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Herding and Anti‐Herding Behaviour in the UK, French and German Stock Markets Before and During the Covid Pandemic
Get PDFThis paper studies herding and anti‐herding behaviour in three European stock markets before and during the Covid‐19 pandemic by employing both static and dynamic analysis. We examine four different questions related to herding behaviour: (i) Did herding behaviour increase during the pandemic? (ii) Does herding behaviour respond differently in up and down market conditions? (iii) Is herding behaviour related to the volume of trading activity? and (iv) Does herding behaviour increase in periods of high market volatility? We find that, contrary to much of the existing literature, there is very little evidence of herding activity, and if anything, we find the evidence points to anti‐herding behaviour during the Covid‐19 pandemic
For Women Scotland: an interpretation of equality rooted in biology
Get PDFThis case review discusses the judgement handed down by the Supreme Court in the For Women Scotland case, in which the court was tasked with defining the term ‘woman’, ‘man’, and ‘sex’ for the purposes of the Equality Act 2010. I discuss the reasoning given in the decision and provide some context. I also discuss the wider implications of the case and its legal, political, and constitutional significance in the matters of trans persons’ rights
The weight of evidence regarding the nature of traumatic memories: A comment on Mazzoni et al
Get PDFWait or Eat? Self-Other Differences in a Commonly Held Food Norm
Get PDFThis research examines a widespread food norm: waiting to eat until everyone in a dining party has received their food. Six experiments (total N = 1,907) examine how individuals perceive and respond to this norm and reveal a consistent self-other difference in anticipated norm adherence. Participants reported greater expected norm adherence from themselves compared to others (Studies 1a, 2a, 3-4). This self-other difference is driven by a differential perception of the psychological costs and benefits of eating immediately versus waiting, which are more pronounced for the self than for others (Studies 2a-2b). We tested two interventions targeting this difference: taking the other person’s perspective partially reduced, but did not eliminate, the self-other difference (Study 3), while explicit encouragement from a dining companion to break the norm and begin eating, intended to remove social constraints, had no significant effect on the self-other difference (Study 4). These findings extend our understanding of food norms by demonstrating that the perceived psychological utility of norm adherence varies systematically between self and others
Duplicated Orders, Swift Cancellations, and Fast Market Making in Fragmented Markets
Get PDFEmploying unique data from 91 stocks trading on their primary exchanges and three alternative venues, we show that liquidity suppliers post duplicate limit orders on competing trading venues and cancel the duplicated orders immediately after one of them is filled. This is consistent with liquidity suppliers engaging in cross-venue market-making. This Duplicated-then-Canceled Liquidity is predominantly used by high-frequency traders when their inventories are not excessive. It reduces execution costs of fast traders on alternative venues. It however has some adverse impact on execution costs on primary exchanges but those negative effects fail to outweigh the liquidity benefits of market fragmentation
Not Just Defense: the Power of Culture for Europe’s Future
Get PDFThree decades after the Maastricht Treaty, the world is departing from the post-Cold War liberal internationalism that paved the way for the foundation of the EU. The US-led liberal order is fractured, globalisation driven by free trade and markets contested, neoliberalism has weakened democracy and fuelled inequalities, and war in Ukraine threatens the principles of national sovereignty and international law. Meanwhile, the AI revolution and the climate emergency are reshaping the future of humanity. In this essay, I argue that the humanities can provide us with the intellectual and cultural resources needed to develop an alternative planetary politics and reimagine Europe in a post-imperial and cosmopolitan context
The Urgency of Critical Theory Today: Towards Optimism and Renewal in a Neoliberal World
Get PDFThis chapter takes the form of a critical conversation between three generations of critical theorists, examining the role of critical theory in the neoliberal academy: does this sort of intellectual project still have a place in an academic and educational system that tends to favour empirical research and policy-driven projects? Through a discussion of the relationship between critical theory and power, privilege, and positionality, the chapter addresses the ongoing urgency of such intellectual activities in the present context. The dialogue between the three participants acknowledges critical theory’s historical, and continuing, fragility within the university, while elucidating the ways that it can provide a vehicle for challenging dominant forms of power. In doing so, this cross-generational exchange demonstrates that critical theory remains a vital space of rebellion, optimism, and social change
