Naruto University of Education Digital Collection / 鳴門教育大学学術研究コレクション
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How can self-esteem and enjoyment to work be enhanced for school teachers in Japan?
Get PDF日本における学校の労働環境は，他のほとんどの国より悪い。特に、授業の準備や実施のための時間が他国と変わらないのに，労働時間が長い。その結果，教員の健康や適応は悪化し，それにともない自己肯定感ならびに教職の享受感が低下している。本論文では，まず，現在の日本の学校の労働環境がどれほど悪いのかを紹介した。その後，教員の健康や適応の状況を，精神疾患の罹患率に関する統計資料を参照しながら明らかにした。また，教員の自己肯定感が，労働環境，健康，適応上の問題により低くなっていることが指摘された。このような考察から，自己肯定感の重要性が強調された。そして，自己肯定感が低下したり，高まる発達過程を明らかにした後，低下した自己肯定感をどのようにして高めることができるかを，労働環境，健康と適応へのケア・予防システムの改善，そして自己肯定感の発達の観点から論じた。最後に，これらの問題ある状況において教員を救うための介入プランが，適用できる評価方法とともに導入された。本論文を通して，日本の学校は現代の社会情勢の変化に適合するために変化する必要があることが強調された。The working environments in schools are worse in Japan than in most of the other countries. Above all, the working hours are longer despite that the hours to prepare for and conduct classes are almost equal to those in the other countries. As a result, teachersʼ health and adjustments have become detrimental, along with decreased self-esteem and enjoyment of teaching. In this paper, first, it was depicted how bad the present working environments in Japanese schools are. Thereafter, health and adjustments of teachers were clarified referring to the statistical materials on the rate of mental diseases. It was also indicated that teachersʼ self-esteem is low, caused by the problems on working environments, health, and adjustments. In line with this consideration, the importance of self-esteem was underscored. So, after the developmental process on which self-esteem decreases or increases was elucidated, it was discussed how lowered self-esteem can be enhanced in terms of the modification of the working environments and care/prevention systems for health and adjustments, and the development of self-esteem. Lastly, an intervention plan to save teachers in these problematic conditions was introduced with possible evaluation methods. Throughout this paper, it was underscored that schools in Japan need to be changed to adjust to the present social status.departmental bulletin pape
Experiences and Challenges of International Educational Cooperation in China, Japan and Korea : Seeking Implications for the Future of Chinaʼs International Educational Cooperation
Get PDF本稿の目的は，留学生の受入れと技術協力を中心に，中国・日本・韓国がこれまで行ってきた国際教育協力をまとめ，比較・分析することで，中国の国際教育協力の未来への示唆を求めることである．文献調査によって，①中国の国際教育協力は，日韓と異なり， 受援国・支援国双方の発展という「共同発展」の理念の下で実施されており，受援国への一方的な支援・援助ではなく，支援国にとってもメリットがあることが許容されるこ と，②中国では，留学生受け入れ制度が「国際交流」を含めた「教育の国際化」という 流れの中で発展してきており，「国際教育協力」として留学生を受け入れるとき，「国際交流」という要素も常に付帯されていること，③中国の国際協力を統括する組織 （CIDCA）は設立間もないため，日韓の経験を参考にしつつ，情報公開・透明性について向上する余地が今後あることなどが分かった．departmental bulletin pape
Impact of Model Drawing and Visualization to Solve Word Problem of Equation at Grade-8 in Nepal
Get PDFThis research aim is to know whether teaching word problems of mathematics to young learners through model drawing and visualizing is effective or not at basic school, especially for grade 8 students in Nepal. For this, 25 students were randomly selected as an experimental sample and pre-test consisting six-word problem administrated to the students to determine the baseline. The lesson structure of the experimental class was composed of Hogan & Forsten (2007)'s eight steps of model drawing approach guided through interpretation, visualization and mathematical equation. Finally, post-test consisting six-word problem administrated to the students to detect the effect. At last, through social validity survey students' opinions about model drawing and visualization were collected. The data was analyzed using parametric t-test. The result shows a significant difference between the mean achievement of students before and after treatment. The use of model drawing, visualization and its impact on student learning shows that this approach improves student's knowledge, comprehension and application ability to solve word problems of equation.departmental bulletin pape
