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Intimate partner violence and children’s cognitive development
No full textThis study examines how intimate partner violence (IPV) affects the educational outcomes of children living in violent households. We employ data from the Millennium Cohort Study, a longitudinal survey that follows about 19,000 children born in the UK in 2000–2001. We use their educational performance measures in English, Science, Mathematics, Physical Education, Creativity, and Information and Technology at ages 7 and 11. We find that children exposed to IPV have worse educational outcomes. Children living with abused mothers have lower scores in English and Maths by age 11. These results remain consistent across different definitions of IPV and remains significant even after controlling for potential sample selection bias. Subjects that require prior knowledge, such as Maths and Science, are more strongly affected
Gender in International Bureaucracies: Evidence from UN Field Missions
Get PDFContemporary international organizations, including the UN, employ tens of thousands of staff outside of their headquarters in field offices around the world. Despite attempts to promote gender equity, significant differences persist in male and female officials’ experiences of working in UN field offices and missions. Drawing on a series of internal surveys of UN field staff, we demonstrate that, relative to men, women report having worse relationships with peers, supervisors, and management as well as having less confidence in performance appraisal mechanisms. Through a qualitative analysis of survey comments, archival materials, and semi-structured interviews, we highlight distinct gendered dynamics of working in field offices that affect international bureaucrats’ workplace experiences
Unlocking Creative Movement with Inertial Technology
Get PDFBackground: This study examined the influence of creative thinking, shaped by different forms of episodic mental representations, on human movement. The primary objective was to investigate how creativity, elicited through distinct cognitive stimuli, affects movement variability. Methods: Twenty-four professional dancers developed two original dance phrases, each inspired by either a visual or a narrative mental representation. Movement data were collected via inertial sensor technology and subsequently analysed to determine differences in motor expression. Results: The results indicated that movements performed under narrative representation conditions exhibited significantly increased risk-taking behaviour, greater movement amplitude, and a higher overall movement volume compared to those guided by visual stimuli. Conclusions: These findings underscore the role of creativity in modulating both the expressive and physical dimensions of human movement. Moreover, this research demonstrates the potential of inertial sensor technology not only to capture kinematic patterns but also to provide insight into the deeper layers of human artistic and cognitive processes
Athlete Vulnerabilities in Elite Sport Corruption: A Socio-Legal Commentary on Contemporary Developments within the European Sphere
Get PDFP47 Addressing the increasing burden of infection and AMR in older people: a propensity-score-matched case-control analysis of urinary tract infection management and outcomes in and outside care homes in England
Get PDFExamining the role of staff and team communication in reducing seclusion, restraint and forced tranquilisation in acute inpatient mental health settings: protocol for the Communication and Restraint Reduction (CaRR) study
Get PDFIntroduction
Over 100 000 service users are admitted to acute mental health wards annually, many involuntarily. Wards are under incredible pressure due to high bed occupancy rates and staff shortages. In a recent survey, over 80% of mental health nurses reported experiencing aggression and violence within their role. National and international policy dictates that mental health ward staff manage incidents of aggression and violence using communication, known as de-escalation. However, de-escalation practice is variable, and there is little empirical evidence to underpin training. As such, there is still a reliance on more restrictive practices, including seclusion and physical restraint.
Aim
The aim of this study is to identify the communication and organisational factors that characterise effective management of service users’ behaviour and distress in acute adult inpatient mental health wards, reducing the reliance on more restrictive practices (eg, seclusion and restraint).
Methods and analysis
This observational study will be conducted on mental health wards in England. It will be comprised of three work packages (WPs).
A microanalysis of communication during de-escalation incidents from Body Worn Camera footage on wards (n=64), to identify staff communication practices that lead to effective management of service users’ distress.
Ethnographic observations of ward routine practice, alongside interviews and questionnaires with staff and service users, to examine how challenging behaviour is anticipated, planned for and responded to on wards, and staff experiences and perceptions of this process.
Triangulation of the findings from WPs 1 and 2 to examine the relationship between approaches to aggression management and staff communication, exploring the similarities and differences within and between wards.
Ethics and dissemination
Ethical approval for sites in England has been granted by the Wales Research Ethics Committee 3, REF 22/WA/0066. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, scientific conferences and service user and clinical networks
Development of a set of patient-centred outcome measures for patients with major injury: Delphi-based consensus recommendations from the International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement Major Injury Working Group
Get PDFBackground: Major injury contributes substantially to global morbidity and mortality, yet outcome measurement remains inconsistent. Development of a standardised set of patient-centred outcome measures for adults with major injuries has the potential to improve global benchmarking, quality of care and patient-centre value-based healthcare.
Methods: An international multidisciplinary working group of 28 experts and patient representatives from 11 countries (3 middle- and 8 high income) was convened. Following International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement methodology, a structured consensus-driven process was used, which included literature reviews, three modified Delphi rounds, and validation surveys. The target population included adult patients receiving acute care for physical injuries with an Injury Severity Score ≥9. Literature searches (Apr 16, 2005–Jun 1, 2024) in PubMed, MEDLINE,Embase.com, PsychINFO, CINAHL, and ProQuest identified relevant outcomes, measures, case-mix variables, and follow-up timepoints. Consensus on inclusion required ≥80% of members rating outcomes 7–9 on a 9-point scale. The Delphi process ran from Jul 3 to Nov 13, 2024, with patient and professional validation surveys respectively conducted between Dec 5, 2024 and Mar 28, 2025 and between Mar 5, and 28, 2025.
Findings: Seventy-two percent (n = 20) of members participated in eight calls, and 68% (n = 19) in nine surveys. The final set includes 26 outcomes (22 patient-reported, 4 clinician-reported) across four domains: patient-reported health status, functioning, psychological wellbeing and mental health, and clinical outcomes. Six patient-reported outcome measures and four injury-specific tools were endorsed. Thirty case-mix variables were identified, with measurement at baseline (as soon as possible after the injury, conditional upon the clinical stability of and safety for the patient), 6 months, and 12 months. Validation surveys with patients (n = 121) and professionals (n = 70) confirmed relevance and comprehensiveness, with >83% (n = 159) agreement on core domains. A primary subset of essential outcome measures was defined to facilitate implementation.
Interpretation: To our knowledge, this is the first international consensus-derived outcome set for major injury, supporting benchmarking of care, of outcomes of importance to patients and clinicians. We acknowledge the lack of representation from low-resource countries or regions in the working group and patient survey. Further implementation and feasibility testing are needed to ensure applicability across diverse populations, health systems and settings (e.g. military). In particular, validation in low- and middle-income settings is needed to ensure equity, feasibility and cultural relevance.
Funding: Transport Accident Commission, Stichting ZiektekostenVerzekering Krijgsmacht, AO Foundation
Fanon’s psycho-politics of decolonisation
Get PDFThis article explores Frantz Fanon’s psycho-politics of decolonisation, arguing that his revolutionary project extends beyond material liberation to include the transformation of consciousness. Situating Fanon’s thought as part of Marxist theories of subject formation and anticolonial praxis, it traces how colonialism’s structures produce compliant and complicit subjects, and how liberation must therefore involve dismantling the psychic effects of these structures. Through Fanon’s critique of colonial psychiatry and his reworking of psychoanalysis as a tool for emancipation, the essay shows that decolonisation demands both external and internal struggle: the rejection of the coloniser’s recognition and the creation of new, anti-imperial modes of being. Engaging Fanon alongside thinkers from Césaire to Martín-Baró and contemporary liberation psychologies, the article argues that the ongoing work of decolonisation lies in the dialectical relationship between material conditions and consciousness in our neocolonial world
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