Black and Minoritized Women’s Experiences of Specialist Domestic Violence Services in the United Kingdom (UK): A Scoping Review
Get PDFThis scoping review maps the existing available literature on Black and minoritized women’s experiences with specialist Domestic Violence and Abuse (DVA) services in the UK to summarize current understanding and identify knowledge gaps. A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases and gray literature sources. All articles had to include Black and minoritized women’s experiences of DVA services. In total, 29 UK-based studies published between 2000 and 2024 were identified. Data were synthesized to identify key themes and gaps. Thematic analysis of the findings revealed three main themes: additional service needs, barriers to accessing support, and the pivotal role of “by and for” services. Our review concludes that “by and for” services—provided by and for minoritized women—which adopt an intersectional approach are crucial in addressing the unique needs of Black and minoritized “survivor–victims”, particularly in terms of language support, practical assistance, and community-related support. There is a need for more peer-reviewed literature to recognize the role of “by and for” services, using diverse methodologies to support Black and minoritized communities better
Development of optimised protocols for paediatric whole-body computed tomography examinations: a figure-of-merit approach
Get PDFBackground: Whole-body computed tomography (WBCT) technique involves higher radiation doses, resulting in increased stochastic health risks, especially when used for paediatric patients. Hence, protocol optimisation is recommended to maximise its benefit-risk ratio, with several available strategies to achieve it. This study used the figure-of-merit (FOM) approach to develop optimised protocols for paediatric WBCT examinations. The rationale is to enhance diagnostic accuracy while minimising radiation exposure, ultimately improving patient safety and outcomes for paediatric patients undergoing WBCT.
Methods: Newborn and child (5-year-old) anthropomorphic phantoms were scanned with different scan protocols and evaluated for dose and image quality using the CT-Expo and ImageJ programs, respectively. The protocols for trunk examinations were divided into arterialphase-only and combined arterial and venous phase to develop appropriate protocols based on patients’ initial focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) results. The protocols with the highest FOMs were selected as the best optimised protocols.
Results: The estimated WBCT ED (WBED) for the optimised protocols ranged from 2.6 mSv to 5.8 mSv with estimated FOM of 3.83 to 59.35. The mean effective doses (EDs) for newborn and child arterial phase-only protocols were not significantly lower than the combined arterial and venous phase protocols (p = 0.069, 0.082 respectively), while the mean signal-to-noise ratio of the combined phase protocols for newborn and child phantoms were insignificantly higher than the single-phase protocol (p = 0.089, 0.662 respectively).
Conclusion: The estimated EDWB from this study were lower than established values. The selected protocols are recommended for newborns and children (1–7 years) using the GE Revolution CT and Siemens SOMATOM Definition Edge CT scanners
An evaluation by dental clinicians of cutting characteristics and haptic perceptions in 3D‐printed typodont teeth: A pilot study
Get PDFObjectives
This study aimed to compare the haptic perception of clinicians to the cutting response of 3D‐printed typodont teeth and commercial typodont teeth and human extracted teeth.
Methods
Twenty clinicians were asked to perform a Class I cavity preparation on commercial typodont teeth, 3D‐printed typodont teeth, and human extracted teeth, while the forces were recorded via a three‐axis load cell. The haptic perception of clinicians was also evaluated through a response questionnaire comparing commercial and 3D‐printed typodont teeth.
Results
The study found that clinicians used similar forces (p = 0.53) to cut both the 3D‐printed typodont teeth (1.37 N) and the human extracted teeth (1.44 N), but more force was needed to cut the commercial typodont teeth (3.71 N). The response questionnaire indicated that clinicians rated the 3D‐printed typodont teeth highly compared to the commercial teeth. The 3D‐printed dentine received favorable feedback from clinicians, and the 3D‐printed enamel was rated higher compared to the commercial equivalents.
Conclusions
The results of the study suggest that 3D‐printed typodont teeth offer a comparable haptic perception to human extracted teeth and can be used as an effective tool for preclinical dental learning. Moreover, the study highlights the advantages of 3D‐printed typodont teeth over commercial typodont teeth in terms of haptic perception
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