E-Journal Center for Plant Conservation Botanic Gardens-LIPI (Indonesian Institute of Sciences / Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia)
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PERBANYAKAN Dimorphanthera seramica Argent & Warwick (ERICACEAE) DENGAN SETEK BATANG DI KEBUN RAYA BALI
Full text linkDimorphanthera seramica Argent & Warwick is an endemic plant from mountainous region of Seram Island with only one individual is being ex situ conserved in Bali Botanical Garden. It has a potential candidate for future ornamental plant. Plant propagation using available propagules form a plant collection is crucial for its conservation and further development. Propagation by seeds so far is impossible, but by its natural properties of having multiple branches makes it possible to propagate by stem cuttings. This experiment aims to test the possibility of propagation by stem cuttings for D. seramica. We tested 4 combination of substrates (charcoal, cocopeat, carbonized rice husk, and humus), plastic cover sheet (with and without), and type of stem cuttings (terminal and sub-terminal). As many as 16 combination of treatments with 5 replications resulted a total of 80 experimental units arranged in a completely randomized design. This experiment was carried out for 6 months and by the end of the period stem cutting success rate was determined. Results showed that on average the rate was 42% (35–45%). Substrates showed no significance, whereas application of plastic sheet cover increased success rate up to fourfold and terminal stem cuttings yielded success rate up to trifold compared to that of sub-terminal. This experiment showed that D. seramica could be easily propagated by stem cuttings.Dimorphanthera seramica Argent & Warwick merupakan tumbuhan endemik di kawasan pegunungan Pulau Seram dan sejauh ini hanya ada satu individu yang dikonservasi secara eks situ di Kebun Raya Bali. Jenis ini berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai tanaman hias. Perbanyakan tanaman dengan bahan tanam dari tanaman induk menjadi suatu poin penting dalam usaha konservasi maupun pengembangan suatu jenis koleksi tumbuhan. Perbanyakan D. seramica dengan biji sulit dilakukan, namun dengan sifat alamiah jenis ini yang memiliki banyak cabang memungkinkan perbanyakan secara vegetatif dengan setek batang. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menguji metode perbanyakan vegetatif dengan setek batang pada D. seramica. Percobaan terdiri atas tiga faktor, yaitu: campuran media tanam (arang, cocopeat, sekam, dan humus), sungkup plastik (dengan dan tanpa), serta tipe bahan setek (terminal dan sub-terminal). Secara keseluruhan terdapat 16 kombinasi perlakuan dengan lima ulangan, sehingga terdapat 80 unit percobaan, disusun dalam rancangan acak lengkap. Percobaan dilakukan selama enam bulan dan pada akhir periode ditentukan persentase keberhasilan setek. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan rata-rata persentase keberhasilan setek dari seluruh unit mencapai 42% (35–45%). Media tanam tidak berpengaruh terhadap persentase keberhasilan setek, pemberian sungkup meningkatkan keberhasilan setek hingga empat kali lipat, dan setek terminal meningkatkan keberhasilan setek hingga tiga kali lipat. Percobaan ini menunjukkan bahwa D. seramica cukup mudah diperbanyak secara vegetatif dengan setek batang
Analisis Penggunaan Metode Barcode Printing dalam Pembuatan Papan Nama Koleksi di Kebun Raya Purwodadi
Full text linkPlant record has been maintained by Purwodadi Botanical Garden since it was established in 1941. The plant label played an important role to locate the species maintained in the garden, and help to educate visitor through information hold by them. The plant labels in Purwodadi Botanic Garden are produced by plant registration department. To 2007, metal plate with handwriting were used for all types of collection. Although metal plate is proven to be durable and poses more artistic value, the label considered expensive and time consuming in the making. Later to this days, printed banner and sticker are employed for its economical and practical use. However this method has short-live compare to the former one. Considering more plants hold in collection, more efficient method is required. Recent innovation on barcode printing application appear to be more prospective and today being developed in Purwodadi Botanic Garden.The botanical garden is an ex-situ conservation area that has documented plant collections. Each collection of plants has a label as an identity and as a differentiator from other conservation areas. Purwodadi Botanical Garden uses some methods to produce plant labels, namely handwritten method, banner printing method, and sticker printing method. Purwodadi Botanical Garden continues to innovate to find more effective and efficient methods. The barcode printing method is an innovation in plant label making which has some advantages, there are low prices, fast time, and load more information. This method is still under testing to see durability
