced concerns affecting their responses negatively to the program.
Aims: This study aims to analyze differences in parental acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccination for children in Pati Regency.
Methods: This study was quantitative research with a cross-sectional approach. The variables consisted of 7Cs components (Confidence, Complacency, Constraints, Calculation, Collective Responsibility, Compliance, Conspiracy) and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination. The total sample of respondents was 372 parents divided into two independent groups obtained by cluster and proportional sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire via Google Forms and analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test.
Results: The results showed differences in parental acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination (sig = 0.006) regarding constraints (sig = 0.000), collective responsibility (sig = 0.012), compliance (sig = 0.012), confidence (sig = 0.019), complacency (sig = 0.020), calculation (sig = 0.027), and conspiracy (sig = 0.037).
Conclusion: Some differences were found between parents whose children received the vaccine and those whose children did not receive the COVID-19 vaccine. Parents whose children received the COVID-19 vaccine were likely to have a good perception of the COVID-19 vaccination. Meanwhile, parents whose children did not get vaccinated would likely have a bad perception. Educational and consulting services possibly increase vaccination coverage.
Keywords: COVID-19 vaccination for children; different acceptance; 7Cs component
A LONG AND WINDING ROAD OF THE TOBACCO-FREE AREAS IMPLEMENTATION IN SEMARANG
Full text linkBackground: The Tobacco-Free Areas (TFA) policy is an effective way to control the negative effects of smoking on the community, especially passive smokers. Semarang has had a TFA policy since 2013. However, some people still smoke freely in some areas, such as workplaces, kindergartens, and other public places.
Aims: Identifying the implementation of Semarang City Local Government Regulation Number 3 of 2013 concerning Tobacco-Free Areas.
Methods: This was qualitative research using the case study method. Data were collected using in-depth interviews with some key informants according to the inclusion criteria. Triangulation was conducted through observation and in-depth interviews with some informants. Data were analyzed using content analysis.
Results: Some violations still occurred, mostly at the workplace and educational places, including government offices and schools. Violations happened due to inadequate support of the office's heads, insufficient workers and the society's awareness, policy rejection, inadequate financial support, lack of media exposure, and obscurity of the regulation articles, which led to misinterpretation. For example, Article 7, verse 3 states that the TFA regulation will be regulated by the mayor's decree. This statement weakens the regulation itself since the mayor's decree is not as strong as the local regulation.
Conclusion: The implementation of Semarang City Local Government Regulation Number 3 of 2013 concerning Tobacco-Free Areas has not been carried out properly in all of the TFA areas. Violations were still found in many areas.
Keywords: regulation, secondhand smokers, smoking, tobacco-free area
VACCINATION ATTITUDE AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS AT THE EARLY PHASE OF COVID-19 IN MALAYSIA
Full text linkBackground: Healthcare workers' (HCWs) vaccination hesitancy during a pandemic can be problematic for the health system as these workers need to be fully vaccinated.
Aims: This study aimed to determine the level of vaccine hesitancy and its associated factors among HCWs at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among randomly selected HCWs of a tertiary hospital in the state of Selangor, Malaysia, using an online questionnaire. The questions were designed to collect information on HCWs' sociodemographic and health status and attitude towards vaccination. Higher scores for the four scales on attitude towards vaccination denote a higher level of vaccine hesitancy.
Results: Of the 380 respondents (98% response rate), the overall score depicted low vaccine hesitancy despite the scores being slightly higher on worrying over unforeseen future effects and concerns about commercial profiteering. Women demonstrated a lower preference for natural immunity compared to men.
Conclusion: In the context of this study, vaccine hesitancy among HCWs was low, which may indicate good acceptance. However, concerns about unforeseen future effects and commercial profiteering need to be addressed, and health education and promotion activities on the male workers in terms of preference for natural immunity need to be enhanced.
Keywords: attitude, COVID-19, healthcare workers, vaccine hesitanc
ENVISIONING HEALTHCARE SERVICE QUALITY, SAFETY AND EQUITY: FROM PUBLIC HEALTH CENTRE TO MILITARY HOSPITAL
Full text linkThe Indonesian Journal of Health Administration Volume 11 No.1 (2023) has been published. This edition covers a wide range of main topics, including enhancing healthcare management, expediting Covid-19 vaccination efforts, and improving public health programs within the community. Healthcare sustainability is expected to help accomplish the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) by 2030. Gupta et al. discuss environmental sustainability in healthcare using elicitation techniques and found that the hospital in India tends to utilize natural resource optimally to minimize the usage of electricity and water, install a waste treatment plant, and be accredited by a quality assurance body to assure them prioritize the sustainability in healthcare services. Regarding healthcare service equity, Suar analyzed the implementation of social inclusion in military hospitals in Indonesia. This study revealed that patients from particular groups received exclusive care compared to other National Health Insurance or Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) program members. However, it contrasts with the Indonesian government's commitment to offer its citizens equitable and inclusive healthcare
DO ANTI-SMOKING ADVERTISEMENTS INFLUENCE STUDENTS TO QUIT SMOKING?
Full text linkBackground: The prevalence of adolescent smoking in Indonesia increased from 2013 to 2018.
Aims: This study examines the influence of pro and anti-cigarette advertising on students' smoking cessation.
