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Designing the Best Stock Portfolio of Tehran Stock Exchange Using the Bee Colony Algorithm
Get PDFProper selection of investment projects in the capital market, including stock exchanges, is one of the most important issues of the day. The right choice of designs requires appropriate investment opportunities on the one hand and appropriate analysis tools and techniques on the other. An appropriate choice can help ensure investor and increase market efficiency. In most cases, there are beneficial investment projects but there is no access to financial resources for them. In an efficient capital market, the operational dimension of the capital is at the disposal of the best investment options and the next priorities are the other resources. Therefore, in planning investment, in addition to evaluating and choosing projects individually, attention should be paid to the interaction and interaction effects of the projects. In other words, we need to take this approach to the choice of plans that do not consider it as an activity that is in void and apart from other goals and decisions, but all the important and important issues involved in choosing a project. Statistical Society The research consists of 112 major stock exchange companies in terms of stock liquidity and data analysis through Meta-heuristic algorithms
Culture and civilization: functional and methodological aspects
Get PDFThe subject of the authors”™ study is a relationship between culture and civilization and functions of civilization. The relevance of the article is determined by the peculiarities of contemporary civilization and by transformation of moral values and attitudes. Meanwhile, the concepts of "civilization" and "culture" are the most complicated and controversial concepts in contemporary humanities. Methodological distinction of these concepts can help in revealing of many social and cultural phenomena and processes. The paper”™s authors use historical and comparative research methods, which, in the opinion of the authors, help to get the most adequate results. The authors give views of famous philosophers and highlight five key differences between the concepts of "civilization" and "culture". Culture and civilization are not opposite towards each other, but they are different in their nature. Culture is a creation, it”™s basically individual; civilization is a transition from the creation (culture) to the acquisition and conservation of cultural results for everybody. There is no civilization without culture. Civilization is its natural and necessary extension; it allows to replicate cultural patterns and to create conditions for further creation in the form of stabilization of social relations for future generations. So, civilization as a sustainable socio-cultural formation realizes various functions. The authors define some functions of civilization. There are adaptive, regulating, unifying, repressive functions. If we compare functional features of civilization, peculiarities of culture and civilization we can come to the conclusion that civilization influences on the person externally. In civilization a person is an object, an individual, one among many people. Culture influences on a person also, but a person here is not only an object in it, it”™s a subject who creates by means of his internal potential and contrary to existing civilizational norms. A struggle between external influence on a person expressed in various regulations and his internal potential promotes the development of a man. In the context of functional characteristic features of civilization, the authors come to the conclusion that civilization is a necessary condition for development of culture and human development
The cases of nullity of suspended obligation with respect to jurisprudence and Iranian law
Get PDFThe jurists of Imamiyyah jurisprudence and Islamic lawyers believe that the suspension caused to null the contract. Imamiyyah jurists have not spoken about the suspension, and have just provided some examples, and how often they have sufficed to state in the sentence (suspended contract is one which is not unconditional). Civil law also has not spoken about the suspended obligation in general. Other contracts are occurer with requirement and acceptance, and in this aspect, it dosen not have a difference with unconditional contract. What has subjceted to a condition is obligation, not a contract, and one only canthis reason put against suspended and unconditional contracts togather. There is an actual suspension if the fate of the contract effects not be clear at least between the parties. Because if they know the realization of the condition as certainty in the future, the suspension is formal also due to the creation provisions, and it shows that the parties only demanded that creating debt be delayed for a while. Transactions and contracts are necessities of life; hense, each section of the jurisprudence need to devote a particular attention to it so that the Islamic law not expose to the charge due to some ambiguities and misunderstandings. So, this research reviewed the cases of nullity suspension to provide scholars with the functions of Islamic jurisprudence