RAGAM BAMBU DAN KAYU KENTONGAN: SEBUAH KAJIAN ETNOBOTANI DI JAWA, BALI, DAN LOMBOK
Full text linkKentongan is known as a traditional communication tool which is made from bamboo and wood. Even though information and technology rapidly developed nowadays, kentongan is still well-known and used by some Indonesian people. An ethnobotanical study was conducted to examine local wisdom of the community regarding kentongan more deeply. Randomly selected interviewer method is used to observe several areas in Indonesia. The data were analyzed by descriptive qualitative. The results found that various bamboo and wood are used namely, ori bamboo (Bambusa blumeana Schult.f.), petung bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper (Schult.) Backer), apus bamboo (Gigantochloa apus (Schult.) Kurz)), wulung bamboo (G. atroviolacea Widjaja), jackfruit wood (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.), teak wood (Tectona grandis L.f.), coconut wood (Cocos nucifera L.), mahagoni wood (Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq.), and sengon wood (Albizia chinensis (Osbeck) Merr.). The Kentongan vary in size as well as in shape. Social and religious values of kentongan are in line with current development as well as conservation of its raw material and also can preserve cultural value. Therefore, kentongan is still needed for sustainability and regulation in living together among communities.Kentongan dikenal sebagai salah satu alat komunikasi tradisional yang memanfaatkan bambu dan kayu. Sebagian masyarakat Indonesia masih mengenal dan menggunakan kentongan di tengah pesatnya perkembangan teknologi dan informasi seperti saat ini. Studi etnobotani dilakukan untuk mengkaji lebih mendalam tentang kearifan lokal masyarakat mengenai kentongan. Metode yang digunakan berupa observasi di beberapa wilayah di Indonesia dan wawancara secara acak terpilih. Data yang dikumpulkan dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil kajian diperoleh data keanekaragaman jenis bambu dan kayu kentongan yaitu bambu ori (Bambusa blumeana Schult.f.), bambu petung (Dendrocalamus asper (Schult.) Backer), bambu apus (Gigantochloa apus (Schult.) Kurz), bambu wulung (G. atroviolacea Widjaja), kayu nangka (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.), kayu jati (Tectona grandis L.f.), kayu kelapa (Cocos nucifera L.), kayu mahoni (Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq.), dan kayu sengon (Albizia chinensis (Osbeck) Merr.). Ukuran dan bentuk fisik kentongan bervariasi. Nilai-nilai sosial dan religius kentongan sejalan dengan perkembangan zaman, serta penyelamatan nilai budaya dan konservasi keanekaragaman hayati bahan baku kentongan agar tidak terkikis perubahan zaman. Dengan demikian, masyarakat masih menggunakan kentongan secara lestari untuk mengatur pola hidup kebersamaan dalam masyarakat
REVEGETATION OF PEATLANDS IN WEST KALIMANTAN WITH SUPERIOR COMMODITIES
Full text linkEfforts to improve peatland can be carried out through restoration activities. This study evaluates the growth of four types of plants used in revegetation activities on deep peatland in Kubu Raya District. The study of the combination pattern of woody species and non-timber producers on peatland was compiled using a completely randomized block design (RCBD) consisting of 12 plant plots, four replications, each plot consisting of 100 plants with a spacing of 4 m x 3 m. Plant seeds come from cabutan (pulled out seed), kept and maintained in the community's seedlings in Central Kalimantan Province. The planting hole is made with 30 cm x 30 cm x 30 cm, then given 3 kg of manure/hole and 200 gr of agricultural lime per planting hole. The parameters measured were plant height and diameter. Measurement data were analyzed using a diversity test (ANOVA) if there were significant differences and then continued with Duncan's post-test. The results of the study showed that: (1) The jelutong plant is the most suitable species to be developed on deep peatlands because it has the fastest growth, and (2) Growth of jengkol and petai still needs to be improved by improving the physical and chemical properties of peat soil
KARAKTERISASI STRUKTUR MORFOLOGI DAN VIABILITAS POLEN DARI LIMA KULTIVAR PISANG KEPOK (Musa paradisiaca L.)
