E-Journal Center for Plant Conservation Botanic Gardens-LIPI (Indonesian Institute of Sciences / Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia)
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Balanophora papuana Schltr. (Balanophoraceae), a Neglected Holoparasite Species: Rediscovery for Indonesia
Get PDFBalanophora papuana Schltr. is a parasite plant on a root of another plant, herbaceous, without chlorophyll and has attractive colours such as yellow to red. This species is distributed in northern and western part of Sumatra, Malay Peninsula, Borneo-Malaysia (Kinabalu), northern and western part of Sulawesi, Seram Island, Philippines (Luzon, Mindoro and Mindanao) and Papua New Guinea. Although reportedly spread throughout Indonesia, unfortunately, there is no collection of B. papuana in Herbarium Bogoriense (BO), Indonesia. However, based on GBIF data reported that there are several specimens of B. papuana collected in a period of 1928 to 1979 from Sumatra that stored in Herbarium at Leiden (L) but we have never seen that specimens. In northern Sumatra, Ridley in 1923 reported that found one species of Balanophora, but it could not be further identified due to the incomplete specimen. In 2012, research on Balanophora diversity was conducted in West Sumatra and yet did not found B. papuana. Recently, Research Center for Biology – LIPI was conducted a flora exploration to North Sumatra and found a complete specimen of B. papuana. It confirms the existence of B. papuana in North Sumatra after 39 years without any collection. Notes on this species were reported on this paper. Photographs of the fresh specimen are also provided
Sorghum Cultivation, Production and Utilization at Kupang District of Nusa Tenggara Timur, Indonesia
Get PDFSorghum bicolor that includes in the family Poaceae has very high potency to support the national program of staple food diversification and bioenergy in Indonesia. Sorghum has been cultivated for a long time ago, especially in Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) province. In Indonesia, sorghum is not explisitely mentioned as part or priority of national staple food officially. Since 2005 - 2011, the pruduction and productivity of sorghum in Indonesia increased, however the sorghum harvest area decreased. Program of sorghum development has been conducted by State-Owned Enterprise Indonesia (BUMN) during and after that period, including at Kupang, NTT. The aim of the study was to find out sorghum cultivation areas, productions, cultivation system and utilization at Kupang district. Literature studies, data collections from 2005, surveys, interviews and discussions with the farmer groups, women groups and staff of local government have also been conducted in 2016. Sorghum was cultivated at 1 district until 21 districts per year in Kupang regency during 2005 until 2015, with total harvested area of 3 ha - 1874 ha and production in between 3 ton – 1499 ton per year. Productivity of sorghum plants at Kupang was still low namely in between 0.55 ton – 1.10 ton per ha
The Implementation of Artificial Neural Network and Random Forest in Ecological Research: Species Distribution Modelling with Presence and Absence Dataset
Get PDFA new computation modelling is increasingly developed over past 10 years, to determine the pattern of biodiversity distribution under climate change. A task for finding a good representative model to predict the pattern of distribution remains a challenge. The objective of this study is to review the performance and accuracy of Random Forest (RF) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) modeling technique in predicting the distribution of biodiversity. A total of four RF and four ANN species distribution papers are selectively studied to gather information about these two modeling techniques in term of predicting species distribution. The result shows that both RF and ANN were good models that can be used to predict the pattern of species distribution in space and time. Both models show high model performance and high accuracy of model prediction in these studied papers. Although there are several shortcomings, those models are recommended to be used in case of determining the pattern of species distribution. A proper selection of models would affect the accuracy and quality of model prediction. A robust model of species distribution is useful for determining a potential habitat for species reintroduction, designing nature reserve area, predicting the pattern of biodiversity under climate change and land use change, and restoration
Identification Tree Health in The Cimory Riverside Natural Tourism Development Area
Get PDFCimory Riverside is a natural scenery restaurant in Puncak Bogor. It has tourism development based of nature tracking priority that will soon be in open to public. The purpose of this research was to identify the tree health in the natural tourism development area. The method used is pursosive sampling based on vulnerability level tree with a Forest Health Monitory (FHM) and Picus Sonic Tormograph. The result showed 31 trees are identified proneness of different species. The average healthy tree condition grows normally, but is growing sloping and high canopy load. Two species of Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes (Sengon laut) recomended for cut down. 13 trees are recommended for pruning to make the canopy lighter and minimize the risk fallen tree. The rest 16 trees otherwise normal but need to check routinely. While the results of checking used a Picus Sonic Tormograph, Eucalyptus alba Reinw. ex Blume tree experienced holes at the height of 0-120 cm vulnarable area to visitors. The final result of identification healthy tree is handling in accordance with recommendations and checking periodically to minimize the risk fallen tree
ANATOMI PARADERMAL DAUN ENAM JENIS TUMBUHAN PAKU MARGA Pteris
