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Stability indicating RP-HPLC method development and validation for the simultaneous estimation of ceftriaxone and tazobactum in sterile powder for injection
No full textA simple, rapid, precise and accurate method is developed for the quantitative simultaneous determination of ceftriaxone and tazobactum in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations. Separation of ceftriaxone and tazobactum was successfully achieved by using Inertsil C18 ODS column 250X4.6mm, 5µm in an isocratic mode using water and acetonitrile (80:20) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and was monitored at 254 nm with a retention time of 3.049 minutes and 4.317 minutes for ceftriaxone and tazobactum respectively. The method was validated and the response was found to be linear in the drug concentration range of 20µg/ml to 80 µg/ml for ceftriaxone and 5 µg/ml to 35 µg/ml for tazobactum. The values of the correlation coefficient were found to be 0.999 for ceftriaxone and 0.999 for tazobactum respectively. The LOD and LOQ for ceftriaxone were found to be 0.021 and 0.064 respectively. The LOD and LOQ for tazobactum were found to be 0.030 and 0.091 respectively. The percentage recovery for ceftriaxone and tazobactum were found to be 98-102% respectively which indicates that the proposed method is highly accurate. The specificity of the method shows good correlation between retention times of standard with the sample. The method was extensively validated according to ICH guidelines for Linearity, Accuracy, Precision, Specificity and Robustness. Stability of the drugs was determined by using acid/base, thermal, oxidative stress testing
Effect of clindamycin in acne among college students
No full textAcne is a chronic, self-limiting, inflammatory disease of adolescents and young adults. Acne and its associated problems affects as many as 80% of adolescents and young adults. Only one third affected teenagers could consult with their physician about acne. Clindamycin is a lincosamide antibiotic, developed in 1966 by chemically modifying the naturally occurring lincomycin.. Topical antibiotics such as erythromycin and clindamycin are the most popular in the management of acne. Side effects though minor includes erythema, peeling, dryness, and burning, pseudomembranous colitis which is rare, but has been reported itching, with clindamycin .The objective of the study is to evaluate efficacy of topical clindamycin in treating acne among students and to monitor the adverse effects encountered during the therapy. It was a cross-sectional questionnaire study carried out among 55 students of both sex group of age varying from 18 to 25 years suffering from acne. Knowledge of safe and effective use of clindamycin among students was to be assessed with a 17 pre-validated questionnaire and the data is analyzed using descriptive statistics. Among the respondents, about 79.6% had an outbreak of acne.71.4% believe that their acne is due their food habits. 87% are using clindamycin and was effective in 76.7%. Among them, about 61.9% use without prescription and 48.8% claimed to have no side effect and patients without recurrence is 55%.This study is to demonstrate the efficacy of clindamycin in the treatment of moderate to severe acne. The relevant data obtained through this study will help to aware about safe and effective use clindamycin in acne patients and provides information about the perception of acne among young adults with or without acne
Evaluation and effect of patient counseling by Pharm D students in hospitals - a survey
Get PDFPatient understanding about the illness is very important role in management .Counseling makes the patient understand his/her illness, lifestyle modifications in better way and enhance patient compliance. The objective of the study is to find out the impact of Pharm D students in patient counseling and analyzing the effect of counseling enhances the patient care services or not. In this method, a set of self-designed questionnaire was prepared to evaluate the knowledge of patients regarding their disease, medications and lifestyle and a prospective survey was carried out using the information’s gathered from Pharm D students in all pharmacy colleges in South India. The study provides the effect of counseling; counseling place, time, and counseling aids, language, disease conditions are collected and analyzed properly. Also patient response to the counseling was recorded. These collected data was subjected to proper statistical analysis and a total of 15 colleges with 72% female and 25% male Pharm D student’s response were collected. The significance of the study was to identify the effect of patient counseling at bedside, discharge and their follow-up
Evaluation and phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of Ficus dalhousiae Miq
Get PDFThe aim of the present study was to isolate the Extract from the leaves of Ficus dalhousiae Miq and subse-quently evaluate their antibacterial and antifungal activity. The crude various extracts of the plant n-Hexane, Chloroform, Ethyl acetate, Methanol extract was obtained by using continuous soxhlation tech-nique using soxhlet apparatus. The antibacterial activity of plant extract were carried using cup plate method against three bacterial species Staphylococcus aures, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli using agar diffusion method. those are compared with standard reference drug Ciprofloxacin. This study confirmed that bark extracts have more active constituents compare to leaf extracts. by pharmacological evaluation of Ficus dalhousea Miq. Various extracts, most of them are capable of showing moderate antibacterial activity
A review on immune checkpoint blockage therapy