Full text linkKepok bananas (Musa paradisiaca L.) have a variety of cultivars, but have different in genomes. These differences provided variant in morphological structure and pollen viability in any cultivar of kepok banana. This research aimed to obtain information related to differences of morphological structure character and the viability of pollen in five kepok banana cultivars. Exploration method is used in order to obtain plant materials from residents’ yard in Bandar Lampung City, Pesawaran dan Lampung Selatan Regency, Lampung Province. Five kepok banana cultivars were considered as treatments and three bananas’ flower from different plants were considered as replications. Acetolysis method was applied for preparation of pollen morphology and staining method is used to determine the viability of pollen. The results showed that the pollen was found in four cultivars, namely kepok abu, kepok kuning, kepok Manado and kepok kapas but none in kepok batu. The highest P/E index was found in kepok abu (0.946) and the lowest P/E index was found in kepok kuning (0.888). Based on the P/E index value of pollen form is subspheroidal and type of apertura is inapertura. The highest pollen viability is found in kepok kapas (44.45%) and the lowest in kepok manado (29.33%). However, the highest pollen viability occurs during the flower bloom. Pollen morphological structure of four kepok banana cultivars have similarity in structure and type of aperture, whereas pollen viability was not significantly different amongst cultivars which was influenced by storage time of flowers.Pisang kepok (Musa paradisiaca L.) memiliki berbagai kultivar dengan genom yang berbeda-beda. Perbedaan genom tersebut memungkinkan munculnya variasi struktur morfologi dan viabilitas polen pada setiap kultivar pisang kepok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi tentang perbedaan karakter struktur morfologi dan viabilitas polen pada lima kultivar pisang kepok. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksplorasi untuk memperoleh bahan tanaman di pekarangan warga Kota Bandar Lampung, Kabupaten Pesawaran dan Lampung Selatan, Provinsi Lampung. Kultivar pisang kepok sebagai perlakuan (lima kultivar) dan tiga bunga pisang dari individu berbeda sebagai ulangan. Pembuatan sediaan morfologi polen menggunakan metode asetolisis, dan metode pewarnaan digunakan untuk mengetahui viabilitas polen. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan empat kultivar yaitu kepok abu, kuning, manado, dan kapas memiliki polen dan satu kultivar yaitu kepok batu tidak memiliki polen. Indeks P/E terbesar terdapat pada kepok abu yaitu sebesar 0,946 dan terkecil terdapat pada pisang kepok kuning sebesar 0,888. Berdasarkan nilai indeks P/E untuk bentuk polen yaitu supbsperoidal dan tipe apertura yang ditemukan adalah inapertura. Viabilitas polen tertinggi terdapat pada pisang kepok kapas (44,45%) dan terendah pada pisang kepok manado (29,33%). Saat bunga mekar merupakan waktu di mana viabilitas polen tertinggi. Struktur morfologi polen dari empat kultivar pisang kepok memiliki struktur bentuk polen dan tipe apertura yang sama, viabilitas polen yang tidak berbeda nyata antar kultivar dan dipengaruhi oleh waktu penyimpanan bunga
Kepel (Stelechocarpus burahol (Blume) Hook & Thompson), Buah Langka Khas Keraton Yogyakarta: Sebuah Koleksi Kebun Raya Purwodadi
Full text linkKepel is a common name for Stelochocarpus burahol, a plant that spreads naturally in Indonesia. It is a member of Annonaceae with fruit the size of a hand or kepel (Javanese) hence it is called kepel. The plant commonly found in the Special Region of Yogyakarta (a territory ruled by the Sultan), and is designated as a Flora of Provincial Identity. In ancient times kepel was considered as a plant of the royal household. Besides its small flesh the fruit was economically less prospective thus not too attractive to locals. Therefore its current population is quite limited and has begun to be rarely found. Recent studies have shown that the species has potential as medicinal plants for its antioxidant, antifungal, and antiseptic properties. This added value is expected to attract people’s interest to put investment on the plant’s potential future use as well as improving its conservation status. Kepel is a plant that spreads naturally in Indonesia, especially in the Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY), so it is designated as a Flora of Provincial Identity. It is a member of Annonaceae with fruit the size of a hand or kepel (Javanese) hence it is called kepel. It is not very attractive for the public since in ancient times it was considered a royal palace plant that was exalted and less prospective economically because of its little flesh. Therefore its current population is quite limited so that it has begun to be rarely found. Recent studies have shown that parts of this plant, such as the fruit and leaves, have antioxidant, antifungal, and antiseptic activities so that they have potential as medicinal plants. Such inherent potential in kepel is expected to increase its usefulness so that its conservation value also increases
