OJS (Departemen Teknologi Pertanian Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Hasanuddin)
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Pembuatan Dan Pembagian Kompos Dari Limbah Pertanian Dan Peternakan Di Kelurahan Kadidi, Kecamatan Panca Rijang, Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang
Get PDFPenyakit virus corona 2019 (corona virus disease/COVID-19) sebuah nama baru yang diberikan oleh Wolrd Health Organization (WHO) penyebarannya terjadi secara cepat dan membuat ancaman pandemi baru, lonjakan kasus setiap harinya tidak dapat dihindari. Pandemi covid-19 ini memiliki banyak dampak diantaranya yaitu pada pendidikan dan pertumbuhan ekonomi, sehingga dilaksanakan program kerja “Pembuatan dan Pembagian Pupuk Kompos Dari Limbah Pertanian dan Limbah Peternakan” sekaligus pembagian brosur yang menjelaskan mengenai pengertian, cara pembuatan, serta manfaat kompos. Dengan tujuan program kerja ini yaitu meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap kesehatan lingkungan dengan tidak ketergantungan dalam menggunakan pupuk kimia yang dapat meninggalkan residu pada tanah dan beralih menggunakan pupuk kompos yang baik untuk menigkatkan kesuburan tanah, sekaligus mengurangi pencemaran lingkungan dengan menafaatkan limbah peternakan dan pertanian, serta memperoleh tanaman yang sehat tanpa penggunaan pupuk kimia. Khalayak sasaran dalam kegiatan program kerja pembuatan dan pembagian pupuk kompos ini adalah masyarakat dalam hal ini ibu rumah tangga dan petani yang ada di Kelurahan Macorawalie, Kecamatan Panca Rijang, Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang. Metode pengabdian yang dilakukan dalam kegiatan program kerja ini yaitu pembagian kompos dan brosur yang telah dibuat sebelumnya secara offline (door to door) kepada 32 orang yang ada di Kelurahan Macorawalie, Kecamatan Panca Rijang, Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang
Macromolecular distribution of a mixed system on dodol ulame by Confocal Laser Staining Microscopy (CLSM)
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to learn more about the macromolecular distribution of the food matrix system in the traditional food Dodol Ulame in order to better understand the interactions between starch, fat and sugar. Microstructural stages included dye selection, staining/coloring, material mixing, and observation. The starch was stained with APTS and the fat with Nile red. The starch was stained using the double staining method with covalent labeling. The samples were analyzed with a Zeiss Inverted LSM 800 AXIO Observer equipped with an AXIO cam 503 color camera and an excitation wavelength of 665 nm and 543 nm. The results indicated that GR was polyhedral. Fat and sugar are evenly distributed in the matrix system. Some of the fat interacts with the starch granules to form a coating that prevents the starch from interacting with the sugar and inhibits the imbibition of water into the starch granules at 50 °C and 70°C. Amylose escapes from the granules and reacts with the sugar solution at a higher temperature of 90 °C, while the free fat acts as a lubricant between the particles. This shows how flour, fat and sugar interact to affect the manufacturing process and the final properties of dodol ulame
Valorization of CTC tea waste through kombucha production and insight into GC-MS based metabolomics
Get PDFThis research paper is aimed to deliver a novel approach to prepare a popular probiotic beverage i.e., kombucha from infusion of tea waste to valorize the by-product of tea industry. In this study, a GC-MS based approach in combination with preliminary in vitro biochemical analysis was used to investigate the metabolic profiles, especially the antioxidant compounds produced during the fermentation of waste tea infusion. Waste tea infusion was found to be rich in xanthosine, the precursor of caffeine while the fermented sample was seen to be rich in more bioactive secondary metabolites derived from the substrate compounds i.e., xanthosine and sucrose. In addition, GC-MS based metabolomics helped to propose biosynthesis pathways of the metabolome which suggest the later breakdown of xanthosine and other substrate components into microbial metabolites during fermentation process. These findings are expected to be useful for further studies on production of bioactive formulations from tea waste
Kajian Penggunaan Metode Mean Annual Flood (MAF), Rasional, Der Weduwen Dan Haspers Untuk Menentukan Debit Banjir Pada Sub Das Cikeruh