Methods: The study uses the Global Youth Tobacco Survey Indonesia 2019 data. The sample was students aged 13-15 years who had smoked. The dependent variable is quitting smoking, and the independent variables are pro-cigarette and anti-smoking ads: chi-square and logistic regression tests with a 95% confidence interval and a p-value of 0.05.
Results: The total sample was 1023 students, and 79.32% wanted to quit smoking. In the anti-smoking ads variables: anti-smoking messages in various media (OR=1.63, 95% CI=1.14-2.34); pictorial health warnings (PHW) on cigarette packs (OR=3.46, 95% CI=2.40-4.97); feeling afraid when seeing health warnings on packaged cigarettes (OR=3.03, 95% CI=2.16-4.26); education about harmful of cigarette consumption (OR=1.40, 95% CI=1.00 – 1.96) had a significant association to quit smoking. The most dominant factor in multivariate analysis was pictorial health warnings on cigarette packs (OR=2.53, 95% CI=1.67-3.81).
Conclusion: Most student smokers express a desire to quit smoking. Pictorial health warnings are significantly associated with quitting smoking among students.
Keywords: cigarette ads, GYTS, pictorial health warning, student
OVERVIEW OF MEDICATION ERROR INCIDENCE IN HOSPITALS IN VARIOUS COUNTRIES: LITERATURE REVIEW
Full text linkBackground: Medication error is one of the most common types of errors contributing to patient safety incidents in hospitals. In addition to their numerous cases and high costs, medication errors also contribute to deaths in various countries.
Aims: This study describes the incidence of medication errors in hospitals in various countries, determines the phase of errors that occurred the most, and describes preventive strategies for medication errors in hospitals.
Methods: This study was conducted between April 2021-July 2021 using the literature review method. Data were retrieved from ProQuest, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Garuda RistekBRIN. The data are generalized and extracted in a table based on the incidence of medication errors and preventive strategies.
Results: Of the eleven included studies, the incidence of medication errors in one study conducted in Nigeria was the highest (80%). Four of the eleven studies were conducted in India with varying incidence rates. Most errors occurred during the prescribing stage. The number of reports and the number of events actually have no relevance. It can be said that countries with a high number of reporting have good reporting indicators. Strategies for preventing medication errors include the implementation of an information system in the CPOE (Computerized Physician Order Entry) form and providing training for staff.
Conclusion: The difference in the incidence of medication errors in developing and developed economies can be attributed to factors in the healthcare system and the lower prescribing ratio and nurse ratio in developing countries.
Keywords: literature review, medication errors, patient safet
WILLINGNESS TO ACCEPT AND SATISFACTION OF COVID-19 VACCINE IN EAST JAVA CULTURAL AREAS
Full text linkBackground: Vaccinations are considered to be most effective solution to end a pandemic. Various issues develop inclusively regarding doubts about vaccines, which can be formed by various factors, such as social and cultural environment.
Aims: This study aims to analyze factors that affect willingness to accept (WTA) COVID-19 vaccine in four dominant cultural areas in East Java (Arek, Madura, Mataraman and Pandalungan) and analyze what factors influence satisfaction of vaccination.
Methods: This is quantitative research which analyzes 825 participants (40% men; 60% women). By using primary data the probit regression method is applied. We use dummy variables of WTA and level of satisfaction as dependent variables, while the independent variables include economic, health, socio-demographic and internal-external factors of vaccination program.
Results: This research showed different results in each cultural area; WTA of vaccines was influenced by income, assets, employment, health, education, gender, and age, while satisfaction with vaccines is associated with side effects, type of vaccine, and time of service (AOR: 0.31 to 0.56, αlpha: 1%-10%).
Conclusion: This study concludes that people of Arek and Mataraman tend to be willing and satisfied with vaccination, while Madura and Pandalungan show an opposite result due to lower accessibility, welfare, and culture.
Keywords: COVID-19, East Java cultural areas, satisfaction, vaccine, willingness to accep
CHALLENGES AND POLICY SUPPORTS IN INDONESIAN PHARMACEUTICAL RAW MATERIALS INDUSTRY
Full text linkBackground: Indonesian pharmaceutical industry is experiencing many challenges, spesficically their raw materials mostly are imported products. Several factors that cause the pharmaceutical raw materials industry to be challenging are lack of mastery of technology, lack of government support, low budget for R&D, high costs of development and time consuming, and low innovation incentives.
Aims: This study aims to conduct a study on the strategies for developing the pharmaceutical raw material industry in Indonesia
Methods: This study employed a qualitative method, the data triangulation gathered from interviews and discussions with several industries and institutions. The study was conducted for six months in 2022.
Results: The policies that are required to be implemented to make the pharmaceutical raw materials industry thrive are (i) the presence of a clear grand strategy, (ii) determining the priority of pharmaceutical raw materials based on industrial needs, (iii) protecting domestic products, (iv) increasing health spending, (v) strengthening basic chemical product, and (vi) increasing the budget for R&D.
Conclusion: Some policies that can be enhanced include providing incentives and policies that favor the local pharmaceutical raw material industry, ranging from regulated prices, putting an end to dependence on imported products, tax incentives, domestic products protection through import tariff policies, energy subsidies, technology transfers, et cetera.
Keywords: pharmaceutical raw materials, policy, pharmaceutica