Get PDFPteris is a cosmopolitant fern genus inhabiting many kinds of habitats, mostly in forests. The genus grows as terrestrial or lithophyte. The high species diversity of Pteris was resulted from hybridization, apogamy or polyploidy, therefore complex species with continuous morphological characteristics often occur. This study was carried out to determine the role of paradermal anatomical characteristics as supporting data for species delimitation of Pteris. The study was done by observing anatomical characteristics of Pteris, namely stomatal size, epidermal shape and size, amplitude and wave length of sinousity, stomatal index and density, and the distribution of stomatal type. Six species of Pteris were observed, namely P. ensiformis Burm.f., P. fauriei Hieron., P. heteromorpha Fée, P. longipinnnula Wall. ex J. Agardh, P. tripartita Sw. and P. vittata L. The average of stomatal and epidermal size, as well as amplitude and wave length of anticlinal wall of the epidermal cells were relatively different for each species. The average of stomatal index and density were also different among species. Eight stomatal types were found to be distributed among the abaxial epidermis cells of Pteris. Six stomatal types were newly recorded for Pteris, namely anomocytic, pseudocopolocytic, hemiparacytic, cohemiparacytic, diacytic and brachyparacytic. The eight stomatal types were distributed among species with different combination and percentage of occurence. The quantitative characteristics of paradermal anatomy was not strong enough to support species delimitation in Pteris. However, the qualitative characteristics of paradermal anatomy seemed to be useful to support species delimitation of Pteris
Inventory and Exploration of Orchid in Polewali Mandar, West Sulawesi
Get PDFSulawesi is the fourth largest island in Indonesia. Sulawesi is also a very unique island, possessing a very high biodiversity due to the location on the Wallacea area, and constituting mixing plants from Asia and Australia. An inventory and exploration of orchid in Polewali Mandar Regency was conducted from 25 May to 13 June 2014 to determine and assess the orchid diversity in the area.Orchid specimens were recorded and collected using a purposive random sampling method. A total of 62 orchid collection numbers were found in the study area. These collections represent 21 genera and 52 species, consists of 43 epiphytic orchids species and 9 terrestrial orchids species. Some species are wide distribute in Indonesia, few of them are only found in eastern part of Indonesia, and are even endemic to Sulawesi. Luisia celebica Schltr. is noted as endemic orchid to Sulawesi. While Habenaria beccarii Schltr. is endemic to the Wallacea region mainly in Sulawesi and Moluccas. Among those orchids found in the study, Pinalia quinquangularis (J.J.Sm.) Ormerod, Pinalia xanthocheila (Ridl.) W.Suarez & Cootes and Dendrobium clavator Ridl. are noted as a new record in Sulawesi. Many new records of orchids are still to be expected from Sulawesi
PERKECAMBAHAN BIJI DAN TIPE-TIPE FUNGSIONAL SEMAI PADA JENIS-JENIS SUKU ANNONACEAE
Get PDFAnnonaceae produces small to large seeds. The size of seeds is closely related to the amount of food reserves that directly affect germination process. Cotyledons of the Annonaceae vary according to its exposure, position, or texture/function. This research aimed to determine the seed germination characters of 21 species of Annonaceae in Bogor Botanic Gardens. Twenty five to thirty seeds of each species were planted in a sand medium. First germination, germination rate and seedling functional types were observed and recorded. The result confirmed that Annonaceae seeds required varied time to germinate, i.e. fast, slow and delay germination. There were seven species included in the fast germination, 11 species slow germination and three species delayed germination. The earliest seed germination occurred at 24 days after sowing (DAS) (Cananga odorata), whereas the longest occurred at 212 DAS (Platymitra macrocarpa). The number of species with cryptocotylar cotyledon type was more than those of phanerocotylar cotyledons type (14 species and seven species, respectively). The epigeal cotyledons type found in 17 species that is higher than hypogeal cotyledon type (four species). Species with cotyledon reserve type were more than foliar cotyledons type (14 species and seven species, respectively). The proportion of seedling types PEF (phanerocotylar-epigeal-foliaceous), CER (crypto- cotylar-epigeal-reservoir) and CHR (crypto-cotylar-hypogeal-reservoir) were 33.33%, 47.62%, 19.05% respectively
KARAKTERISASI ANGGREK Cymbidium hartinahianum J.B. Comber & R.E. Nasution HASIL IRADIASI SINAR GAMMA
Get PDFProtocorms of Cymbidium hartinahianum J.B. Comber & R.E. Nasution did not develop well and the seedling showed slow growth during acclimatization process. Gamma ray irradiation was conducted to obtain mutant adapted to higher temperature. Characterization was conducted to observe the result of irradiation. The treatments includede five irradiation doses, i.e. 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 Gy. The result showed that there were significant differences on the number of shoots, leaves of shoots and protocorms between 5 Gy and control, and also planlets with 15 Gy irradiation showed significant differences with control for the length of the leaf and number of roots. The planlet treated with 15 Gy has the highest number of leaves with an angle > 45°. Protocorms treated with 15 Gy gamma irradiation produced the best planlet performance and can be used for breeding program
STUDI TIPE PERKECAMBAHAN DAN PERTUMBUHAN ANAKAN Pinanga arinasae Witono DAN Euchresta horsfieldii (Lesch.) Benn. UNTUK MENDUKUNG UPAYA KONSERVASINYA
Get PDFPropagation is an inseparable process of plant conservation. Thus, in order to optimize conservation effort, the germination process of targeted species has to be fully understood, including germination and seedling development types. This research aimed to determine the germination and seedling development types of Pinanga arinasae Witono and Euchresta horsfieldii (Lesch.) Benn. Germination experiment was conducted at the Seed Bank Laboratory, Eka Karya Botanic Garden, Bali. Seeds of both species was sown in petri dishes with straw paper medium and incubated in the growth chamber. Qualitative-descriptive data analysis was used to describe both plant germination and seedling development types. The result showed that both P. arinasae and E. horsfielldii have hypogeal germination type, with P. arinasae germination type further described as adjacent ligular. Seedling development type of P. arinasae and E. horsfieldii were cryptocotylar hypogeal with reserve storage or absorption cotyledons (CHR) and phanerocotylar hypogeal with reserve storage or absorption cotyledons (PHR), respectively. The germination and seedling development types provide information about plant adaptation that can be used to optimize conservation efforts of P. arinasae and E. horsfielldii