Get PDFWater is an essential thing for every living creature. However, it can cause several problems, namely floods, droughts, and water pollution. The Cikeruh sub-watershed area is frequently flooded, especially in the Rancaekek and Bojongsoang sub-districts, causing damage to public facilities and infrastructure and property losses. Therefore, a flood discharge analysis is carried out to determine the magnitude of the planned flood discharge in the Cikeruh sub-watershed. This study aims to obtain the deviation of the planned flood discharge value using the Mean Annual Flood method, the Rational method, the Der Weduwen method and the Haspers method with the planned flood discharge with measured data. This study uses a literature study and analyzes the frequency of the maximum precipitation to obtain the planned flood discharge in the Cikeruh sub-watershed. The results of the calculation of precipitation data using the Mean Annual Flood, Rational, Der Weduwen and Haspers methods on the frequency analysis of the measured discharge data is the smallest deviation occurs against the Mean Annual Flood method, which is 20.98% for the 2-year return period, 17.47% for the 5-year return period, 27.22% for 10-year return period, 42.68% for 20-year return period, 62.68% for 50 year return period, and 83.87% for 100 year return period. The results of this study are useful to know the methods that can be used as a reference in calculating the flood discharge plan and taken into consideration in planning the construction of waterworks.Air sangat penting bagi setiap makhluk hidup, tetapi dapat menyebabkan beberapa masalah yaitu banjir, kekeringan dan polusi air. Kawasan Sub DAS Cikeruh sering mengalami banjir terutama daerah kecamatan Rancaekek dan Bojongsoang sehingga merusak sarana dan prasarana umum serta menimbulkan kerugian harta. Dengan demikian, dilakukan analisis debit banjir untuk menentukan besarnya debit banjir rencana di Sub DAS Cikeruh. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memperoleh simpangan nilai debit banjir rencana menggunakan metode Mean Annual Flood, metode Rasional, metode Der Weduwen, dan metode Haspers dengan debit banjir rencana data terukur. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi literatur dan menganalisis frekuensi curah hujan maksimum untuk mendapatkan debit banjir rencana pada Sub DAS Cikeruh. Hasil perhitungan data curah hujan menggunakan metode Mean Annual Flood, Rasional, Der Weduwen, dan Haspers pada analisis frekuensi data debit terukur didapatkan penyimpangan terkecil terjadi terhadap metode Mean Annual Flood yaitu sebesar 20,98% untuk periode ulang 2 tahun, 17,47% untuk periode ulang 5 tahun, 27,22% untuk periode ulang 10 tahun, 42,68% untuk kala ulang 20 tahun, 62,68% untuk periode ulang 50 tahun, dan 83,87% untuk periode ulang 100 tahun. Hasil penelitian ini berguna untuk mengetahui metode yang dapat digunakan sebagai referensi dalam menghitung debit banjir rencana serta menjadi pertimbangan dalam perencanaan pembangunan bangunan air
Estimasi Nilai Evapotranspirasi Potensial dalam Rangka Optimalisasi Pemanfaatan Irigasi Permukaan di Kabupaten Wajo
Get PDFIndonesian government is trying to increase the production of agricultural commodities in order to support the food self-sufficiency program. To support this program, the availability of irrigation facilities is important in supporting the productivity of agricultural field. Climate change and changes in agricultural systems have an impact on changes in the need of irrigation water in crop cultivation. The decreasing availability of water for agriculture encourages us to be able to use water more efficiently, especially for irrigation water. The purpose of this research is to predict the ETp value as a basis for determining plant water requirements, to determine the most suitable ETp model, to validate the prediction results of ETp values using direct measurements in the field, and to obtain information related to climate factors that have the most influence on the ETp rate. The measurement of the ETp value is based on the use of Merra-2 global climate data and climate data from field measurements. ETp models used are Blaney-Criddle, Hargraves, Remanenko, Penman and Penman-Monteith. Research results showed that the ETp rate in Wajo District tended to increase during the July-October period indicating an increase in water demand in crop cultivation. The most influential climate parameter in determining the Penman Monteith ETp rate is solar radiation. The results of the ETp analysis using global data show that the Penman model is the closest model to the Penman Monteith ETp model from field measurements.Pemerintah Indonesia terus berupaya untuk meningkatkan produksi komoditi pertanian dalam rangka mendukung program swasembada pangan. Untuk mendukung program tersebut, ketersediaan sarana irigasi menjadi hal penting dalam menunjang produktivitas lahan pertanian. Perubahan iklim dan perubahan system pertanian berdampak pada perubahan kebutuhan air irigasi dalam budidaya tanaman. Semakin berkurangnya ketersediaan air untuk pertanian mendorong kita untuk dapat lebih mengefisienkan penggunaan air khususnya untuk air irigasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu memprediksi nilai ETp sebagai dasar dalam penentuan kebutuhan air tanaman, menentukan model ETp yang paling sesuai, memvalidasi hasil prediksi nilai ETp dengan hasil pengukuran langsung dilapangan, dan mendapatkan informasi terkait factor iklim yang paling berpengaruh terhadap laju ETp. Pegukuran nilai ETp didasarkan pada penggunaan data iklim global Merra-2 dan data iklim hasil pengukuran lapangan. Model ETp yang digunakan yaitu Blaney-Criddle, Hargraves, Remanenko, Penman dan Penman-Monteith. