E-Journal Center for Plant Conservation Botanic Gardens-LIPI (Indonesian Institute of Sciences / Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia)
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STUDI KOMPARATIF PERKEMBANGAN BUAH DUA JENIS BELIMBING HUTAN (Averrhoa dolichocarpa Rugayah & Sunarti dan A. leucopetala Rugayah & Sunarti)
Get PDFPapua star-fruit (Averrhoa dolichocarpa Rugayah & Sunarti) and Gorontalo star fruit (A. leucopetala Rugayah & Sunarti), also known as belimbing hutan, are two wild species belong to the star fruit family (Oxalidaceae). Information about both species are very limited. The aim of this study is to document the fruits process from two wild Averrhoa species: A. dolichocarpa and A. leucopetala, and the impact of their environment such as edaphic factors. Research on the fruit Phenological observations of the two species was conducted through at Bogor Botanic Garden. It was started when the flower at the anthesis phase until the fruit was rippen. Observed factors included morphology and other external factors such as insects or animals. The result showed that differences in fruit development between the two species was the time they took to get their fruit ripen: fruit of A. dolichocarpa riped within 39 days after anthesis, while the fruit of A. leucopetala riped within 42 days after anthesis. The results of measurements of fruit length and weight during fruit formation showed similar patterns of development between the two types of forest starfruit observed. The length and weight measurement during the fruit development showed similar patterns. During the anthesis phase there were several insects visiting the flowers, such as Apis cerana, Amegilla sp., Xylocopa caerulea and Trigona sp. The Bogor Botanic Garden’s environment is still very good for the growth and breeding of both species, indicated by their high fruit production
Increased Growth and Production of Shallot Plant (Allium ascalonicum L) with Application of Rhizobacteria
Get PDFThe low production of shallot plants in rainy season can decreased income of farmers. Thus, efforts should be made to increase production in the rainy season. The objective of this research was to know the growth and production of shallot to the application of rhizobacteria. This research was conducted from February to April 2018 at production center of Kediri Regency, East Java. Randomized Block Design with two factors was applied in this research. The First factor was a rhizobacteria that consisted of three levels: P0 (Without Pseudomonas fluorescens), P1 (Pseudomonas fluorescens with 5ml/l of concentration)and P2 (Pseudomonas fluorescens with 10 ml/l of concentration) and the second factor wasa rhizobacteria that consisted three levels: B0 (Without Bacillus subtillis), B1 (Bacillus subtillis with 5ml/l of concentration) and B2 (Bacillus subtillis with 10ml/l of concentration).The Combination treatment as nine treatments, each treatment was repeated three times to obtain 27 units of trial. Application of rhizobacteria was watered at the root with an interval of seven days. The results suggested that there were a significant difference in plant height, number of leaves, number of tubers, tuber diameter, fresh weight and dry weight of tubers between plants applied rhizobacteria and without applied rhizobacteria
PRODUKSI ENTAL DAN AKAR Asplenium nidus L. PADA BERBAGAI
Get PDFAsplenium nidus L. (bird nest fern) is an epiphytic fern that is commonly planted as an ornamental plant, vegetables and for its root as a planting medium. Naturaly, A. nidus grows very slowly. An experiment to find the best medium for growing A. nidus was done in randomly complete design with planting media treatment. Four media used in this research were chopped Cyathea contaminans Wall. ex Hook. stem, mixed soil + compost (1:1), sand and soil. Each treatment was repeated five times, with three plants per repetition. Plant material used in this research was A. nidus with four fronds of 10 cm length. The results showed that planting media had significant effect on the amount and weight of A. nidus fronds, but was not significant on its root weight. The soil medium produced the least amount of A. nidus fronds, significantly different from other media. The smallest frond weight was produced by sand medium, significantly different from other media. Chopped C. contaminans stem was the best media for A. nidus, followed by mixed soil + compost (1:1) medium. A. nidus cultivated for one year formed 8–15 fronds, with 90–174 g of fronds weight, 256–608 g root weight, and the frond size can reach 109 x 12 cm
Bioactive Yields of Fermented Rice by Ten Generation of Monascus purpureus JMBa after Six Years Storages by Using HPLC and Spectrophotometer