Naruto University of Education International Cooperation Center for the Teacher Education and Training (INCET) Journal Guide for Authors
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Attachment and Child Abuse
Get PDFBowlbyがアタッチメント理論を公表してから半世紀が経つが，その重要性は色褪せていない。子どもの養育者への健全なアタッチメントは，その後の健康と適応を保証するほどの要因となる。逆に言えば，その歪みはその後の人生において多様で深刻な問題をもたらすことになる。本論文においては最初にこのアタッチメントについて概説し，そこからアタッチメントの無秩序・無方向型（D型）の特徴と問題性の大きさを強調した。その後，近年発生数が急増している養育者から子どもへの虐待の問題について，被虐待児の多くがD型のアタッチメントを持つことに注目した。そして，この虐待とアタッチメントの関係を考慮し，虐待問題への解決にアタッチメントの歪みからアプローチすることを本論文の主題として浮かび上がらせた。そこで，D型のアタッチメントを変容させることを念頭に，まず虐待の現象を概説した。その後，親から子どもへの虐待に至り，被虐待児がアタッチメントの歪みからトラウマなど重篤な問題，さらには外在化ならびに内在化の問題を示すに至る過程を明らかにし，その間に複数の介入ポイントを明示した。そして，その介入ポイントに従い，被虐待児を救い，虐待に至る親の態度を変容させる方途や，トラウマや内外在化の問題を解決する方法のあり方にふれた。虐待は世代間連鎖を生む確率が高く，その点でも虐待を受けた子どものパーソナリティの歪みを虐待につながらない特性にまで変容させることが急務になっていることが強調された。Although half a century has past since Bowlby introduced the theory of attachment, its signifi cance has never been fading. Non-distorted attachment is a crucial factor that guarantees healthy and adaptive life of children thereafter. To speak reversely, distorted attachment brings about various problems in later stages of life. First, the current paper roughly explained about attachment, underscoring the characteristics and importance of disorganized/disoriented attachment type (Type D). Afterward, Type D attachment was focused as an attachment type as which abused children are often classifi ed, and then the relationships between this type and child abuse that is rapidly increasing in recent years were emphasized as the main theme in this paper. So, next, the phenomena of child abuse were depicted, clarifying multiple intervention points on the process from abusing to various psychological problems such as trauma and external/internal problems through falling in D-type attachment. And according to the intervention points, methods to modify parental child-rearing attitudes and childrenʼs distorted attachment and to address psychological problems of abused children were introduced. Considering that child abuse produces intergeneration chains, it is an urgent task to modify abused childrenʼs distorted personality into the one that does not lead to abuse of their own children.departmental bulletin pape
Relationship between anxiety ratings by disability type and experience of interactions with children
Get PDF本研究では，障害のある子どもへ関わる際の不安の程度についてVAS(visualanalogscale)を用いて測定し，教職経験の有無，障害のある子どもと関わった経験の有無，障害に関連した用語の認知度との関連性について調査した。参加者は教育系大学院生101名。学校で担任となる場面を想定した子どもの障害種別は次の8つ：知的障害，発達障害(ASD，ADHD，SLD)，身体障害(弱視，難聴，下肢障害，心疾患)。用語の認知度は「知らない」から「よく知っている」までの4件法で得点化し，「自閉スペクトラム症，障害者差別解消法，ICF」など15語の結果を分析対象とした。その結果，用語の認知度については，発達障害関連の名称は概ね知られているが，「発達性協調運動障害」や「限局性学習症」などは認知度が低いことが示された。不安評価については，障害種別の平均値は概ね60点台(範囲0～100点)となり，全般的に高いことが明らかとなった。また，知的障害・発達障害では子どもとの関わり経験により不安評価に違いがあること，身体障害では関わり経験による差は見られないことが示された。In this study, 101 graduate students in education were asked to measure their level of anxiety when teaching children with disabilities using the VAS. There were eight types of disabilities: intellectual disability, developmental disability (autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, specific learning disorder), physical disability (low vision, hard of hearing, lower limb motor dysfunction, heart disease). Anxiety ratings were then compared according to the following factors: teaching experience, experience working with children with disabilities, and recognition of disability-related terms. As a result, in the regard to word recognition, words related to developmental disabilities generally scored high, but words such as “developmental coordination disorder” and “specific learning disorder” had low recognition. The mean scores for the eight anxiety ratings were 60-70, indicating that the scores were generally high. In addition, differences in anxiety ratings based on the presence or absence of involvement with the child were found for intellectual and developmental disabilities, but not for physical disabilities.departmental bulletin pape