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai ETp di Kabupaten Wajo cenderung meningkat selama priode bulan Juli-Oktober yang menunjukkan terjadinya peningkatan kebutuhan air dalam budidaya tanaman. Parameter iklim yang paling berpengaruh dalam penentuan laju ETp Penman Monteith yaitu Radiasi Matahari. Hasil analisis ETp dengan menggunakan data global menunjukkan bahwa model Penman merupakan model yang paling mendekati model ETp Penman Monteith hasil pengukuran lapangan
Pembuatan Dan Pembagian Kompos Dari Limbah Pertanian Dan Peternakan Di Kelurahan Kadidi, Kecamatan Panca Rijang, Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang
Get PDFSejak wabah Covid-19 merebak, kegiatan lebih banyak dilakukan di dalam rumah. Mulai dari pekerjaan, hingga aktivitas sehari-hari seperti olahraga dan sekolah kini dilakukan di dalam rumah. Bahkan, tak sedikit dari mereka mengisi waktu kosongnya dengan hobi baru. Hobi baru yang populer selama pandemi Corona salah satunya yaitu becocok tanam. Dalam bercocok tanam tentunya harus memperhatikan media tanam atau tempat tumbuhnya tanaman. Media tanam yang baik yaitu dengan memberikan dosis pupuk organik dalam medianya. Pembuatan pupuk organik dengan memanfaatkan limbah pertanian dan peternakan dapat membantu mendaur ulang limbah-limbah organik. Melalui program kerja ini masyarakat diberikan edukasi berupa brosur mengenai pembuatan pupuk organik dari limbah pertanian dan peternakan. Tujun kegiatan ini yaitu memberikan informasi berupa brosur kepada masyarakat tentang cara mengurangi limbah yang dapat mencemari lingkungan dengan mengkolaborasikan limbah pertanian dan peternakan menjadi pupuk kompos, sehingga dapat bermanfaat pada area pertanian yang dapat menyuburkan tanaman. Metode pengabdian ini yaitu dengan menyebarkan brosur dan produk pupuk organik berupa kompos kepada masyarakat. Kegiatan Kuliah Kerja Nyata Tematik Unhas Gelombang 106 “Penyebaran Brosur Mengenai Manfaat Kompos dan Cara Pembuatannya dari Limbah Pertanian dan Peternakan” ini telah berhasil dilaksanakan. Dimana, hasil luaran yang dicapai yaitu berupa brosur edukasi kepada masyarakat serta produk pupuk kompos
Physicochemical, antioxidant capacity, and sensory properties of bligo juice (Benicasa hispida) with bligo peel extract addition
Get PDFThis study aimed to develop bligo juice as functional food by adding Bligo Peel Extract (BPE) with concentrations of 1%, 2%,and 3%. The characteristics of bligo juice before and after BPE addition were investigated by proximate analysis, examination of total solids, viscosity, vitamin C, and antioxidant capacity, and sensory evaluation. Results showed that BPE addition increased the vitamin C levels, antioxidant activity, carbohydrates, fats, and acceptance of color, flavor, and viscosity of bligo juice but decreased its acceptance of taste and acceptability. The addition of 1% BPE provided the highest acceptance rate compared with other variations. In summary, BPE addition increases the vitamin C, antioxidant activity, and carbohydrate content of bligo juice, thus improving its health benefits
Revisiting how the Javanese traditional food safety practice significantly reduces cyanide concentration of marketed cassava roots
Get PDFDespite being one of the most popular staple foods in Indonesia, cassava roots contain cyanide that can cause death without proper processing. In traditional market, however, the variant of the roots, hence their exact cyanide concentration, is mostly unknown. Despite that, Javanese have successfully been curbing the cassava poisoning risk through generations. To revisit the role of the local food safety practice in reducing the cyanide concentration, this study investigated and simulated how Javanese in Malang Regency, East Java, Indonesia, traditionally prepare cassava roots for consumption. Two commonly marketed roots; white and yellow; were selected and cooked by steaming or roasting. The cyanide concentration of each stage was measured by picric acid method optimized for cassava roots. The analyses demonstrated that 30 min steaming peeled roots, as well as 50 min steaming and 30 min roasting the unpeeled roots reduced the cyanide content to 12-18 ppm, below the Indonesian acceptable limit of 40 ppm. The cooking duration and temperature of 100-230oC together contributed to decrease the cyanide concentration. Our findings concluded that Javanese applied traditional food safety management through the farmers’ preference to cultivate cassava with low cyanide level, the selection of fresh roots, and the cooking methods