PENILAIAN KESEHATAN 12 POHON IKONIS DAN BERNILAI SEJARAH DI KEBUN RAYA BOGOR
Full text linkEx situ conservation is one of the efforts to overcome the threat and extinction of plant species in their natural habitats. Bogor Botanic Gardens is an ex situ conservation institution with iconic and historical value tree collections that need to be preserved. Tree health assessment is a technique for identifying tree health, providing recommendations, and mitigating its handling. This study aimed to assess the health of 12 iconic and heritage trees from the Bogor Botanic Gardens collection. The field survey used the purposive sampling method on trees categorized as iconic and heritage trees. The tree health assessment technique is carried out using two ways, namely visually (Forest Health Monitoring) and sound wave technology sonic tomography to detect the level of weathering of the trunk. The results showed that the health status of iconic and heritage trees was in the healthy category (67%), mild damage class (25%), moderate damage class (8%) with an average t/R ratio of 0.82. All trees were categorized as safe, except for Koompassia excelsa, dangerous (t/R ratio 0.28). Recommendations for handling iconic and heritage trees are routine observations using the visual method (1–2 months) and a sonic tomograph every year.Konservasi ex situ merupakan salah satu upaya untuk mengatasi keterancaman dan kepunahan jenis tumbuhan di habitat alamnya. Kebun Raya Bogor merupakan lembaga konservasi ex situ yang memiliki koleksi pohon ikonis dan bernilai sejarah yang perlu dijaga kelestariannya. Penilaian kesehatan pohon merupakan teknik untuk mengidentifikasi kesehatannya, memberikan rekomendasi, dan mitigasi penanganannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menilai kesehatan 12 pohon ikonis dan bernilai sejarah koleksi Kebun Raya Bogor. Survei lapangan menggunakan metode purposive sampling pada pohon yang dikategorikan sebagai pohon ikonis dan bernilai sejarah. Teknik Penilaian kesehatan pohon dilakukan menggunakan dua cara yaitu secara visual (Forest Health Monitoring) dan teknologi gelombang suara sonic tomograph untuk mendeteksi tingkat pelapukan batang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa status kesehatan pohon ikonis dan bernilai sejarah termasuk kategori sehat (67%), kelas kerusakan ringan (25%), kelas kerusakan sedang (8%) dengan nilai rata-rata t/R ratio sebesar 0,82. Keseluruhan pohon dikategorikan aman, kecuali Koompassia excelsa dalam kondisi berbahaya (t/R ratio 0,28). Rekomendasi penanganan pohon ikonis dan bernilai sejarah adalah pengamatan rutin menggunakan metode visual (durasi 1–2 bulan) dan pengamatan menggunakan Sonic tomograph setiap tahunnya
Typhonodorum lindleyanum Schott: Pisang Air Berdaun Talas, Koleksi Kebun Raya Bogor
Full text linkA giant aquatic arrowhead or water banana is among common name for Typhonodorum lindleyanum Schott. It is a monotypic species which belongs to Araceae family. The species is one of attractive plant which is cultivated at the Bogor Botanic Gardens. It is native to the Comoro Islands, Madagascar, Mauritius and Tanzania, where it grows along water streams banks, lake shores and in swamps. Besides an ornamental plant, a starch from the rhizome of T. lindleyanum is considered an excellent remedy against the bites of venomous animals. Eventhough the tuber and fruit are edible but they have to be threatened well by washing, slicing and boiling it several times, in order to reduce irritating substances, particularly calcium oxalate.A giant aquatic arrowhead or water banana is among common name for Typhonodorum lindleyanum Schott. It is a monotypic species which belongs to Araceae family. The species is one of attractive plant which is cultivated at the Bogor Botanic Gardens. It is native to the Comoro Islands, Madagascar, Mauritius and Tanzania, where it grows along water streams banks, lake shores and in swamps. Besides an ornamental plant, a starch from the rhizome of T. lindleyanum is considered an excellent remedy against the bites of venomous animals. Eventhough the tuber and fruit are edible but they have to be threatened well by washing, slicing and boiling it several times, in order to reduce irritating substances, particularly calcium oxalate