Cluverius’s Introductionis in universam geographiam, tam veterem quam novam: an translation of volume 2 ch.8 to vomule 3 ch.8
Get PDFCluverius was a german geographer in the early 17 th Century. His book was written in Latin. This writer translated a part of it into Japanese. The titles and the outline of the contents of each chapter are follows: vol. 2 ch. 8 On Gallia Division of Gallia. ch. 9 On Gallia Braccata, a.k.a. Narbonensis Provincia Outline of Gallia Braccata, its inhabitants and famous towns. ch. 10 On Gallia Comata, and its main part Aquitania Division of Gallia Comata, famous inhabitants and towns in Aquitania. ch. 11 On Gallia Celtica, or Lugdunensis Famous towns in Lugdunensis. ch. 12 On Gallia Belgica, and the rivers in whole Gallia Transalpina Famous inhabitants and towns in Belgica, main rivers in whole Gallia Transalpina. ch. 13 On inhabitants in Gallia, and its division in later years People and their kingdoms in Gallia since Roman conquest. ch. 14 On later Gallia, and its divisioning into various provinces Division of Gallia in Cluverius' days. ch. 15 On the famous Gallian towns, and lustrous academies Famous Gallian towns and academies. ch. 16 On Sabaudia and Comitatus Burgundiae Division of Burgundia ch. 17 On Helvetii and Valesii Outline of Helvetia. ch. 18 On Belgica of nowadays, or on the lower Germania today Outline of Belgica, and its independence. ch. 19 On the peculiar towns in the lower Germania Famous towns and academies. ch. 20 On the Britannia islands Outline of the Britannia islands. ch. 21 The division of old Britannnia, and its rivers and towns Outline of the Britannia, and its main rivers and towns. ch. 22 On the inhabitans in Britannia Character of the inhabitants in Britannia, and Roman conquest. ch. 23 On Anglia Division of Anglia, and its famous towns, ports, and academies. ch. 24 On Scotia Outline of Scotia. ch. 25 On Hibernia Outline of Hibernia. vol. 3 ch. 1 On old Germania Extent of Germania. ch. 2 The division of old Germania，and especially on the Vindili and the Ingaevones On the 5 races of Germania, people in northern Germania. ch. 3 On the Istaevones, the Hermiones, the Bastarnae, the Suevia, and the habitation of old German People in middle Germania. ch. 4 On the Vindelicia and the Noricum People in southern Germania. ch. 5 On the rivers, forests, and mountains in Germania Famous rivers, forests and mountains in Germania ch. 6 On the inhabitants in Germania Origin and movement of Germanic people ch. 7 What parts of Germania was subject to the Roman Empire Germania under Roman Empire. ch. 8 On the various kingdoms in Germania, and its latest division Division of Germania in Cluverius' daysdepartmental bulletin pape
Research on Steps to Create Kodomo-Shokudo (Special Cafeterias for Children) as Local Places for Them to Be: From Interview Research with Managers of Cafeterias for Children in Tokushima prefecture
Get PDFFor this research, we conducted interviews with managers of cafeteria for children in Tokushima Prefecture. While we ascertained details about these cafeterias in Tokushima Prefecture, our goal was to deliberate on strategies to expand upon these cafeterias for children, and details of how they should serve as a beneficial place for children to be. The interviews, conducted from November 2019 through January of 2020, featured five managers of four cafeterias for children in Tokushima Prefecture. Data collected through semi-structured interviews was compiled into memory card format, organized systematically, and grouped into the following five topics: 1) social background necessitating a place for the children to be, 2) individuals managing the cafeterias (providing assistance), 3) social work skills, 4) child cafeteria operations, and 5) the kind of children utilizing these cafeterias. Based on detailed analysis, we examined the circumstances of these cafeterias for children and their role as a place for children to be, making concrete recommendations on strategies to popularize these cafeterias in regional communities.departmental bulletin pape