No full textActivating the immune system to eliminate cancer cells and produce clinically relevant response has been a long standing goal of cancer research. Most promising therapeutic approaches of activating antitumor immunity include immune checkpoint inhibitors. Our immune system protect us from disease, killing bacteria and virus. One main type of immune cell called T-cells. T-cells have protein that turn it off. These are called checkpoint. Immune checkpoint are accessory molecules that either promote or inhibit T-cell activation. Checkpoint inhibitor are a type of immunotherapy. They block protein that stops the immune system from attacking the cancer cells. Checkpoint inhibitor are a type of monoclonal antibody or targeted treatment. Immune system cells, such as T-cells and Antigen presenting cells (APCs), defend and protect the body. Immune system play an important role in controlling and eradicating cancer. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes associated protein 4(CTLA-4) and Programmed cell dealth protein (PD-1) are checkpoint protein which is the negative regulation of T-cell immune function. Inhibition of the target, results in increased activation of immune system
Development and validation of new analytical method for the simultaneous estimation of ibuprofen and diphenhydramine in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form by RP-HPLC
No full textA simple, accurate, rapid and precise method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of Ibuprofen and Diphenhydramine in Pharmaceutical dosage form. Chromatogram was run through Inertsil ODS (250x4.6mm) 5µ. Mobile phase used was Acetonitrile and Phosphate buffer (45:55) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and detection wavelength was found to be 260 nm. The retention time was found to be 2.32 min and 2.93 min for Ibuprofen and Diphenhydramine respectively. The accuracy and reliability of the method was assessed by evaluation of linearity, precision (intra-day and inter-day % RSD >2), accuracy (98-102%), specificity, LOD, LOQ values in accordance with ICH guidelines. The developed method is applicable for routine quality control analysis of selected combined dosage forms
RP-HPLC method development and validation for the estimation of antifungal drug terbinafine HCL in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form
No full textIn the present work RP-HPLC method has been developed for the quantitative estimation of Terbinafine hydrochloride in bulk drug and pharmaceutical formulations. A rapid and sensitive RP-HPLC Method with PDA detection (220 nm) for routine analysis of in Bulk drug and Pharmaceutical formulation was developed. Chromatography was performed with mobile phase containing a mixture of Potassium dihydrogen phosphate and Acetonitrile (65:35 v/v) with flow rate 1.5 ml/min. The linearity was found to be in the range of 50-150 µg/ml with (r2=0.999). The proposed method was validated by determining sensitivity, accuracy, precision, LOD, LOQ and system suitability parameters according to ICH guidrelines
Stability indicating RP-HPLC method development and validation for the simultaneous estimation of Grazoprevir and Elbasvir in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form
No full textA simple, Accurate and precise method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of the Grazoprevir and Elbasvir in Tablet dosage form. Chromatogram was run through Kromosil C18 (250 x 4.6 mm), 5m. Mobile phase containing Buffer: Acetonitrile taken in the ratio 45:55 was pumped through column at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. Buffer used in this method was Di Potassium Hydrogen ortho Phosphate. Temperature was maintained at 30°C. Optimized wavelength selected was 215 nm. Retention time of Elbasvir and Grazoprevir and were found to be 2.503 min and 3.004. %RSD of the Elbasvir and Grazoprevir were and found to be 0.3 and 0.4 respectively. %Recovery was obtained as 98.17% and 99.83% for Grazoprevir and Elbasvir respectively. LOD, LOQ values obtained from regression equations of Grazoprevir and Elbasvir were 0.24, 0.73 and 0.06, 0.19 respectively. Retention times were decreased and run time was decreased, so the method developed was simple and economical that can be adopted in regular Quality control test in Industries
Synthesis, Characterize and Evaluation of anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activity of thiazines
No full text1,3 – Thiazines have been applied as useful starting materials in the stereo selective synthesis of compounds of pharmacological interest and they have served as chiral ligants and auxiliaries in enantioselective transformation. The thiazines are of great importance because they act as precursor for the synthesis of Cephalosporins (3,6-dihydro-2H-,1,3-thiazine) and then converted to the thiazine derivatives (an heterocyclic compounds). Therefore, it was thought to combine chalcones moiety to thiazine derivative together in a molecular frame work to see the biological activities, additive effort of these rings towards biological activities like Anti- bacterial and Anti- fungal activities
St John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.): A Review of its Chemistry, Pharmacology and Clinical properties
Get PDFSt John's wort (also known as hypericum, millepertuis) is Hypericum perforatum L., Hypericaceae, an herbaceous perennial plant native to Europe and Asia, and which has been introduced into the United States where it has naturalized (38). The chemical composition of St. John's wort has been well-studied. Documented pharmacological activities, including antidepressant, antiviral, and antibacterial effects, provide supporting evidence for several of the traditional uses stated for St John's wort. Many pharmacological activities appear to be attributable to hypericin and to the flavanoid constituents; hypericin is also reported to be responsible for the photosensitive reactions that have been documented for St. John's wort. This systematic review overviews the literature on the use of St. John’s Wort for chemistry, pharmacology and clinical properties