RANCANG BANGUN DAN PENGUJIAN ALAT TANAM MURBEI
Get PDFMulberry (Morus Sp.) is widely used in sericulture as silkworms’ fodder. Aside from being a silkworm feed, mulberry plants can also be used as food crops, animal feed and medicine. Mulberry plant breeding can be done by two methods, generative method (through seeds) and vegetative method (part of the plant itself). Vegetative seedlings methods have been done by many silk farmers. Vegetative techniques are relatively easier to do and quickly get leaf production. Vegetative techniques that are mostly used is stake. In mulberry cultivation, one of the processes that consumes a lot of energy is the planting process. Planting mulberry stake is still done manually. In this study planter will be designed which are expected to increase the capacity and efficiency of planting. The design process includes a preliminary study in the form of a study of material characteristics to determine design criteria. After that, the selection of components and mechanisms is carried out, followed by making drawings and prototypes. Planter prototypes tested with static test to evaluate the function of metering device. The Result obtained collecting function error is 0.5 % with one case where metering device fail to collect and zero case of more than one stake collected. The average of damaged stake is 2 % but mostly happen in left metering device with 4 %. The number indicates that modification is needed.Tanaman murbei (Morus Sp.) banyak digunakan dalam serikultur sebagai pakan ulat sutera. Selain sebagai pakan ulat sutera, tanaman murbei juga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai tanaman pangan, pakan ternak dan obat-obatan. Pengembangbiakan tanaman murbei dapat dilakukan dengan dua cara, yaitu cara generatif (melalui biji) dan cara vegetatif (bagian dari tanaman itu sendiri). Metode pembibitan vegetatif telah banyak dilakukan oleh petani sutra. Teknik vegetatif relatif lebih mudah dilakukan serta lebih cepat untuk berproduksi. Teknik vegetatif yang banyak digunakan adalah stek. Dalam budidaya tanaman murbei, salah satu proses yang memakan banyak energi adalah pada proses penanaman. Penanaman stek murbei masih dilakukan secara manual. Pada penelitian ini akan dirancang alat tanam yang diharapkan mampu meningkatkan kapasitas dan efisiensi pada proses penanaman. Proses desain meliputi studi pendahuluan berupa studi karakteristik material untuk menentukan kriteria desain. Setelah itu dilakukan pemilihan komponen dan mekanisme, dilanjutkan dengan pembuatan gambar dan prototipe. Prototipe alat tanam diuji dengan uji statis untuk mengevaluasi fungsi penjatah. Dari hasil pengujian didapatkan persentase kegagalan kerja penjatah adalah 0,5% dimana terjadi pengambilan lebih dari satu stek dan tidak ditemukan kasus dimana stek tidak terambil oleh penjatah . Rata-rata stek yang rusak adalah 2% dan paling banyak terjadi pada penjatah kiri dengan tingkat kerusakan 4%. Angka tersebut menunjukkan bahwa perlu untuk dilakukan modifikasi
Effect of chlorophyll in alginate-based edible film in inhibiting spoilage of fish snacks
Get PDFEdible films are environmentally biodegradable materials used for food packaging. The edible green alga Caulerpa racemosa has antimicrobial properties; however, its chlorophyll-based bioactive compounds can be damaged when heated so it is prepared in microcapsules. Our research evaluated the effect of Caulerpa microcapsules on an alginate-based edible film on film properties and food spoilage. The microcapsules were used at concentrations of 0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%. The edible film was measured for film properties, total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity (DPPH), functional group (FTIR) and microstructure (SEM). Food spoilage was evaluated on a popular fish-based product (fish bubble snacks). Bacterial strains of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were used to evaluate antimicrobial effectiveness of the edible films. The addition of Caulerpa microcapsules had no significant negative effect on physical properties of the alginate-based film, while the smoother and more homogenous surface should enhance the barrier properties of the film. The slow and evenly distributed release of active compounds from the microcapsules increased resistance to Rhizopus sp. and significantly reduced the proliferation of E. coli but not S. aureus on coated fish snacks. Caulerpa racemosa can be used to enhance the effectiveness of alginate-based films in delaying spoilage and could extend product shelf-lif