Petrography, Geochemistry, Petrogenesis and Tectonic Situation of Volcanic Units in Zaker area (Northwest of Iran)
Get PDFZaker volcanic units are located in the western Alborz Zone (northeast of Zanjan). Volcanic rocks of this area are combinations of basalt, andesite and trachy andesite. In these units, pyroxene, plagioclase and rarely olivine crystals are as phenocrysts in a background of fine crystals and glass minerals. Of course, also, some small outcrops of andesite tuff units are observed. These units are metaluminous and are located in ranges from high calcium calc -alkaline to shoshonitic rocks natures. The significant feature of these units is the enrichment of LREE elements relative to HREE. Furthermore, positive anomalies of LILE elements such as Cs, Ba, K and Sr along with negative anomalies of HFSE elements such as Ti, Nb and P are observed in all samples. Negative anomalies of Nb and enrichment of light rare earth elements relative to heavy rare earth elements, represent the subduction zone environments. The formation environments of these units are continental arcs and the primary magma is composed of partial melting of garnet spinel lherzolite with a very small amount of garnet during the melting process. The low ratio of (La / Yb) N (6.79-4.6) in all volcanic units indicates the absence of garnet at the origin or the partial presence of this mineral in the source of the magma. The geochemical characteristics of these units indicate that magma has originated from high horizons of the mantle (probably a lithospheric mantle) and has tolerated some crust contaminations during the ascent
The Aspects of commencement of prosecution in criminal matters
Get PDFOne can refer to some of the principles governing over institution of principal prosecution such as legality of prosecution (Article 2 of criminal procedure code approved in 2013), presumption of innocence (Article 4 of aforesaid code), arraignment (op. cit. Article 5), principle of contingency of criminal prosecution (op. cit. Articles 22 and 80), principle of requisite for receiving of security from culprit (Article 217 of aforesaid code), principle of acceleration in prosecution (op. cit., Article 3), principle of summon prior to detainment (Aforementioned code, Articles 168 and 203), and blackmail etc. each of which has devoted to one of the important topics. Observance of all governing principles may be helpful and efficient in facilitation, prosecution, and addressing of rights for citizens and therefore they may create coordination among prosecution institution of Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) with world standards. The criminal procedure code approved in 2013 has created new order in relations among criminal justice system and their relations between them with limits of powers for their legislations by approval and entry into executive field of courts. The public prosecutor is one of the persons who possess special importance for which some wider range is visible in limits of powers and legislations of this position compared to this code (approved in 1999) with some modern inventions e.g. right of supervision and teachings for public prosecutor in provincial capital and other affiliated public prosecutors and this is assumed as a turning point per se. In addition to chairmanship in public prosecutor”™s office and his tasks in investigation and prosecution, the public prosecutor has other duties such as order to commencement of execution of primary investigations to interrogator, supervision over administrators, and teaching of them and so forth so we will discuss about them in this survey
Investigating the Role of Low Investment Moderation on the Relationship between Financial Reporting Quality and Investment in Firms
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to investigate the role of low investment moderation on the relationship between financial reporting quality and investment in listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange; therefore, 125 companies were selected during the years 2011-2015 (5-year period) as a statistical sample. In order to investigate the effect of each of the independent variables on the investment of companies, separate hypotheses were tested using multiple regression models using hybrid data. The results of the hypothesis test indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between financial reporting and investment quality, and the results of the research showed that low investment significantly modifies the impact of financial regulatory quality on firms\u27 investments
National interests of the USA and Russia:comparative legal analysis
Get PDFThis article is devoted to the comparative analysis of doctrinal approaches concerning the determination of national interests in the US and Russia, their legal consolidation and implementation practice in modern conditions. The features of the North American and Russian approaches to the issues of strategic planning and the development of program documents in the field of national interest provision are established and systematized. The content of the United States and the Russian Federation National Security Strategies is compared in terms of national interests and the spheres of their implementation consolidation