Get PDFThe objective of this study was to know the stability of bioactive production of Monascus fermented rice (MFR) by Monascus purpureus JMBA after six years storages by using HPLC and Spectrophotometer. The results showed instability in the use of M. purpureus culture based on the bioactive yield analysed. Despite there were still bioactive which was detected by HPLC in FMR after six years storages, however, this results also indicated a tendency towards lowering red or yellow pigment and lovastatin yields of the fermented products over the tenth descendants. Further study is needed to clarify instability in producing bioactive by M. purpureus JMBa, MFR product in particular
Analysis of Nutrient and Anti-Nutrient Compositions of “Suweg” (Amorphophallus paeoniifolius) Cultivated in Java
Get PDFAmorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennts.) Nicolson belongs to the family Araceae. It is also known as elephant foot yam or suweg, notably for the Javanese. It is a common species in Java and is cultivated for its edible tubers. The suweg tubers used for this research were collected from Kuningan (West Java), Yogyakarta and Kediri (East Java). The study aimed to elucidate the nutrient and anti-nutrient compositions of suweg’s tuber, including carbohydrate, fat, proteins and minerals viz. Ca, Fe and P. The Kjeldhal method was used for protein determination, soxhlet extraction method for lipids, spectrophotometer method for carbohydrate, and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer method was used for mineral elements. Anti-nutrient contents determinated were Ca Oxalate and HCN using spectrophotometer method. Both fresh tuber and flour powder of suweg were analysed to indicate the highest percentage of Ca Oxalate content. The results showed that nutrient contents of suweg were carbohydrate 87.02 %, protein 7.08 % and fat 0.18%. These indicated that suweg has high carbohydrate and low fat contents; therefore it is suitable for dietary therapy. The concentration of anti-nutrient, such as Ca Oxalate was lower on the flour powder (0.01 %) rather than fresh tuber (0,21 %). This means the tuber of suweg was not harmful to consume after being processed
Projecting the Niche (Suitable Habitats) of Invasive Species: Approaches, Challenges, and Consequences
Get PDFInvasive species has been identified as a major threat for native species and ecosystem functions. The occurrence and the massive growth of invasive species have caused a significant impact on environment such as loss of native biodiversity, agricultural damage, disease outbreak, and economic loss. Modelling distribution of invasive species is an important method to understand the susceptibility and suitability of a habitat for an invasive species to establish in a new region, and consequently to obtain the most effective and efficient management strategies to eradicate the target invasive species. However, modelling distribution of an invasive species in its non-native ranges involves many challenges. Invasive species tend to have a non-equilibrium correlation with their environment and even sometimes they modify the non-native ranges. There were many approaches that carried out to address several issues related to projecting invasive species outside their native range. Several attempts were conducted to make projections more reliable and realistic. The objective of this study is to gather some of new approaches related to projecting invasive species outside of the native range. Five publishing papers that concerned to reveal the projection of invasive species in space and time, were rigorously selected to understand the recent methods that potentially produce a reliable projection. Several important parameters, including approaches, findings and limitation were presented on this study. The result showed Hybrid models or combination models produced more reliable and accurate projection of invasive species. Although, shortcomings on the models still appear, the hybrid model was a good representative in terms of projecting the distribution of invasive species. Prediction and understanding the mechanism of invasion would be necessary for management actions and environmental policies
Effect of Growing Media on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume)
Get PDFPorang is a food crop that can be cultivated on marginal land. It used for alternative food, because of the high content of glucomannan. This plant can be propagated by bulbils, tuber orleafcutting, but seed common use as propagation material. An experiment was conducted to study the effect of different growing media on seed germination and seedling growth of Amorphophallus muelleri (porang) in Bogor Botanic Gardens. The treatment consisted of three growing media (sand, cocopeat and rice husk charcoal) laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The following parameters were assessed: days to first germination, germination percentage, plant height, petiole diameter, leaf diameter, leaf length, leaf width, number of roots, root length, tuber diameter, fresh weight of tuber and fresh weight of plant. The best results for leaf width (2.70 cm) and root length (13.28 cm) were obtained in sand medium. Most rapid seed germination was found in cocopeat medium. The best results for germination percentage, plant height, petiole diameter, leaf diameter, number of roots, tuber diameter, fresh weight of plant and fresh weight of tuber were 72.33%, 19.67 cm, 3.35 cm, 8.89 cm, 25.93 cm, 16.65 cm, 2.43 g and 5.77 g., respectively in rice husk charcoal medium. On the other hand, the cocopeat medium showed unsatisfied results. It was also found that vegetative growth of seedlings could be effectively classified into four identifiable stages