Modelo integrador para la gestión de recursos financieros, humanos y materiales en PYMES
Get PDFEl artículo presenta un modelo integrador de gestión de reestructuración de PYMES. El modelo apunta a un desempeño competitivo divergente y sostenido, especificando medidas para mejorar la gestión estratégica, racionalizando las funciones de gestión y evaluando la influencia de sus resultados en la competitividad de las PYMES. La técnica respectiva se propone para la evaluación de la eficiencia empresarial en términos de gestión estratégica y funcional. En cuanto a la preparación de la estrategia adecuada para la reestructuración de las PYMES, el autor ha determinado y, por lo tanto, recomendado las regularidades para la toma de decisiones estratégicas hacia la reestructuración, así como las de la selección racional de las técnicas de reestructuración.Los resultados de la contribución destacan que, al ejecutar la reestructuración de PYMES, es conveniente propone utilizar el conjunto complejo de medidas determinadas para garantizar la eficiencia razonable de las funciones de la empresa y de sus productos. Con el fin de garantizar una gestión racional de la reestructuración, también se propone la técnica respectiva para evaluar la eficacia de la reestructuración de las PYMES. Esto permitió evaluar el beneficio de los cambios ejecutados dentro de la empresa para identificar las direcciones y acciones necesarias para continuar aumentando la eficiencia de la actividad empresarial
Catálogo en Línea de Acceso Público del sistema ABCD 3.0
Get PDFLos catálogos son una poderosa herramienta para la organización y almacenamiento de datos. Estos evolucionan en su concepción técnica, pero siguen teniendo como misión la organización, almacenamiento y gestión de la información. Actualmente muchas instituciones se encuentran informatizadas logrando eficiencia en la forma en que brindan sus servicios. Las bibliotecas no han quedado exentas del avance tecnológico, utilizando los Catálogos en Línea de Acceso Público pertenecientes a los Sistemas Integrados de Gestión Bibliotecaria para informatizar sus procesos.Dentro de los Sistemas Integrados de Gestión Bibliotecaria se encuentra Automatización de Bibliotecas y Centros de Documentación, el cual estuvo sujeto al escrutinio de varios especialistas del Centro de Informatización de la Gestión Documental junto a expertos bibliotecarios, quienes al detectar ciertas limitantes decidieron implementar la versión 3.0 del sistema. Esta versión al traer consigo un cambio tecnológico imposibilitó la integración con el Catálogo del Sistema de Automatización de Bibliotecas y Centros de Documentación v1.2. Por tal motivo se realizó la presente investigación la cual tiene como objetivo diseñar e implementar las funcionalidades referentes al módulo Catálogo en Línea de Acceso Público v3.0. Para su realización se utilizó una metodología robusta y una arquitectura estable que propicia la escalabilidad del sistema.Con la implementación de este módulo se mejora la manera en que los usuarios recuperan la información procesada, brindando herramientas de búsqueda avanzada, filtrado de contenido y socialización de la información. Después de las pruebas realizadas al Catálogo con resultados satisfactorios, el mismo está siendo desplegado en todas las bibliotecas del país
Personality characteristics of gifted students of creative specialty
Get PDFWe have studied personality traits of the gifted freshmen students of Department Design and National Arts of Institute of Philology and Intercultural Communication L. Tolstoy, Kazan Federal University. A total of 40 students aged 17-19 participated in the study. We used the following methods: Mini-Mult abridged version of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, the method of assessing the level of neuro-emotional stability, degree of integration of personal properties, the level of individual adaptation to the social environment; Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPI) defines extraversion (orientation of the personality to the outside world) and neuroticism (the result of an imbalance of excitation and inhibition - properties underlying temperament); Lí¼schercolour test measures the psycho-physiological state of a person, reveals the emotional and character logical basis of the personality and characteristics of its current state.As a result of the EPI test, the number of extroverts in the study group is a little more than a half, and the rest of the examinees are of a mixed type and introverts. The Mini-Mult test showed a high level of the emotional stability of the students. It is associated with reduced sensitivity to the environment with a relatively low social climate sensitivity.Correlation analysis, that allowed us to study the structure of diagnosed indices, showed that there is a legitimate interdependence of emotional state (determined by means of the Lí¼schercolour test) and personal qualities (defined with the help of Mini-Mult, EPI test). The results of this study will enable to complete the elective courses groups most effectively, as well as to distribute creative tasks and to do psychological adaptation training in a more goal-oriented manner