KAJIAN HABITAT DAN POPULASI PASAK BUMI (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) DI BLOK BARAT KAWASAN HUTAN KONSERVASI PT SABHANTARA RAWI SENTOSA, KUTAI TIMUR, KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Get PDFPasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) is an Indonesian native plant species and widely used for its medicinal properties from generation to generation. The demand for this medicinal plant is increasing, both nationwide and worldwide. In contrary to the increasing demands, there are no plantations or such efforts to cultivate this plant to meet commercial needs. Thus, people fulfil the demands by harvesting the plants from its natural habitats in forests. In addition to this lack, there have been forest conversions into other uses such as mining, oil palm plantations and other uses. All those facts result in the decrease of pasak bumi population in the wild, and become the threats for the existence of this species. This study aims to observe the habitat and population of Eurycoma longifolia Jack in its natural habitat at the western block of the conservation forest of PT Sabhantara Rawi Sentosa in Kutai Timur, East Kalimantan. The study applied a transect survey method, comprising five transect lines, each transect contains 10 plots. The results showed that wild population of E. longifolia on the research site was very low. Only one seedling of E. longifolia found in the observation plots, however there were several individuals growing outside the observation plots. Heavy exploitation of the plant and forest conversion into other uses caused the population decrease. Researches to provide bases for commercial plantation of the E. longifolia are strongly recommended to ensure the existence of the species
STUDI POTENSI MINYAK ATSIRI DAUN Boenninghausenia albiflora (Hook.) Rchb. ex Meisn. DI KEBUN RAYA EKA KARYA BALI
Get PDFBoenninghausenia albiflora (Hook.) Rchb. ex Meisn. (Rutaceae) is an aromatic plant, containing essential oils, and has been used traditionally as a medicine. The aims of this study were to determine the percentage of essential oil from B. albiflora leaves obtained from Eka Karya Botanic Garden Bali, as well as to understand the components of chemical constituents and its potential uses. The results showed that the leaves of B. albiflora contained 0.30% (v/w) of essential oils with the main chemical components, i.e. 1,1,3,3-tetra-tert-butyl-2-phenylsulfonylthiaguanidine (37.04%), 2-methyl-1-pentene (12.23%), cis-ocimene (9.91%), methyl-d3 3-butenyl ether (9.67%), and 4,4-di-trideuteromethyl-2-allylcyclohexanone (6.47%). Bioactive compounds contained in essential oils of leaves of B. albiflora are potential as antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antiproliferative, aroma therapy and natural fragrance
Efforts to Increase The Role Of Rural Communities in Conservation by Utilizing Marginal Land in the Kuningan Botanical Garden
Get PDFSome areas of the Kuningan Botanical Garden are still covered by shrubs and grasslands. So far, this area has not been used yet, either for plant collections areas/ gardens or for infrastructures. Communities around the botanical garden generally works as farmers and farm workers. The community involvement approach in conservation efforts is carried out through the use of marginal land in botanical gardens. The method used in this activity is involving the community in the red ginger propagation using fertilization and intercropping treatments. In long term, this activity aims to motivate the community to develop small business, especially in traditional health drinks made from red ginger. Whereas short term activity aims to improve and utilize the ‘alang-alang’ field into productive land. This activity shows that the land that was originally overgrown with alang-alang can be used as a land for planting commodities needed by the community, such as ginger and other plants as their crops. This study shows that experiments using corn intercrops were more beneficial than other intercrops such as lemongrass and elephant grass Treatment with compost-based organic fertilizer with a content of C / N ratio of 10-25, also provides the best yield. Through this activity the community around Kuningan BG was motivated to form a small business group to produce health drinks made from local red ginger